NUR256 ECPI EXAM 2 (ELECTROLYTES,
ABGS) QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
What dietary guideline would be appropriate for the older adult homebound client with
advanced respiratory disease who informs the nurse that she has no energy to eat? -
Answer-Eat smaller meals that are high in protein.
(patients should have sufficient caloric/protein intake for respiratory muscle strength)
Spo2 levels >94% indicates: - Answer-adequate tissue perfusion
A patient with an increased anteroposterior chest diameter, dyspnea, and nasal flaring.
The most appropriate nursing diagnosis is: - Answer-Ineffective Breathing Pattern
related to hyperventilation related to increased anteroposterior chest diameter
Which diagnostic procedure measures lung size and airway patency, producing graphic
representations of lung volumes and flows? - Answer-pulmonary function tests
Metabolic acidosis - Answer-low ph <7.35
Low HCO3 <22
Normal paco2 (35-45)
Metabolic alkalosis - Answer-HIGH ph >7.45
HIGH HCO3 >26
Normal paco2 (35-45)
Respiratory acidosis - Answer-low ph <7.35
Normal HCO3 (22-26)
HIGH CO2 >45
Respiratory alkalosis - Answer-HIGH ph >7.45
Normal HCO3 (22-26)
Low CO2 <35
Paco2 - Answer-partial pressure of carbon dioxide in atrial blood
Lung function
Hyperventilation <35
Hypoventilation >45
HCO3- - Answer-bicarbonate (hydrogen carbonate)
Kidney function
<22 M. Acidosis
>26 M. Alkalosis
, Uncompensated - Answer-ph + one other value is abnormal
Compensated - Answer-ph is normal + other two values are abnormal
Partially compensated - Answer-All values are abnormal
Older adult P is visibly pale;
RR of 30 bpm;
States: "I can't seem to catch my breath."
Nurse has repositioned the P
Pulse oximetry 90%.
N should interpret this oxygen saturation reading in light of the client's: - Answer-
hemoglobin levels
(Pulse oximetry readings are reflective of the number of available oxygen receptors on
hemoglobin molecules. Low hemoglobin can cause high reading)
Normal cardiac output averages from: - Answer-3.5 L/minute to 8.0 L/minute.
If a P has cardiac output of 2.5 L/min, what symptom may the N anticipate? - Answer-
rapid respirations
(low circulating blood = low oxygenation = compensation to increase oxygenation)
How would you assess tissue oxygenation on a P that has a compromised
cardiopulmonary system? - Answer-arterial blood gas
Arterial blood gases (abgs) - Answer-oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Bicarbonate
Ph
What does a normal pulse oximetry reading indicate? - Answer-the patient's available
hemoglobin is adequately saturated with oxygen
What is the normal ph of blood? - Answer-7.35-7.45
What does a ph of >7.45 indicate? - Answer-alkalosis
What does a ph <7.35 indicate? - Answer-acidosis
R.O.M.E. - Answer-Respiratory Opposite
Metabolic Equal
What is the function of water in the body? - Answer-1. Medium for metabolic reactions
2. Transportation system of the body
3. Facilitator of body part movement
ABGS) QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
What dietary guideline would be appropriate for the older adult homebound client with
advanced respiratory disease who informs the nurse that she has no energy to eat? -
Answer-Eat smaller meals that are high in protein.
(patients should have sufficient caloric/protein intake for respiratory muscle strength)
Spo2 levels >94% indicates: - Answer-adequate tissue perfusion
A patient with an increased anteroposterior chest diameter, dyspnea, and nasal flaring.
The most appropriate nursing diagnosis is: - Answer-Ineffective Breathing Pattern
related to hyperventilation related to increased anteroposterior chest diameter
Which diagnostic procedure measures lung size and airway patency, producing graphic
representations of lung volumes and flows? - Answer-pulmonary function tests
Metabolic acidosis - Answer-low ph <7.35
Low HCO3 <22
Normal paco2 (35-45)
Metabolic alkalosis - Answer-HIGH ph >7.45
HIGH HCO3 >26
Normal paco2 (35-45)
Respiratory acidosis - Answer-low ph <7.35
Normal HCO3 (22-26)
HIGH CO2 >45
Respiratory alkalosis - Answer-HIGH ph >7.45
Normal HCO3 (22-26)
Low CO2 <35
Paco2 - Answer-partial pressure of carbon dioxide in atrial blood
Lung function
Hyperventilation <35
Hypoventilation >45
HCO3- - Answer-bicarbonate (hydrogen carbonate)
Kidney function
<22 M. Acidosis
>26 M. Alkalosis
, Uncompensated - Answer-ph + one other value is abnormal
Compensated - Answer-ph is normal + other two values are abnormal
Partially compensated - Answer-All values are abnormal
Older adult P is visibly pale;
RR of 30 bpm;
States: "I can't seem to catch my breath."
Nurse has repositioned the P
Pulse oximetry 90%.
N should interpret this oxygen saturation reading in light of the client's: - Answer-
hemoglobin levels
(Pulse oximetry readings are reflective of the number of available oxygen receptors on
hemoglobin molecules. Low hemoglobin can cause high reading)
Normal cardiac output averages from: - Answer-3.5 L/minute to 8.0 L/minute.
If a P has cardiac output of 2.5 L/min, what symptom may the N anticipate? - Answer-
rapid respirations
(low circulating blood = low oxygenation = compensation to increase oxygenation)
How would you assess tissue oxygenation on a P that has a compromised
cardiopulmonary system? - Answer-arterial blood gas
Arterial blood gases (abgs) - Answer-oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Bicarbonate
Ph
What does a normal pulse oximetry reading indicate? - Answer-the patient's available
hemoglobin is adequately saturated with oxygen
What is the normal ph of blood? - Answer-7.35-7.45
What does a ph of >7.45 indicate? - Answer-alkalosis
What does a ph <7.35 indicate? - Answer-acidosis
R.O.M.E. - Answer-Respiratory Opposite
Metabolic Equal
What is the function of water in the body? - Answer-1. Medium for metabolic reactions
2. Transportation system of the body
3. Facilitator of body part movement
