CLINICAL LAB FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPLOAD 2024/2025 BEST COMPLETE SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS RANKED A+ FOR PASS
Pre-renal proteinuria - CORRECT ANSWERS High protein concentration in urine caused by
plasma cell malignancy
Glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, DM, pre-eclampsia - CORRECT ANSWERS 4 renal
causes of proteinuria
Pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 4 causes of post renal
proteinuria
Dilute or acidic urine - CORRECT ANSWERS What characteristics can give false negatives of
proteinuria?
Medication, contamination, alkaline urine - CORRECT ANSWERS What characteristics can
cause a false positive for proteinuria
Glucosuria - CORRECT ANSWERS DM, pregnancy, Cushing's Syndrome, Liver/pancreatic
disease, and impaired tubular reabsorption can cause ______
DKA, low carb intake, vomiting/diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWERS Causes of positive ketone
result in urinalysis
Burns, exercise, cystitis, trauma, renal lithiasis - CORRECT ANSWERS Causes of
hemoglobinuria
MI or crushing injuries - CORRECT ANSWERS Causes of myoglobinurina
UTI - CORRECT ANSWERS Elevated nitrites in UA indicate _____
Nitrite will be negative - CORRECT ANSWERS How do you rule out UTI if leukocyte esterase
is elevated in UA?
,CLINICAL LAB FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPLOAD 2024/2025 BEST COMPLETE SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS RANKED A+ FOR PASS
1.002-1.040 - CORRECT ANSWERS Normal range of specific gravity
Diabetes insipidus, hypertensive damage, chronic renal failure - CORRECT ANSWERS Low
specific gravity in UA can indicate _____
Osmolality - CORRECT ANSWERS What measurement is more accurate than specific gravity
for urine concentration and is the first lab sign of tubular dysfunction?
300-900 - CORRECT ANSWERS Normal range for urine osmolality (mOsm/kg)
Squamous epithelial cells - CORRECT ANSWERS What type of cell is indicative of a
contaminated sample? (Not a clean catch)
Uric Acid - CORRECT ANSWERS Yellow to reddish-brown with irregular shapes: rosettes,
prisms, rhomboids
Amorphous Crystals - CORRECT ANSWERS
Calcium Oxalate - CORRECT ANSWERS Colorless octahedrons that resemble envelopes seen
in ethylene glycol poisoning (antifreeze) or kidney stones
Triple Phosphate - CORRECT ANSWERS Colorless prisms may be seen with UTIs that have
alkaline pH
Calcium Phosphate - CORRECT ANSWERS Large flat plates or wedge prisms
Cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWERS Rectangular plates with notches in corners that can
indicate nephrotic syndrome
1-3 Days - CORRECT ANSWERS Lab turnaround time for routine tests
,CLINICAL LAB FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPLOAD 2024/2025 BEST COMPLETE SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS RANKED A+ FOR PASS
1-2 hours - CORRECT ANSWERS Lab turnaround time for priority tests
30-60 minutes - CORRECT ANSWERS Lab turnaround time for STAT tests
Quality control and training - CORRECT ANSWERS What are the challenges of point of care
testing?
Critical Lab Value - CORRECT ANSWERS Any test result that may require rapid clinical
attention to avert significant patient morbidity or mortality and prompts verbal notification
of test results to Pt
Specificity - CORRECT ANSWERS The ability of a test to correctly exclude individuals who do
not have a given disease or condition
Sensitivity - CORRECT ANSWERS The ability of a test to correctly identify individuals who
have a given disease or condition
RBC/WBC count - CORRECT ANSWERS A needle smaller than 22 gauge can cause hemolysis.
What results would be lower than normal?
Blood bank storage - CORRECT ANSWERS Purpose of using a red top vacutainer
Serum - CORRECT ANSWERS Specimen type of tiger top/gold top vacutainer
Clotting factors - CORRECT ANSWERS Target of light blue vacutainer
Sodium citrate anticoagulant - CORRECT ANSWERS Chemical in light blue vacutainers
, CLINICAL LAB FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPLOAD 2024/2025 BEST COMPLETE SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS RANKED A+ FOR PASS
Plasma; CBC - CORRECT ANSWERS What is the specimen type of lavender vacutainers?
What test can be ordered?
Trace Metals - CORRECT ANSWERS Target of royal blue vacutainers
Glucose - CORRECT ANSWERS Target of gray vacutainers
Lactate, creatinine, potassium, WBC count - CORRECT ANSWERS What all is increased by
strenuous exercise and may affect a blood sample?
Emotional stress - CORRECT ANSWERS What may falsely increase WBC count?
Lowers WBC, RBC, and platelet count - CORRECT ANSWERS What affect does clotting have
on specimen?
Serum potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, lactate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase -
CORRECT ANSWERS What components will be elevated when specimen is hemolyzed?
Clerical - CORRECT ANSWERS What type of error is more likely to cause incorrect results?
Clerical or technical
Muscle Mass - CORRECT ANSWERS Relative factor of GFR value
>20:1 - CORRECT ANSWERS Prerenal BUN:Cr ratio
10-20:1 - CORRECT ANSWERS Normal or postrenal BUN:Cr ratio
<10:1 - CORRECT ANSWERS Intrarenal BUN:Cr ratio
LATEST UPLOAD 2024/2025 BEST COMPLETE SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS RANKED A+ FOR PASS
Pre-renal proteinuria - CORRECT ANSWERS High protein concentration in urine caused by
plasma cell malignancy
Glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, DM, pre-eclampsia - CORRECT ANSWERS 4 renal
causes of proteinuria
Pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis - CORRECT ANSWERS 4 causes of post renal
proteinuria
Dilute or acidic urine - CORRECT ANSWERS What characteristics can give false negatives of
proteinuria?
Medication, contamination, alkaline urine - CORRECT ANSWERS What characteristics can
cause a false positive for proteinuria
Glucosuria - CORRECT ANSWERS DM, pregnancy, Cushing's Syndrome, Liver/pancreatic
disease, and impaired tubular reabsorption can cause ______
DKA, low carb intake, vomiting/diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWERS Causes of positive ketone
result in urinalysis
Burns, exercise, cystitis, trauma, renal lithiasis - CORRECT ANSWERS Causes of
hemoglobinuria
MI or crushing injuries - CORRECT ANSWERS Causes of myoglobinurina
UTI - CORRECT ANSWERS Elevated nitrites in UA indicate _____
Nitrite will be negative - CORRECT ANSWERS How do you rule out UTI if leukocyte esterase
is elevated in UA?
,CLINICAL LAB FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPLOAD 2024/2025 BEST COMPLETE SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS RANKED A+ FOR PASS
1.002-1.040 - CORRECT ANSWERS Normal range of specific gravity
Diabetes insipidus, hypertensive damage, chronic renal failure - CORRECT ANSWERS Low
specific gravity in UA can indicate _____
Osmolality - CORRECT ANSWERS What measurement is more accurate than specific gravity
for urine concentration and is the first lab sign of tubular dysfunction?
300-900 - CORRECT ANSWERS Normal range for urine osmolality (mOsm/kg)
Squamous epithelial cells - CORRECT ANSWERS What type of cell is indicative of a
contaminated sample? (Not a clean catch)
Uric Acid - CORRECT ANSWERS Yellow to reddish-brown with irregular shapes: rosettes,
prisms, rhomboids
Amorphous Crystals - CORRECT ANSWERS
Calcium Oxalate - CORRECT ANSWERS Colorless octahedrons that resemble envelopes seen
in ethylene glycol poisoning (antifreeze) or kidney stones
Triple Phosphate - CORRECT ANSWERS Colorless prisms may be seen with UTIs that have
alkaline pH
Calcium Phosphate - CORRECT ANSWERS Large flat plates or wedge prisms
Cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWERS Rectangular plates with notches in corners that can
indicate nephrotic syndrome
1-3 Days - CORRECT ANSWERS Lab turnaround time for routine tests
,CLINICAL LAB FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPLOAD 2024/2025 BEST COMPLETE SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS RANKED A+ FOR PASS
1-2 hours - CORRECT ANSWERS Lab turnaround time for priority tests
30-60 minutes - CORRECT ANSWERS Lab turnaround time for STAT tests
Quality control and training - CORRECT ANSWERS What are the challenges of point of care
testing?
Critical Lab Value - CORRECT ANSWERS Any test result that may require rapid clinical
attention to avert significant patient morbidity or mortality and prompts verbal notification
of test results to Pt
Specificity - CORRECT ANSWERS The ability of a test to correctly exclude individuals who do
not have a given disease or condition
Sensitivity - CORRECT ANSWERS The ability of a test to correctly identify individuals who
have a given disease or condition
RBC/WBC count - CORRECT ANSWERS A needle smaller than 22 gauge can cause hemolysis.
What results would be lower than normal?
Blood bank storage - CORRECT ANSWERS Purpose of using a red top vacutainer
Serum - CORRECT ANSWERS Specimen type of tiger top/gold top vacutainer
Clotting factors - CORRECT ANSWERS Target of light blue vacutainer
Sodium citrate anticoagulant - CORRECT ANSWERS Chemical in light blue vacutainers
, CLINICAL LAB FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST UPLOAD 2024/2025 BEST COMPLETE SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS RANKED A+ FOR PASS
Plasma; CBC - CORRECT ANSWERS What is the specimen type of lavender vacutainers?
What test can be ordered?
Trace Metals - CORRECT ANSWERS Target of royal blue vacutainers
Glucose - CORRECT ANSWERS Target of gray vacutainers
Lactate, creatinine, potassium, WBC count - CORRECT ANSWERS What all is increased by
strenuous exercise and may affect a blood sample?
Emotional stress - CORRECT ANSWERS What may falsely increase WBC count?
Lowers WBC, RBC, and platelet count - CORRECT ANSWERS What affect does clotting have
on specimen?
Serum potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, lactate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase -
CORRECT ANSWERS What components will be elevated when specimen is hemolyzed?
Clerical - CORRECT ANSWERS What type of error is more likely to cause incorrect results?
Clerical or technical
Muscle Mass - CORRECT ANSWERS Relative factor of GFR value
>20:1 - CORRECT ANSWERS Prerenal BUN:Cr ratio
10-20:1 - CORRECT ANSWERS Normal or postrenal BUN:Cr ratio
<10:1 - CORRECT ANSWERS Intrarenal BUN:Cr ratio
