DNA Repair, PCR, and DNA Sequencing Overview Questions and Answers
Excision Repair - Answers Repair mechanism removing damaged DNA segments.
Mismatch Repair - Answers Corrects mismatched bases in newly synthesized DNA.
Double-Strand Break - Answers Severe DNA damage requiring specialized repair mechanisms.
NHEJ - Answers Error-prone repair of double-strand breaks.
HDR - Answers Accurate repair using homologous DNA as template.
Base-Excision Repair - Answers Corrects single damaged bases in DNA.
Nucleotide-Excision Repair - Answers Repairs damage spanning multiple DNA bases.
Restriction Endonucleases - Answers Enzymes cleaving DNA at specific sequences.
Sticky Ends - Answers Overhanging ends of DNA after cleavage.
Blunt Ends - Answers Straight cut ends of DNA after cleavage.
Molecular Cloning - Answers Techniques to create populations of recombinant DNA.
Sanger Sequencing - Answers Method using ddNTPs to determine DNA sequences.
dideoxynucleosides - Answers Chain-terminating nucleotides used in sequencing.
Plasmid Vector - Answers DNA molecule used to clone foreign DNA.
DNA Polymerase - Answers Enzyme synthesizing new DNA strands.
RNA Primer - Answers Short RNA segment initiating DNA synthesis.
dNTPs - Answers Building blocks for DNA synthesis (dATP, dTTP, etc.).
Gel Electrophoresis - Answers Technique for separating DNA fragments by size.
Transgenic Models - Answers Organisms engineered to carry foreign genes.
Gene Therapy - Answers Treatment method delivering genes to correct disorders.
Thymine Dimer - Answers DNA damage caused by UV light.
Cancer - Answers Disease characterized by uncontrolled cell division.
PCR - Answers Technique amplifying specific DNA sequences.
DNA Template - Answers Strand serving as a guide for synthesis.
Excision Repair - Answers Repair mechanism removing damaged DNA segments.
Mismatch Repair - Answers Corrects mismatched bases in newly synthesized DNA.
Double-Strand Break - Answers Severe DNA damage requiring specialized repair mechanisms.
NHEJ - Answers Error-prone repair of double-strand breaks.
HDR - Answers Accurate repair using homologous DNA as template.
Base-Excision Repair - Answers Corrects single damaged bases in DNA.
Nucleotide-Excision Repair - Answers Repairs damage spanning multiple DNA bases.
Restriction Endonucleases - Answers Enzymes cleaving DNA at specific sequences.
Sticky Ends - Answers Overhanging ends of DNA after cleavage.
Blunt Ends - Answers Straight cut ends of DNA after cleavage.
Molecular Cloning - Answers Techniques to create populations of recombinant DNA.
Sanger Sequencing - Answers Method using ddNTPs to determine DNA sequences.
dideoxynucleosides - Answers Chain-terminating nucleotides used in sequencing.
Plasmid Vector - Answers DNA molecule used to clone foreign DNA.
DNA Polymerase - Answers Enzyme synthesizing new DNA strands.
RNA Primer - Answers Short RNA segment initiating DNA synthesis.
dNTPs - Answers Building blocks for DNA synthesis (dATP, dTTP, etc.).
Gel Electrophoresis - Answers Technique for separating DNA fragments by size.
Transgenic Models - Answers Organisms engineered to carry foreign genes.
Gene Therapy - Answers Treatment method delivering genes to correct disorders.
Thymine Dimer - Answers DNA damage caused by UV light.
Cancer - Answers Disease characterized by uncontrolled cell division.
PCR - Answers Technique amplifying specific DNA sequences.
DNA Template - Answers Strand serving as a guide for synthesis.
