Body Fluids Midterm Exam – Urinalysis Test
Banks With Solutions
State possible reasons why a laboratory would reject a urine specimen. -Specimens in
unlabeled containers
-Nonmatching labels and requisition forms
-Specimens contaminated with feces or toilet paper
-Containers with contaminated exteriors
-Specimens of insufficient quantity
-Specimens that have been improperly transported
List changes that may take place in a urine specimen that remains at room temperature for more
than 2 hours. Increased: color, turbidity, pH, nitrite, bacteria, odor
Decreased: glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, RBCs, WBCs, casts
Discuss the actions of bacteria on an unpreserved urine specimen. Most problems are
caused by bacterial multiplication:
Decrease in clarity, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, mood cells, trichomonas
Increase in odor, pH, nitrile, bacteria
,Body Fluids Midterm Exam – Urinalysis Test
Banks With Solutions
Methods for preserving urine specimens -Routine is refrigeration at 2°C to 8°C
-Ideal chemical preservative is bactericidal: inhibits urease and preserves formed elements
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: random
-Most common type received
-Routine screening for obvious abnormalities
-May be collected at any time
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: first morning
-Ideal screening specimen
-More concentrated than a random specimen
-Use for orthostatic protein confirmation and urine pregnancy tests
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: fasting
specimen -Actually is second specimen voided, collected after the first morning specimen
-Recommended for glucose monitoring
,Body Fluids Midterm Exam – Urinalysis Test
Banks With Solutions
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: 24-h timed
-Carefully timed specimen will produce accurate quantitative results
-The patient must remain adequately hydrated during short collection period
-Good for diurnal variation solutes
-Accurate timing is critical for accurate results
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: 2 hour
postprandial -Collects specimen 2 hours after finishing meal
-Monitors insulin therapy
-Results can be compared with fasting urine specimen and blood test results
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: catheterized
-Sterile specimen collected from bladder with a hollow tube (catheter)
-Most common test is bacterial culture
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: midstream
clean-catch -Alternative to catheterized specimen
-Less contaminated than routine collection
, Body Fluids Midterm Exam – Urinalysis Test
Banks With Solutions
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: suprapubic
aspiration -Completely free of contamination for culture and cytology
-External introduction of needle for aspiration from the bladder
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: three-glass
collection for prostatitis
Container 1: first urine passed
Container 2: midstream urine
Massage prostate to obtain prostatic fluid
Container 3: remaining urine and fluid
if bacterial count is x10 higher in 3 and 2 is negative for culture, it's prostatitis
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: pediatric
-Soft, clear, plastic bags, with hypoallergenic tape applied to genital area
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: drug specimen
-Proper collection, labeling, and handling must be documented
Banks With Solutions
State possible reasons why a laboratory would reject a urine specimen. -Specimens in
unlabeled containers
-Nonmatching labels and requisition forms
-Specimens contaminated with feces or toilet paper
-Containers with contaminated exteriors
-Specimens of insufficient quantity
-Specimens that have been improperly transported
List changes that may take place in a urine specimen that remains at room temperature for more
than 2 hours. Increased: color, turbidity, pH, nitrite, bacteria, odor
Decreased: glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, RBCs, WBCs, casts
Discuss the actions of bacteria on an unpreserved urine specimen. Most problems are
caused by bacterial multiplication:
Decrease in clarity, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, mood cells, trichomonas
Increase in odor, pH, nitrile, bacteria
,Body Fluids Midterm Exam – Urinalysis Test
Banks With Solutions
Methods for preserving urine specimens -Routine is refrigeration at 2°C to 8°C
-Ideal chemical preservative is bactericidal: inhibits urease and preserves formed elements
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: random
-Most common type received
-Routine screening for obvious abnormalities
-May be collected at any time
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: first morning
-Ideal screening specimen
-More concentrated than a random specimen
-Use for orthostatic protein confirmation and urine pregnancy tests
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: fasting
specimen -Actually is second specimen voided, collected after the first morning specimen
-Recommended for glucose monitoring
,Body Fluids Midterm Exam – Urinalysis Test
Banks With Solutions
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: 24-h timed
-Carefully timed specimen will produce accurate quantitative results
-The patient must remain adequately hydrated during short collection period
-Good for diurnal variation solutes
-Accurate timing is critical for accurate results
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: 2 hour
postprandial -Collects specimen 2 hours after finishing meal
-Monitors insulin therapy
-Results can be compared with fasting urine specimen and blood test results
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: catheterized
-Sterile specimen collected from bladder with a hollow tube (catheter)
-Most common test is bacterial culture
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: midstream
clean-catch -Alternative to catheterized specimen
-Less contaminated than routine collection
, Body Fluids Midterm Exam – Urinalysis Test
Banks With Solutions
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: suprapubic
aspiration -Completely free of contamination for culture and cytology
-External introduction of needle for aspiration from the bladder
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: three-glass
collection for prostatitis
Container 1: first urine passed
Container 2: midstream urine
Massage prostate to obtain prostatic fluid
Container 3: remaining urine and fluid
if bacterial count is x10 higher in 3 and 2 is negative for culture, it's prostatitis
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: pediatric
-Soft, clear, plastic bags, with hypoallergenic tape applied to genital area
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following specimens: drug specimen
-Proper collection, labeling, and handling must be documented
