NUR-120-ALT Exam 3 Questions with 100%
Correct Answers
Sinoatrial (SA) node Correct Answer pacemaker of the heart
Located in the right atrium
Atrioventricular (AV) node Correct Answer Electrical activity passes through AV node
into left and right bundles and into purkinje fibers to the ventricles
Arteries Correct Answer -Thick elastic walls
-stretch during contraction(systole)
-recoil during relaxation (dyastole)
-carry oxygenated blood away from heart
Arterioles Correct Answer -Smaller branch of arteries
-smooth muscle, thinner than arteries
-Sympathetic nervous system/constrict and dilate to control blood to capillaries,
maintain BP
Capillaries Correct Answer Exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes between tissue
cells and blood.
Veins and venules Correct Answer -Thin, inelastic, collapse easily
-relax and contract to accommodate blood volume
(A holding tank for fluctuation in blood volume)
-carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
Hemoglobin Correct Answer carries oxygen in the blood
Coronary arteries (Right and Left) Correct Answer -supply blood to the heart
-coronary sinus, located just above the aortic valve, fills with blood during diastole.
-coronary arteries are the only arteries in the body that fill during diastole
Regulation of heart Correct Answer Autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic increases heart rate
Parasympathetic lowers heart rate
Regulation of Vascular system Correct Answer sympathetic fibers maintain a constant
baseline state of partial contraction (tone)
Brainstem centers Correct Answer regulate cardiac function and blood pressure
Vasomotor center Correct Answer controls sympathetic stimulation of heart and
vascular system
, Cardioinhibitory center Correct Answer controls parasympathetic slowing of heart rate
Baroreceptors Correct Answer Sensitive to pressure changes
Small drop in pressure will cause brainstem centers to increase heart rate and induce
vasoconstriction
Vascular system Correct Answer -chemoreceptors sensitive to change in Blood ph, O2
levels, and CO2 levels
-Regulate ventilation
-Sends info to vasomotor center to activate sympathetic stimulation when lack of
oxygen
Factors affecting Cardiac function Correct Answer -Adults - Lifestyle, stress, heredity,
diet, exercise, obesity
- Older Adults - Thick/more rigid valves, decreased myocardial strength, lower exercise
tolerance.
Factors affecting Cardiac function (cont) Correct Answer -Stress
-Allergies/air quality
-Altitude
-Heat and cold
Factors affecting Cardiac function (cont 2) Correct Answer Peripheral Vascular
Abnormalities
-Arterial and venous abnormalities
O2 Transport Abnormalities
-Anemia- low levels of RBC and hemoglobin
-Carbon Monoxide- binds to hemoglobin at oxygen receptor sites
Medications Correct Answer Cardiovascular depressants
-Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents
--reduce workload of heart, control heart rythm, control hypertension
-Calcium channel blockers
--block calcium into cells of heart and blood vessels, decrease BP, and strength of
myocardial contractions, slows heart rate and dilates arteries
Cardiovascular Assessment Correct Answer -Pain
-Fatigue
-Dyspnea- difficulty breathing
-Peripheral Circulation
-Blood Oxygenation
-Cardiac monitoring
Cardiovascular nursing Diagnosis Correct Answer Decreased cardiac output
Risk for decreased cardiac tissue perfusion
Correct Answers
Sinoatrial (SA) node Correct Answer pacemaker of the heart
Located in the right atrium
Atrioventricular (AV) node Correct Answer Electrical activity passes through AV node
into left and right bundles and into purkinje fibers to the ventricles
Arteries Correct Answer -Thick elastic walls
-stretch during contraction(systole)
-recoil during relaxation (dyastole)
-carry oxygenated blood away from heart
Arterioles Correct Answer -Smaller branch of arteries
-smooth muscle, thinner than arteries
-Sympathetic nervous system/constrict and dilate to control blood to capillaries,
maintain BP
Capillaries Correct Answer Exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes between tissue
cells and blood.
Veins and venules Correct Answer -Thin, inelastic, collapse easily
-relax and contract to accommodate blood volume
(A holding tank for fluctuation in blood volume)
-carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
Hemoglobin Correct Answer carries oxygen in the blood
Coronary arteries (Right and Left) Correct Answer -supply blood to the heart
-coronary sinus, located just above the aortic valve, fills with blood during diastole.
-coronary arteries are the only arteries in the body that fill during diastole
Regulation of heart Correct Answer Autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic increases heart rate
Parasympathetic lowers heart rate
Regulation of Vascular system Correct Answer sympathetic fibers maintain a constant
baseline state of partial contraction (tone)
Brainstem centers Correct Answer regulate cardiac function and blood pressure
Vasomotor center Correct Answer controls sympathetic stimulation of heart and
vascular system
, Cardioinhibitory center Correct Answer controls parasympathetic slowing of heart rate
Baroreceptors Correct Answer Sensitive to pressure changes
Small drop in pressure will cause brainstem centers to increase heart rate and induce
vasoconstriction
Vascular system Correct Answer -chemoreceptors sensitive to change in Blood ph, O2
levels, and CO2 levels
-Regulate ventilation
-Sends info to vasomotor center to activate sympathetic stimulation when lack of
oxygen
Factors affecting Cardiac function Correct Answer -Adults - Lifestyle, stress, heredity,
diet, exercise, obesity
- Older Adults - Thick/more rigid valves, decreased myocardial strength, lower exercise
tolerance.
Factors affecting Cardiac function (cont) Correct Answer -Stress
-Allergies/air quality
-Altitude
-Heat and cold
Factors affecting Cardiac function (cont 2) Correct Answer Peripheral Vascular
Abnormalities
-Arterial and venous abnormalities
O2 Transport Abnormalities
-Anemia- low levels of RBC and hemoglobin
-Carbon Monoxide- binds to hemoglobin at oxygen receptor sites
Medications Correct Answer Cardiovascular depressants
-Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents
--reduce workload of heart, control heart rythm, control hypertension
-Calcium channel blockers
--block calcium into cells of heart and blood vessels, decrease BP, and strength of
myocardial contractions, slows heart rate and dilates arteries
Cardiovascular Assessment Correct Answer -Pain
-Fatigue
-Dyspnea- difficulty breathing
-Peripheral Circulation
-Blood Oxygenation
-Cardiac monitoring
Cardiovascular nursing Diagnosis Correct Answer Decreased cardiac output
Risk for decreased cardiac tissue perfusion
