Final Exam: GI Dysfunction NCLEX Questions with
correct answers
A 16 month old has a history of diarrhea for 3 days with poor oral
intake. He received IV fluids, has tolerated some oral fluids in the ED,
and is being discharged home. Instructions for diet for this child should
include
a. BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast) for 24 hours, then a
soft diet as tolerated
b. chicken or beef broth for 24 hours, then resume a soft diet
c. offer a regular diet as child's appetite warrants
d. keep on clear liquids and toast for 24 hours Correct Answer-c
A 5 month old is seen for a complaint of vomiting and failure to grow.
His birth weight was 7 pounds, and he now weighs 8 lbs 10 oz. The
mother reports that he is taking 4-7 ounces of formula every 4-5 hours,
but he "spits up a lot after eating and then is hungry again." The child is
noted to be alert but appears malnourished. The mother reports his stools
are very brown in color, and he has 1-2 bowel movements every day.
Based on these findings, the nurse anticipates the infant has
a. meckel diverticulum
b. hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
c. insussusception
d. hirschprung disease Correct Answer-b
,Because children with celiac disease must limit their intake of products
containing gluten in wheat, rye, oats, and barley, they are at risk for
which of the following nutritional deficiencies? Select all that apply
a. iron deficiency anemia
b. folic acid anemia
c. zinc deficiency
d. vitamin A, D, E, and K deficiency
e. vitamin B12 deficiency Correct Answer-a
b
d
What type of diarrhea is commonly seen in malabsorption syndromes
because the intestine cannot absorb nutrients or electrolytes?
a. Chronic
b. Secretory
c. Acute
d. Intractable diarrhea of infancy Correct Answer-a
What is the initial therapeutic management of the child with acute
diarrhea and dehydration?
a. Clear liquids such as fruit juice and soft drinks
,b. Adsorbents, such as kaolin and pectin
c. Oral rehydration solution
d. Antidiarrheal medications such as paregoric Correct Answer-c
A young child is brought to the emergency department with severe
dehydration secondary to acute diarrhea and vomiting. What is the
therapeutic management of this child?
a. Intravenous fluids
b. Oral rehydration solution
c. Clear liquids, 1 to 2 oz at a time
d. Administration of antidiarrheal medication Correct Answer-a
A 2-month-old breastfed infant is successfully rehydrated with oral
rehydration solutions for acute diarrhea. What instructions are include to
the mother specific to breastfeeding?
a. Continue breastfeeding.
b. Stop breastfeeding until the breast milk is cultured.
c. Stop breastfeeding until diarrhea is absent for 24 hr.
d. Express breast milk and dilute it with sterile water before feeding it.
Correct Answer-a
The nurse is explaining to a parent how to care for a child with vomiting
associated with a viral illness. What would the nurse include?
, a. Give nothing by mouth for 24 hr.
b. Avoid carbohydrate-containing liquids.
c. Brush teeth or rinse mouth after vomiting.
d. Give plain water until vomiting ceases for at least 24 hr. Correct
Answer-c
A 3-year-old child with Hirschsprung disease is hospitalized for surgery.
A temporary colostomy will be necessary. How should the nurse prepare
this child?
a. It is unnecessary because of childs age.
b. It is essential because it will be an adjustment.
c. Preparation is not needed because the colostomy is temporary.
d. Preparation is important because the child needs to deal with negative
body image. Correct Answer-b
A child has a nasogastric (NG) tube after surgery for Hirschsprung
disease. What is the purpose of the NG tube?
a. Prevent spread of infection.
b. Monitor electrolyte balance.
c. Prevent abdominal distention.
d. Maintain accurate record of output. Correct Answer-c
correct answers
A 16 month old has a history of diarrhea for 3 days with poor oral
intake. He received IV fluids, has tolerated some oral fluids in the ED,
and is being discharged home. Instructions for diet for this child should
include
a. BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast) for 24 hours, then a
soft diet as tolerated
b. chicken or beef broth for 24 hours, then resume a soft diet
c. offer a regular diet as child's appetite warrants
d. keep on clear liquids and toast for 24 hours Correct Answer-c
A 5 month old is seen for a complaint of vomiting and failure to grow.
His birth weight was 7 pounds, and he now weighs 8 lbs 10 oz. The
mother reports that he is taking 4-7 ounces of formula every 4-5 hours,
but he "spits up a lot after eating and then is hungry again." The child is
noted to be alert but appears malnourished. The mother reports his stools
are very brown in color, and he has 1-2 bowel movements every day.
Based on these findings, the nurse anticipates the infant has
a. meckel diverticulum
b. hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
c. insussusception
d. hirschprung disease Correct Answer-b
,Because children with celiac disease must limit their intake of products
containing gluten in wheat, rye, oats, and barley, they are at risk for
which of the following nutritional deficiencies? Select all that apply
a. iron deficiency anemia
b. folic acid anemia
c. zinc deficiency
d. vitamin A, D, E, and K deficiency
e. vitamin B12 deficiency Correct Answer-a
b
d
What type of diarrhea is commonly seen in malabsorption syndromes
because the intestine cannot absorb nutrients or electrolytes?
a. Chronic
b. Secretory
c. Acute
d. Intractable diarrhea of infancy Correct Answer-a
What is the initial therapeutic management of the child with acute
diarrhea and dehydration?
a. Clear liquids such as fruit juice and soft drinks
,b. Adsorbents, such as kaolin and pectin
c. Oral rehydration solution
d. Antidiarrheal medications such as paregoric Correct Answer-c
A young child is brought to the emergency department with severe
dehydration secondary to acute diarrhea and vomiting. What is the
therapeutic management of this child?
a. Intravenous fluids
b. Oral rehydration solution
c. Clear liquids, 1 to 2 oz at a time
d. Administration of antidiarrheal medication Correct Answer-a
A 2-month-old breastfed infant is successfully rehydrated with oral
rehydration solutions for acute diarrhea. What instructions are include to
the mother specific to breastfeeding?
a. Continue breastfeeding.
b. Stop breastfeeding until the breast milk is cultured.
c. Stop breastfeeding until diarrhea is absent for 24 hr.
d. Express breast milk and dilute it with sterile water before feeding it.
Correct Answer-a
The nurse is explaining to a parent how to care for a child with vomiting
associated with a viral illness. What would the nurse include?
, a. Give nothing by mouth for 24 hr.
b. Avoid carbohydrate-containing liquids.
c. Brush teeth or rinse mouth after vomiting.
d. Give plain water until vomiting ceases for at least 24 hr. Correct
Answer-c
A 3-year-old child with Hirschsprung disease is hospitalized for surgery.
A temporary colostomy will be necessary. How should the nurse prepare
this child?
a. It is unnecessary because of childs age.
b. It is essential because it will be an adjustment.
c. Preparation is not needed because the colostomy is temporary.
d. Preparation is important because the child needs to deal with negative
body image. Correct Answer-b
A child has a nasogastric (NG) tube after surgery for Hirschsprung
disease. What is the purpose of the NG tube?
a. Prevent spread of infection.
b. Monitor electrolyte balance.
c. Prevent abdominal distention.
d. Maintain accurate record of output. Correct Answer-c
