NCLE Practice
1. abrasion - ANS-rubbing off of the superficial layer
2. accommodation - ANS-adjustment by the eye for seeing different distances,
accomplished by changing the shape of the crystalline lens through action of the ciliary
muscle
3. acuity - ANS-clearness; measured by the smallest object that can seen at a certain
distance
4. adnexa oculi - ANS-accessory structures of the eye, such as lacrimal apparatus and the
eye lids
5. against-the-rule astigmatism - ANS-condition in which the steepest corneal meridian is in
the horizontal plane. An example of keratometer readings for a patient exhibiting this
condition would be:
6.
7. K's 45.00@180/42.00@90
8. albinism - ANS-hereditary loss of pigment in the eye, skin & hair; usually associated with
lowered visual acuity, nystagmus & light sensitivity
9. amblyopia - ANS-loss of vision with any apparent disease of the eye
10. ametropia - ANS-a refractive error in which the eye, when in state of rest, does not focus
the image of an object upon the retina; includes hyperopia,myopia and astigmatism
11. aniridia - ANS-congenital absence of the iris
12. aniscoria - ANS-inequality of the pupils in diameter
13. aniseikonia - ANS-a condition in which the ocular image of an object as seen by one eye
differs so much in size or shape from the seen by the other eye that the two images
cannot be fused into a single impression
14. anomaly - ANS-departure from the normal
15. anopthalmia - ANS-absence of a true eyeball
16. anterior - ANS-nearer the front, especially situated in the front of the body or nearer to
the head
17. anterior chamber - ANS-space in front of the eye, bounded in front by the cornea and
behind by the iris; filled with aqueous humor
18. antibody - ANS-a specific substance produced by the body in the presence of an antigen
19. antigen - ANS-any substance that acts against the action of histamine
20. aphakia - ANS-absence of the crystalline lens of the eye
21. aqueous humor - ANS-clear, watery fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers
within the front part of the eye
22. arcus senilus - ANS-grayish white ring in the periphery of the cornea
23. asthenopia - ANS-eye fatigue caused by tiring of the internal and/or external muscles
24. astigmatism - ANS-a refractive error that prevents light rays from coming to a single
focus on the retina because of different degrees of refraction in the various meridians of
the eye
, 25. atrophy - ANS-wasting or decrease of tissue due to faulty nutrition or loss of verve
supply
26. back vertex power (BVP) - ANS-when neutralizing a lens, the concave or the posterior
side of the lens in placed against the aperture of the lensometer
27. base curve - ANS-refers to the radius of curvature of the central posterior surface of the
lens. It may be expressed in diopters of surface power (D) or in millimeters (mm) of
radius or curvature.
28. bedewing (Cornea) - ANS-an edematous condition of the epithelium of the cornea
characterized by irregular reflecting from a multitude of droplets when the cornea is
viewed with the slit lamp
29. biconcave lens - ANS-lens having a concave surface on both faces
30. biconvex lens - ANS-lens having a convex surface on both faces
31. binocular vision - ANS-ability to use the two eyes simultaneously to focus on the same
object and to fuse the two images into a single image that gives a correct interpretation
of its solidity and its position in space
32. blend curve - ANS-the treatment given to the sharp junctions created by the difference in
the radii of curvature between the base curve, the secondary curve, and the peripheral
curve, rarely required at the base curve/secondary curve junction.
33. blepharitis - ANS-inflammation of the margins of the eyelids
34. blepharoconjunctivitis - ANS-inflammation of the eyelids and conjunctiva
35. blepharoplasty - ANS-plastic surgery of the eyelid
36. blepharoptisis - ANS-drooping of the upper eyelid
37. blepharospasm - ANS-excessive winking; tonic or clonic spasm of the orbicularis oculi
muscle
38. bulbar - ANS-pertaining to the globe
39. buphthalmos - ANS-enlargement of the eyeball, resulting usually from congenital
(infantile) glaucoma
40. canaliculus - ANS-Tubes (upper and lower) through which tears pass into the Lacrimal
Sac
41. canthus - ANS-The angle at either end of the slit between the eyelids; the corner of the
eye.
42. cataract - ANS-Clouding of the eye's lens; often congenital or age-related.
43. center thickness - ANS-the measurement in millimeters from the anterior to the posterior
surface of the lens at its geometric center, this measurement varies significantly
depending on the power of the lens
44. chalazion - ANS-Chronic nontender inflammation of a meibomian gland, usually the
result of a blocked duct; commonly presents as a swelling on the upper or lower eyelid
45. chemosis - ANS-Excessive edema of the conjunctiva.
46. choriod - ANS-one of the vascular coats of the eyeball, blood vessels
47. choriorentinitis - ANS-inflammation of the choroid and retina
48. choroiditis - ANS-inflammation of the choroid
49. ciliary body - ANS-Structure surrounding the lens that connects the choroid and iris. It
contains ciliary muscles, which control the shape of the lens, and it secretes aqueous
humor.
1. abrasion - ANS-rubbing off of the superficial layer
2. accommodation - ANS-adjustment by the eye for seeing different distances,
accomplished by changing the shape of the crystalline lens through action of the ciliary
muscle
3. acuity - ANS-clearness; measured by the smallest object that can seen at a certain
distance
4. adnexa oculi - ANS-accessory structures of the eye, such as lacrimal apparatus and the
eye lids
5. against-the-rule astigmatism - ANS-condition in which the steepest corneal meridian is in
the horizontal plane. An example of keratometer readings for a patient exhibiting this
condition would be:
6.
7. K's 45.00@180/42.00@90
8. albinism - ANS-hereditary loss of pigment in the eye, skin & hair; usually associated with
lowered visual acuity, nystagmus & light sensitivity
9. amblyopia - ANS-loss of vision with any apparent disease of the eye
10. ametropia - ANS-a refractive error in which the eye, when in state of rest, does not focus
the image of an object upon the retina; includes hyperopia,myopia and astigmatism
11. aniridia - ANS-congenital absence of the iris
12. aniscoria - ANS-inequality of the pupils in diameter
13. aniseikonia - ANS-a condition in which the ocular image of an object as seen by one eye
differs so much in size or shape from the seen by the other eye that the two images
cannot be fused into a single impression
14. anomaly - ANS-departure from the normal
15. anopthalmia - ANS-absence of a true eyeball
16. anterior - ANS-nearer the front, especially situated in the front of the body or nearer to
the head
17. anterior chamber - ANS-space in front of the eye, bounded in front by the cornea and
behind by the iris; filled with aqueous humor
18. antibody - ANS-a specific substance produced by the body in the presence of an antigen
19. antigen - ANS-any substance that acts against the action of histamine
20. aphakia - ANS-absence of the crystalline lens of the eye
21. aqueous humor - ANS-clear, watery fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers
within the front part of the eye
22. arcus senilus - ANS-grayish white ring in the periphery of the cornea
23. asthenopia - ANS-eye fatigue caused by tiring of the internal and/or external muscles
24. astigmatism - ANS-a refractive error that prevents light rays from coming to a single
focus on the retina because of different degrees of refraction in the various meridians of
the eye
, 25. atrophy - ANS-wasting or decrease of tissue due to faulty nutrition or loss of verve
supply
26. back vertex power (BVP) - ANS-when neutralizing a lens, the concave or the posterior
side of the lens in placed against the aperture of the lensometer
27. base curve - ANS-refers to the radius of curvature of the central posterior surface of the
lens. It may be expressed in diopters of surface power (D) or in millimeters (mm) of
radius or curvature.
28. bedewing (Cornea) - ANS-an edematous condition of the epithelium of the cornea
characterized by irregular reflecting from a multitude of droplets when the cornea is
viewed with the slit lamp
29. biconcave lens - ANS-lens having a concave surface on both faces
30. biconvex lens - ANS-lens having a convex surface on both faces
31. binocular vision - ANS-ability to use the two eyes simultaneously to focus on the same
object and to fuse the two images into a single image that gives a correct interpretation
of its solidity and its position in space
32. blend curve - ANS-the treatment given to the sharp junctions created by the difference in
the radii of curvature between the base curve, the secondary curve, and the peripheral
curve, rarely required at the base curve/secondary curve junction.
33. blepharitis - ANS-inflammation of the margins of the eyelids
34. blepharoconjunctivitis - ANS-inflammation of the eyelids and conjunctiva
35. blepharoplasty - ANS-plastic surgery of the eyelid
36. blepharoptisis - ANS-drooping of the upper eyelid
37. blepharospasm - ANS-excessive winking; tonic or clonic spasm of the orbicularis oculi
muscle
38. bulbar - ANS-pertaining to the globe
39. buphthalmos - ANS-enlargement of the eyeball, resulting usually from congenital
(infantile) glaucoma
40. canaliculus - ANS-Tubes (upper and lower) through which tears pass into the Lacrimal
Sac
41. canthus - ANS-The angle at either end of the slit between the eyelids; the corner of the
eye.
42. cataract - ANS-Clouding of the eye's lens; often congenital or age-related.
43. center thickness - ANS-the measurement in millimeters from the anterior to the posterior
surface of the lens at its geometric center, this measurement varies significantly
depending on the power of the lens
44. chalazion - ANS-Chronic nontender inflammation of a meibomian gland, usually the
result of a blocked duct; commonly presents as a swelling on the upper or lower eyelid
45. chemosis - ANS-Excessive edema of the conjunctiva.
46. choriod - ANS-one of the vascular coats of the eyeball, blood vessels
47. choriorentinitis - ANS-inflammation of the choroid and retina
48. choroiditis - ANS-inflammation of the choroid
49. ciliary body - ANS-Structure surrounding the lens that connects the choroid and iris. It
contains ciliary muscles, which control the shape of the lens, and it secretes aqueous
humor.
