DNA Sequencing and Recombinant DNA Technology Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed
DNA Cloning - Answers Process of creating copies of DNA fragments.
DNA Sequencing - Answers Determining the nucleotide sequence of DNA.
DNA Polymerases - Answers Enzymes that synthesize DNA by adding nucleotides.
Helicases - Answers Enzymes that separate DNA strands for replication.
Topoisomerases - Answers Enzymes that relieve DNA supercoiling tension.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) - Answers Technique to amplify specific DNA sequences.
Denaturation - Answers Heating DNA to separate strands at 92-95°C.
Annealing - Answers Primers bind to complementary DNA sequences.
Extension - Answers Taq polymerase extends DNA at 3' end.
dNTPs - Answers Free nucleotides used in DNA synthesis.
5' to 3' Direction - Answers Direction of DNA polymerization and synthesis.
Sanger Sequencing - Answers Method using dideoxynucleotides to terminate DNA synthesis.
Dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) - Answers Chain terminators preventing further DNA polymerization.
Polyacrylamide Gel - Answers Medium for separating DNA fragments by size.
Chromatogram - Answers Graphical representation of DNA sequencing results.
Recombinant DNA Technology - Answers Techniques for combining DNA from different sources.
Restriction Enzymes - Answers Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences.
Vectors - Answers DNA molecules used to transfer genetic material.
Bacterial Plasmids - Answers Circular DNA used as vectors in cloning.
Bacteriophages - Answers Viruses that infect bacteria, used in cloning.
Cosmids - Answers Plasmids containing phage lambda sequences for packaging.
Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) - Answers Vector for cloning large DNA fragments.
DNA Template - Answers Original DNA strand used for replication or sequencing.
Optimized Buffer - Answers Solution containing MgCl2 for enzyme activity.
DNA Cloning - Answers Process of creating copies of DNA fragments.
DNA Sequencing - Answers Determining the nucleotide sequence of DNA.
DNA Polymerases - Answers Enzymes that synthesize DNA by adding nucleotides.
Helicases - Answers Enzymes that separate DNA strands for replication.
Topoisomerases - Answers Enzymes that relieve DNA supercoiling tension.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) - Answers Technique to amplify specific DNA sequences.
Denaturation - Answers Heating DNA to separate strands at 92-95°C.
Annealing - Answers Primers bind to complementary DNA sequences.
Extension - Answers Taq polymerase extends DNA at 3' end.
dNTPs - Answers Free nucleotides used in DNA synthesis.
5' to 3' Direction - Answers Direction of DNA polymerization and synthesis.
Sanger Sequencing - Answers Method using dideoxynucleotides to terminate DNA synthesis.
Dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) - Answers Chain terminators preventing further DNA polymerization.
Polyacrylamide Gel - Answers Medium for separating DNA fragments by size.
Chromatogram - Answers Graphical representation of DNA sequencing results.
Recombinant DNA Technology - Answers Techniques for combining DNA from different sources.
Restriction Enzymes - Answers Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences.
Vectors - Answers DNA molecules used to transfer genetic material.
Bacterial Plasmids - Answers Circular DNA used as vectors in cloning.
Bacteriophages - Answers Viruses that infect bacteria, used in cloning.
Cosmids - Answers Plasmids containing phage lambda sequences for packaging.
Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) - Answers Vector for cloning large DNA fragments.
DNA Template - Answers Original DNA strand used for replication or sequencing.
Optimized Buffer - Answers Solution containing MgCl2 for enzyme activity.
