FNP 1 FINAL STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024

FNP 1 FINAL STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024 What are S/S of iron deficiency anemia? - ANSWER Microcytic/hypochromic anemia, presents with fatigue, SOB, PICA, soft spoon nails, cheilosis, sore tongue, and in children learning difficulties. PALLOR is late sign. May also be asymptomatic. Know labs are Low MCV, MCHC and HGB What are treatments for iron deficiency anemia? - ANSWER Fix the site of bleeding, give iron supplementation, recheck in about 3 months Risk factors for the development of iron deficiency anemia? - ANSWER Those with dietary restrictions or malabsorption issues, GI bleed, in children high amounts of cows milk, premature infants, exclusively breast feeding past 4-6 month What are contraindications to hormonal contraception or HRT? - ANSWER Clotting disorders, history of DVT or PE, migraine with aura or focal neurological deficit, uncontrolled HTN, smoking, active breast or uterine cancer, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, or liver disease What are the assessment findings in testicular torsion? How is it diagnosed? - ANSWER Pain in the testicle or abdomen, N/V, one testicle higher or at strange angle, swelling of scrotum. Diagnosed with physical exam, cremasteric reflex, and scrotal ultrasound What are common problems seen in Klinefelters? - ANSWER Sterile males, feminine characteristics, learning disabilities What are common problems seen in Down's Syndrome? - ANSWER Congenital heart disease, hirschprungs, duodenal atresia, imperforate anus, expressive language difficulty, delayed development What are common problems seen in Turner's Syndrome? - ANSWER Short statured, broad chested, often sterile or will need help to conceive, What is included in a functional geriatric assessment? - ANSWER Need to assess basic self cares (ADLs) can use Katz index. Also need to assess instrumental ADLs which indicate their ability for independent community living... can use Lawton-Brody scale for this How do you determine to use Progestin only vs combination HRT? - ANSWER Progestin only is useful in breastfeeding mothers. Can use estrogen only if local application. Unopposed systemic estrogen therapy not recommended due to risk of osteoporosis and worsening CV disease Absolute contraindications for systemic HRT? - ANSWER Pregnancy, VTE, Breast or liver cancer, high triglycerides Why is progesterone given in HRT? - ANSWER To prevent endometrial thickening which could potentially lead to endometrial cancers