(FNP) D116 NURS 6800
Advanced Pharmacology
LATEST OA EXAM
Q&S
©2024/2025
,1. Question: Which cytochrome P450 enzyme is primarily
responsible for the metabolism of warfarin?
- A) CYP1A2
- B) CYP2C9
- C) CYP3A4
- D) CYP2D6
Answer: B) CYP2C9
Rationale: Warfarin is primarily metabolized by CYP2C9, and
variations in this enzyme can significantly affect drug levels and
patient response.
2. Question: Which of the following antihypertensive
medications is contraindicated in pregnancy due to teratogenic
effects?
- A) Labetalol
- B) Methyldopa
- C) Losartan
- D) Nifedipine
Answer: C) Losartan
Rationale: Losartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB),
which is contraindicated in pregnancy, particularly in the second
and third trimesters, due to the risk of fetal harm.
©2024/2025
, 3. Question: The mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors in
treating type 2 diabetes involves:
- A) Increasing insulin sensitivity
- B) Inhibiting renal glucose reabsorption
- C) Stimulating insulin release from pancreatic beta cells
- D) Decreasing hepatic glucose production
Answer: B) Inhibiting renal glucose reabsorption
Rationale: SGLT2 inhibitors reduce blood sugar levels by
inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to increased
glucose excretion in the urine.
### Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
4. Question: _____ is a potential adverse effect of long-term
proton pump inhibitor use due to decreased calcium absorption.
Answer: Osteoporosis
Rationale: Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors can lead
to decreased gastric acidity, which may impair calcium absorption
and thus increase the risk of osteoporosis.
5. Question: The therapeutic range for lithium, a mood
stabilizer, is typically between _____ and _____ mEq/L.
©2024/2025
Advanced Pharmacology
LATEST OA EXAM
Q&S
©2024/2025
,1. Question: Which cytochrome P450 enzyme is primarily
responsible for the metabolism of warfarin?
- A) CYP1A2
- B) CYP2C9
- C) CYP3A4
- D) CYP2D6
Answer: B) CYP2C9
Rationale: Warfarin is primarily metabolized by CYP2C9, and
variations in this enzyme can significantly affect drug levels and
patient response.
2. Question: Which of the following antihypertensive
medications is contraindicated in pregnancy due to teratogenic
effects?
- A) Labetalol
- B) Methyldopa
- C) Losartan
- D) Nifedipine
Answer: C) Losartan
Rationale: Losartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB),
which is contraindicated in pregnancy, particularly in the second
and third trimesters, due to the risk of fetal harm.
©2024/2025
, 3. Question: The mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors in
treating type 2 diabetes involves:
- A) Increasing insulin sensitivity
- B) Inhibiting renal glucose reabsorption
- C) Stimulating insulin release from pancreatic beta cells
- D) Decreasing hepatic glucose production
Answer: B) Inhibiting renal glucose reabsorption
Rationale: SGLT2 inhibitors reduce blood sugar levels by
inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to increased
glucose excretion in the urine.
### Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
4. Question: _____ is a potential adverse effect of long-term
proton pump inhibitor use due to decreased calcium absorption.
Answer: Osteoporosis
Rationale: Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors can lead
to decreased gastric acidity, which may impair calcium absorption
and thus increase the risk of osteoporosis.
5. Question: The therapeutic range for lithium, a mood
stabilizer, is typically between _____ and _____ mEq/L.
©2024/2025
