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Samenvatting Hoofdstuk 6 inleiding tot biochemische processen

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Samenvatting Hoofdstuk 6 van het vak Chemie en Inleiding tot de biochemische processen. Dit omvat lesnotities, samengevatte cursus.

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February 7, 2020
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H6: Lipiden en cellulaire membranen

6.1 Inleiding

 Lipiden als brandstof, energie opslaan of bescheming en
isolatie
 Onderdeel cellulaire membraan: bv plasmamembraan



6.2 De fosfolipiden

 Glycerfosfolipiden met glycerol als alcoholbouwsteen
 Sfingolipiden met sfingosine als alcoholbouwsteen
 Amfifiel karakter (zowel polair als apolair)

6.2.1 De glycerofosfolipiden

 Glycerol (=glycerolruggengraat) + acylketen (VZketen) + hydroxylgroep met fosfaat dat
veresterd is met polair alcohol






Acylketen (rood kater) afk uit VZ


 VZ zijn carbonzuren met carboxylgroep en lange Cketens
 Acylketens steeds onvertakt en even aantal Catomen
 Indien verestering vh glycerol doorgaat met onverzadigd VZ zijn dubbele bindingen
aanwezig
 Dubbele binding: steeds cis

,  Middelste C2 atoom is chiraal
 Altijd L
 Glycerofosfolipiden verschillen in X-groep
 Indien fosfaat groep niet verder veresterd (X=H): fosfatidinezuur of fosfatidaat
 Meestal draagt fosfaatgroep sterk polair substituent: choline, serine, ethanolamine of
inositol
 Fosfatidylserine (PS); fosfatidylcholine (PC); fosfatidylethanolamine (PE) en
fosfatidylinositol (PI)
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