RDCS EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT!!
You're performing m-mode on the mitral valve and notice that the "E" point of
the anterior leaflet is touching the IVS and the LV walls are grossly thickened.
What abnormality is suspected? Answer - HOCM (SAM)
A 40 year old female presents for an echocardiogram with peripheral edema,
jugular vein distention and inability to exercise without weakness and chest
pain. 2D echo reveals LV hypertrophy and what looks like ground-glass in the
myocardium. What is suspected? Answer - Restrictive
Cardiomyopathy/Amyloidosis
end diastolic volume - end systolic volume = Answer - stroke volume
This hemodynamic physics principle states "As more blood enters the ventricle,
a greater quantity of blood will be pumped out during systole" Answer - Frank-
Starling Principle
What is the most common benign cardiac tumor? Answer - Myxoma
True/False: The tricuspid valve inserts more inferiorly/apically than the mitral
valve. Answer - True
What is the normal LV systolic pressure? Answer - 120-140 mmhg
What are the normal LA measurements? Answer - 1.9-4 cm
,What are the classic findings associated with systemic HTN? Answer - LV
hypertrophy, increased LV pressure, decreased LV function
The V2 velocity is obtained in the apical 5 view with which type of Doppler, CW
or PW? Answer - CW
What is the interval-strength relationship? Answer - The greater the interval
between beats, the harder the contraction (PVCs)
What common conditions increase preload pressure? Answer - TR, MR, PI, AI
Bernoulli's principle states that velocities _____________ through a stenosis
and pressures _______________ through a stenosis. Answer - velocities
increase, pressures decrease
What is the approximate oxygen saturation in the RA? Answer - 75%
This congenital cardiac abnormality is characterized by a large right atrium,
small right ventricle and a tricuspid valve that is displaced towards the apex.
Answer - Epstein's anomaly
Aortic regurgitation is considered severe when the pressure half time is less
than: Answer - 200 msec
With aortic coarctation, is blood pressure increased or decreased proximal to
the stenosis? Answer - increased
Where is the oblique margin? Answer - The area where the LV meets the lung
, What is pulsus paradoxus? Answer - Systolic blood pressure decreases more
than 10 mmhg
What is pulsus paradoxus associated with? Answer - Tamponade
Expiration will ___________ the sound of all right heart murmurs. Answer -
decrease
What is cor pulmonale? Answer - RV hypertrophy and dilatation caused by
pulmonary HTN secondary to intrinsic lung disease
A patient presents 3 days post myocardial infarct with fever, pericardial effusion
and pericarditis. These symptoms are classic signs of: Answer - dressler's
syndrome
True/False: The coronary arteries fill during cardiac systole. Answer - false
What is the earliest abnormality detected with cardiac ischemia? Answer -
diastolic dysfunction / abnormal relaxation
Describe an aortic stenosis murmur Answer - harsh, systolic ejection
True/False: The tricuspid valve opens before the mitral valve. Answer - True
What does the tricuspid valve open before the mitral valve? Answer - RA
pressures exceed RV pressures before the LA is able to exceed the LV pressures
ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT!!
You're performing m-mode on the mitral valve and notice that the "E" point of
the anterior leaflet is touching the IVS and the LV walls are grossly thickened.
What abnormality is suspected? Answer - HOCM (SAM)
A 40 year old female presents for an echocardiogram with peripheral edema,
jugular vein distention and inability to exercise without weakness and chest
pain. 2D echo reveals LV hypertrophy and what looks like ground-glass in the
myocardium. What is suspected? Answer - Restrictive
Cardiomyopathy/Amyloidosis
end diastolic volume - end systolic volume = Answer - stroke volume
This hemodynamic physics principle states "As more blood enters the ventricle,
a greater quantity of blood will be pumped out during systole" Answer - Frank-
Starling Principle
What is the most common benign cardiac tumor? Answer - Myxoma
True/False: The tricuspid valve inserts more inferiorly/apically than the mitral
valve. Answer - True
What is the normal LV systolic pressure? Answer - 120-140 mmhg
What are the normal LA measurements? Answer - 1.9-4 cm
,What are the classic findings associated with systemic HTN? Answer - LV
hypertrophy, increased LV pressure, decreased LV function
The V2 velocity is obtained in the apical 5 view with which type of Doppler, CW
or PW? Answer - CW
What is the interval-strength relationship? Answer - The greater the interval
between beats, the harder the contraction (PVCs)
What common conditions increase preload pressure? Answer - TR, MR, PI, AI
Bernoulli's principle states that velocities _____________ through a stenosis
and pressures _______________ through a stenosis. Answer - velocities
increase, pressures decrease
What is the approximate oxygen saturation in the RA? Answer - 75%
This congenital cardiac abnormality is characterized by a large right atrium,
small right ventricle and a tricuspid valve that is displaced towards the apex.
Answer - Epstein's anomaly
Aortic regurgitation is considered severe when the pressure half time is less
than: Answer - 200 msec
With aortic coarctation, is blood pressure increased or decreased proximal to
the stenosis? Answer - increased
Where is the oblique margin? Answer - The area where the LV meets the lung
, What is pulsus paradoxus? Answer - Systolic blood pressure decreases more
than 10 mmhg
What is pulsus paradoxus associated with? Answer - Tamponade
Expiration will ___________ the sound of all right heart murmurs. Answer -
decrease
What is cor pulmonale? Answer - RV hypertrophy and dilatation caused by
pulmonary HTN secondary to intrinsic lung disease
A patient presents 3 days post myocardial infarct with fever, pericardial effusion
and pericarditis. These symptoms are classic signs of: Answer - dressler's
syndrome
True/False: The coronary arteries fill during cardiac systole. Answer - false
What is the earliest abnormality detected with cardiac ischemia? Answer -
diastolic dysfunction / abnormal relaxation
Describe an aortic stenosis murmur Answer - harsh, systolic ejection
True/False: The tricuspid valve opens before the mitral valve. Answer - True
What does the tricuspid valve open before the mitral valve? Answer - RA
pressures exceed RV pressures before the LA is able to exceed the LV pressures
