NUR 325 Exam 7
1. Which pathophysiologic processes occur in diabetic ketoacidosis? Select all that apply.
a. Decreased lipolysis
b. Increased serum pH
c. Increased fatty acids
d. Increased glyconeogenesis
e. Increased hormonal levels, including cortisol levels
Answer
c. Increased fatty acids
d. Increased glyconeogenesis
e. Increased hormonal levels, including cortisol levels
2. The health care provider (HCP) teaches an individual with type 1 diabetes mellitus about
recurrent infections. Which statement indicates that teaching was successful?
A. "My immune system has become overactive.
B. "My pancreas became infected and is damaged."
C. "Sugar in the blood provides nutrition for bacteria
D. "Insulin is needed to kill both bacteria and viruses."
Answer
C. "Sugar in the blood provides nutrition for bacteria
3. Two individuals, one with type 1 diabetes mellitus and one with type 2, have polydipsia,
polyphagia, and polyuria. The health care provider (HCP) would interpret these findings as
which condition?
A. Both have hyperglycemia.
B. Both have an acute illness.
C. Both have too much insulin.
D. Both have pancreatic necrosis.
Answer
A. Both have hyperglycemia.
4. The health care provider (HCP) would monitor an individual with diabetes and
microvascular disease for which conditions? Select all that apply.
,A. Stroke
B. Neuropathy
C. Retinopathy
D. Nephropathy
E. Coronary artery disease
F. Peripheral vascular disease
Answer
B. Neuropathy
C. Retinopathy
D. Nephropathy
5. The health care provider (HCP) teaches a pregnant individual about gestational diabetes.
Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "After I have the baby, this will go away permanently."
B. "I will need to be evaluated closely for type 2 diabetes."
C. "The baby is affected if my blood glucose levels are high."
D. "I will most likely develop gestational diabetes again for my next pregnancy."
Answer
A. "After I have the baby, this will go away permanently."
6. The health care provider (HCP) teaches the staff about the effects of ad- vanced glycation
end products (AGEs) in individuals with diabetes. Which statement from the staff indicates
teaching was effective?
A. "AGEs increase tissue injury."
B. "AGEs decrease platelet adhesion."
C. "AGEs increase ketoacid formation."
D. "AGEs reduce chronic complications."
Answer
A. "AGEs increase tissue injury."
7. Which individual meets the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus?
A. An individual with a glycosylated hemoglobin of 5.5%
B. An individual with a fasting blood glucose of 128 mg/dL
,C. An individual with a random serum glucose of 197 mg/dL
D. An individual with a serum glucose of 185 mg/dL two hours after taking 75 grams of
glucose
Answer
B. An individual with a fasting blood glucose of 128 mg/dL
8. Which condition results in hormone deficiency from lack of ACTH,TSH, FSH, and LH?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Graves disease
C. Panhypopituitarism
D. Hypoparathyroidism
Answer
C. Panhypopituitarism
9. Which information would the health care provider (HCP) include when teaching staff
about the two mechanisms responsible for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus?
A. Insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction
B. Ketone formation and nonenzymatic glycation
C. Insulin deficiency and autosomal dominant mutations
D. Pancreatic enzyme deficiency and autoantibody production
Answer
A. Insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction
10. Which clinical manifestations will alert the health care provider (HCP) that an individual
with type 1 diabetes is experiencing hypoglycemia? Select all that apply.
A. Coma
B. Confusion
C. Diaphoresis
D. Tachycardia
E. Ketoacidosis
F. Kussmaul respirations
Answer
A. Coma
, B. Confusion
C. Diaphoresis
D. Tachycardia
11. Which disease characteristics would the health care provider (HCP) include when
teaching a community group about type 1 diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply.
A. Individuals are prone to diabetic ketoacidosis.
B. This type of diabetes results in insulin dependence.
C. Most individuals are diagnosed before 30 years of age.
D. It often is associated with dyslipidemia and hypertension.
E. The genetic abnormality is an autosomal dominant gene mutation.
Answer
A. Individuals are prone to diabetic ketoacidosis.
B. This type of diabetes results in insulin dependence.
C. Most individuals are diagnosed before 30 years of age.
12. Which treatments would the health care provider (HCP) include when teaching an
individual diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply.
A. Meal planning
B. Insulin therapy
C. Exercise schedule
D. C-peptide supplements
E. Oral hypoglycemic drugs
Answer
A. Meal planning
B. Insulin therapy
C. Exercise schedule
13. Which information would the health care provider (HCP) include when teaching the staff
about metabolic mechanisms that contribute to chronic complications of diabetes
mellitus? Select all that apply.
A. Polyol pathway
B. Protein kinase C
C. Hexosamine pathway
D. Nonenzymatic glycation
1. Which pathophysiologic processes occur in diabetic ketoacidosis? Select all that apply.
a. Decreased lipolysis
b. Increased serum pH
c. Increased fatty acids
d. Increased glyconeogenesis
e. Increased hormonal levels, including cortisol levels
Answer
c. Increased fatty acids
d. Increased glyconeogenesis
e. Increased hormonal levels, including cortisol levels
2. The health care provider (HCP) teaches an individual with type 1 diabetes mellitus about
recurrent infections. Which statement indicates that teaching was successful?
A. "My immune system has become overactive.
B. "My pancreas became infected and is damaged."
C. "Sugar in the blood provides nutrition for bacteria
D. "Insulin is needed to kill both bacteria and viruses."
Answer
C. "Sugar in the blood provides nutrition for bacteria
3. Two individuals, one with type 1 diabetes mellitus and one with type 2, have polydipsia,
polyphagia, and polyuria. The health care provider (HCP) would interpret these findings as
which condition?
A. Both have hyperglycemia.
B. Both have an acute illness.
C. Both have too much insulin.
D. Both have pancreatic necrosis.
Answer
A. Both have hyperglycemia.
4. The health care provider (HCP) would monitor an individual with diabetes and
microvascular disease for which conditions? Select all that apply.
,A. Stroke
B. Neuropathy
C. Retinopathy
D. Nephropathy
E. Coronary artery disease
F. Peripheral vascular disease
Answer
B. Neuropathy
C. Retinopathy
D. Nephropathy
5. The health care provider (HCP) teaches a pregnant individual about gestational diabetes.
Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "After I have the baby, this will go away permanently."
B. "I will need to be evaluated closely for type 2 diabetes."
C. "The baby is affected if my blood glucose levels are high."
D. "I will most likely develop gestational diabetes again for my next pregnancy."
Answer
A. "After I have the baby, this will go away permanently."
6. The health care provider (HCP) teaches the staff about the effects of ad- vanced glycation
end products (AGEs) in individuals with diabetes. Which statement from the staff indicates
teaching was effective?
A. "AGEs increase tissue injury."
B. "AGEs decrease platelet adhesion."
C. "AGEs increase ketoacid formation."
D. "AGEs reduce chronic complications."
Answer
A. "AGEs increase tissue injury."
7. Which individual meets the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus?
A. An individual with a glycosylated hemoglobin of 5.5%
B. An individual with a fasting blood glucose of 128 mg/dL
,C. An individual with a random serum glucose of 197 mg/dL
D. An individual with a serum glucose of 185 mg/dL two hours after taking 75 grams of
glucose
Answer
B. An individual with a fasting blood glucose of 128 mg/dL
8. Which condition results in hormone deficiency from lack of ACTH,TSH, FSH, and LH?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Graves disease
C. Panhypopituitarism
D. Hypoparathyroidism
Answer
C. Panhypopituitarism
9. Which information would the health care provider (HCP) include when teaching staff
about the two mechanisms responsible for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus?
A. Insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction
B. Ketone formation and nonenzymatic glycation
C. Insulin deficiency and autosomal dominant mutations
D. Pancreatic enzyme deficiency and autoantibody production
Answer
A. Insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction
10. Which clinical manifestations will alert the health care provider (HCP) that an individual
with type 1 diabetes is experiencing hypoglycemia? Select all that apply.
A. Coma
B. Confusion
C. Diaphoresis
D. Tachycardia
E. Ketoacidosis
F. Kussmaul respirations
Answer
A. Coma
, B. Confusion
C. Diaphoresis
D. Tachycardia
11. Which disease characteristics would the health care provider (HCP) include when
teaching a community group about type 1 diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply.
A. Individuals are prone to diabetic ketoacidosis.
B. This type of diabetes results in insulin dependence.
C. Most individuals are diagnosed before 30 years of age.
D. It often is associated with dyslipidemia and hypertension.
E. The genetic abnormality is an autosomal dominant gene mutation.
Answer
A. Individuals are prone to diabetic ketoacidosis.
B. This type of diabetes results in insulin dependence.
C. Most individuals are diagnosed before 30 years of age.
12. Which treatments would the health care provider (HCP) include when teaching an
individual diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply.
A. Meal planning
B. Insulin therapy
C. Exercise schedule
D. C-peptide supplements
E. Oral hypoglycemic drugs
Answer
A. Meal planning
B. Insulin therapy
C. Exercise schedule
13. Which information would the health care provider (HCP) include when teaching the staff
about metabolic mechanisms that contribute to chronic complications of diabetes
mellitus? Select all that apply.
A. Polyol pathway
B. Protein kinase C
C. Hexosamine pathway
D. Nonenzymatic glycation
