NUR 4445 Growth and Development
1. Who provided the theory of psychoanalytic development and what are the different
developmental stages (5)?
Answer
- Proposed by Freud
- different stages
Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital
2. How long does the oral stage of psychoanalytical development last? What does this stage
look like?
Answer
- birth to 1 year
- infant uses mouth for gratification and exploration
3. How long does the anal stage of psychoanalytical development last? What does this stage
look like?
Answer
- 1-3 years
- pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control
4. How long does the Phallic stage of psychoanalytical development last? What does this stage
look like?
Answer
- 3-6 years
- during which children obtain gratification and concern primarily from the genitals
5. How long does the latency stage of psychoanalytical development last? What does this stage
look like?
Answer
- 6-12 years
,- the primary focus is on the further development of intellectual, creative, interper- sonal, and
athletic skills (dormant sexual feelings)
6. How long does the genital stage of psychoanalytical development last? What does this stage
look like?
Answer
- 12 years to adulthood
- during which the sexual conflicts of childhood resurface (at puberty) and are often resolved
during adolescence
- maturation of sexual interests
7. What stage of psychosocial development do infants face according to Erikson? What does
this stage look like?
Answer
- trust vs mistrust
- during the first year of life, infants learn to trust when they are cared for in a consistent warm
manner
8. What stage of psychosocial development do toddlers face according to Erikson? What does
this stage look like?
Answer
- autonomy vs shame/doubt
- a toddler learns to exercise will and to do things independently; failure to do so causes shame
and doubt
9. What stage of psychosocial development do preschoolers face according to Erikson? What
does this stage look like?
Answer
- initiative vs guilt
- child finds independence in planning, playing and other activities; gains ability to carry out a
plan
10. What stage of psychosocial development do school aged children face according to
Erikson? What does this stage look like?
, Answer
- industry vs inferiority
- child learns to be productive; ability to learn new tasks
11. What stage of psychosocial development do adolescents face according to Erikson? What
does this stage look like?
Answer
- identity vs role confusion
- Erikson's stage during which teenagers and young adults search for and become their true
selves; ability to form a stable identity
12. What is Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development? What stages is it made up of (4)?
Answer
- Each activity/cognitive development occurs in sequence
- Birth to 2 years - Sensorimotor
- 2-7 years - Preoperational
- 7-11 years - Concrete Operations
- 11-15 years - Formal Operations
13. What is the first stage of cognitive development according to PIaget?When does this stage
last and what does it look like?
Answer
- Sensorimotor stage
- Birth to 2 years
- infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
14. What is the second stage of cognitive development according to Piaget? How long does
this stage last and what does it look like?
Answer
- preoperational stage
- 2-7 years
1. Who provided the theory of psychoanalytic development and what are the different
developmental stages (5)?
Answer
- Proposed by Freud
- different stages
Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital
2. How long does the oral stage of psychoanalytical development last? What does this stage
look like?
Answer
- birth to 1 year
- infant uses mouth for gratification and exploration
3. How long does the anal stage of psychoanalytical development last? What does this stage
look like?
Answer
- 1-3 years
- pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control
4. How long does the Phallic stage of psychoanalytical development last? What does this stage
look like?
Answer
- 3-6 years
- during which children obtain gratification and concern primarily from the genitals
5. How long does the latency stage of psychoanalytical development last? What does this stage
look like?
Answer
- 6-12 years
,- the primary focus is on the further development of intellectual, creative, interper- sonal, and
athletic skills (dormant sexual feelings)
6. How long does the genital stage of psychoanalytical development last? What does this stage
look like?
Answer
- 12 years to adulthood
- during which the sexual conflicts of childhood resurface (at puberty) and are often resolved
during adolescence
- maturation of sexual interests
7. What stage of psychosocial development do infants face according to Erikson? What does
this stage look like?
Answer
- trust vs mistrust
- during the first year of life, infants learn to trust when they are cared for in a consistent warm
manner
8. What stage of psychosocial development do toddlers face according to Erikson? What does
this stage look like?
Answer
- autonomy vs shame/doubt
- a toddler learns to exercise will and to do things independently; failure to do so causes shame
and doubt
9. What stage of psychosocial development do preschoolers face according to Erikson? What
does this stage look like?
Answer
- initiative vs guilt
- child finds independence in planning, playing and other activities; gains ability to carry out a
plan
10. What stage of psychosocial development do school aged children face according to
Erikson? What does this stage look like?
, Answer
- industry vs inferiority
- child learns to be productive; ability to learn new tasks
11. What stage of psychosocial development do adolescents face according to Erikson? What
does this stage look like?
Answer
- identity vs role confusion
- Erikson's stage during which teenagers and young adults search for and become their true
selves; ability to form a stable identity
12. What is Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development? What stages is it made up of (4)?
Answer
- Each activity/cognitive development occurs in sequence
- Birth to 2 years - Sensorimotor
- 2-7 years - Preoperational
- 7-11 years - Concrete Operations
- 11-15 years - Formal Operations
13. What is the first stage of cognitive development according to PIaget?When does this stage
last and what does it look like?
Answer
- Sensorimotor stage
- Birth to 2 years
- infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
14. What is the second stage of cognitive development according to Piaget? How long does
this stage last and what does it look like?
Answer
- preoperational stage
- 2-7 years
