Py 101 Exam 1 UA
Psychology - correct answer ✔The scientific study of how people think, feel,
and behave.
What psychology is not - correct answer ✔Psychobabble: talk shows
Pseudoscience: Astrology
Common Sense or Intuition
Critical Thinking - correct answer ✔to systematically question and evaluate
information using well-supported evidence
Amiable Skepticism - correct answer ✔openness to new ideas while still
evaluating the evidence
How to think critically - correct answer ✔Look for holes in evidence
Keep asking questions
Seeing relationships that do not exist - correct answer ✔correlation does not
equal causation
confirmation bias - correct answer ✔ignoring evidence
tendency to search for, interpret and recall information that supports what we
have already believed
hindsight bias - correct answer ✔"I knew it all along"
,mental shortcuts - correct answer ✔Availability heuristics (can lead to
inaccurate judgements or biased outcomes)
Legistics vs what we see
underestimating weaknesses - correct answer ✔People fail to see own
weaknessess
Goals of science - correct answer ✔description, explanation, prediction,
control
Scientific Method - correct answer ✔Systematic and dynamic procedure of
observing and measuring phenomenon
Theory - correct answer ✔explanation of phenomenon
must be falsifiable
Hypothesis - correct answer ✔Prediction based on theory
must be testable
research - correct answer ✔careful collection of data to test hyp (and theory)
Steps of the Scientific Method - correct answer ✔Frame a research Question
Conduct literature review
form Hypothesis
design a study
conduct the study
analyze data
, report results
A case for replication - correct answer ✔more replication = more confident in
results
Variable - correct answer ✔anything measured or manipulated in research
operational definition - correct answer ✔exact wording for how a variable is
measured or manipulated
definition that qualifies or quantifies
definition that describes exactly what was done to produce a phenomenon or
to measure some variable.
Tuskegee Syphilis Study - correct answer ✔Research study conducted by a
branch of the U.S. government, lasting for roughly 50 years (ending in the
1970s), in which a sample of African American men diagnosed with syphilis
were deliberately left untreated, without their knowledge, to learn about the
lifetime course of the disease.
Belmont Report - correct answer ✔created to provide guidelines for how to
conduct ethical research
respect for persons - correct answer ✔treat as autonomous agents
benficence - correct answer ✔maximize benefits and minimize harm
Justice - correct answer ✔benefits and burdens of research must be shared
fairly
Psychology - correct answer ✔The scientific study of how people think, feel,
and behave.
What psychology is not - correct answer ✔Psychobabble: talk shows
Pseudoscience: Astrology
Common Sense or Intuition
Critical Thinking - correct answer ✔to systematically question and evaluate
information using well-supported evidence
Amiable Skepticism - correct answer ✔openness to new ideas while still
evaluating the evidence
How to think critically - correct answer ✔Look for holes in evidence
Keep asking questions
Seeing relationships that do not exist - correct answer ✔correlation does not
equal causation
confirmation bias - correct answer ✔ignoring evidence
tendency to search for, interpret and recall information that supports what we
have already believed
hindsight bias - correct answer ✔"I knew it all along"
,mental shortcuts - correct answer ✔Availability heuristics (can lead to
inaccurate judgements or biased outcomes)
Legistics vs what we see
underestimating weaknesses - correct answer ✔People fail to see own
weaknessess
Goals of science - correct answer ✔description, explanation, prediction,
control
Scientific Method - correct answer ✔Systematic and dynamic procedure of
observing and measuring phenomenon
Theory - correct answer ✔explanation of phenomenon
must be falsifiable
Hypothesis - correct answer ✔Prediction based on theory
must be testable
research - correct answer ✔careful collection of data to test hyp (and theory)
Steps of the Scientific Method - correct answer ✔Frame a research Question
Conduct literature review
form Hypothesis
design a study
conduct the study
analyze data
, report results
A case for replication - correct answer ✔more replication = more confident in
results
Variable - correct answer ✔anything measured or manipulated in research
operational definition - correct answer ✔exact wording for how a variable is
measured or manipulated
definition that qualifies or quantifies
definition that describes exactly what was done to produce a phenomenon or
to measure some variable.
Tuskegee Syphilis Study - correct answer ✔Research study conducted by a
branch of the U.S. government, lasting for roughly 50 years (ending in the
1970s), in which a sample of African American men diagnosed with syphilis
were deliberately left untreated, without their knowledge, to learn about the
lifetime course of the disease.
Belmont Report - correct answer ✔created to provide guidelines for how to
conduct ethical research
respect for persons - correct answer ✔treat as autonomous agents
benficence - correct answer ✔maximize benefits and minimize harm
Justice - correct answer ✔benefits and burdens of research must be shared
fairly
