BIO205 Exam 1 Already Graded A+

BIO205 Exam 1 Already Graded A+ agar ️a polysaccharide derived from marine seaweed that is used as a solidifying agent in microbiology culture media animalcule ️a tiny, microscopic organism observed by Leeuwenhoek antisepsis ️the use of chemical methods for eliminating or reducing the growth or replication of infectious agents bacteria ️the domain that includes all organisms not classified as archaea or eukarya epidemiology ️the scientific study of the source, cause,and transmission of disease within a population eukaryotic ️referring to a cell or organism containing a cell nucleus with multiple chromosomes, a nuclear envelope, and membrane-bound compartments fungus ️one of the four kingdoms in the domain eukarya, composed of molds and yeasts germ ️a microorganism, especially one that causes disease miasma ️an ill-defined idea of the 1700s and 1800s that suggested diseases were caused by an altered chemical quality of the atmosphere microorganism/ microbe ️a microscopic form of life including bacterial, archaea, fungal and protistan cells. organism ️an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form pathogen ️a microorganism or virus that causes illness or disease prokaryotic ️referring to cells or organisms usually having a single chromosome but no cell nucleus and few subcompartments protist ️an informal term used to describe a eukaryote that is not animal, plant or fungus pure culture ️an accumulation or colony of microorganisms of one species virus ️an infectious agent consisting of DNA or RNA and surrounded by a protein coat, in some cases, a membranous envelope surrounds the coat. Who was the first person to see bacterial cells with the microscope? ️Leeuwenhoek What is the name for the field of study established by Semmelweis and Snow in the mid-1800s? ️Epidemiology What surgical practice was established by Lister? ️Antisepsis Which one of the following statements is not part of Koch's postulates? A.The microorganism must be isolated from dead animal and pure cultured B.The microorganism and disease can be identified from a mixed culture C.The pure cultured organism is inoculated into a healthy susceptible animal D.The same microorganism must be present in every case of the disease ️B. The microorganism and disease can be identified from a mixed culture Which group of microbial agents is Eukaryotic? A.Bacteria B.Viruses C.Archaea D.Algae ️D. Algae Which one of the following is not considered an emerging infectious disease? A.Polio B.SARS C.Lyme disease D.AIDS ️A. Polio Leeuwenhoek believed that animalcules arose spontaneously from decaying matter. ️False Semmelweis proposed that cholera was a waterborne disease. ️False (Snow) Koch proposed the germ theory ️False (Pasteur) Judge the importance of (a) the Germ theory of disease and (b) Koch's postulates to the identification of microbes as agents of infectious disease. ️The germ theory proposed that germs (some bacterial organisms) could cause disease - not a miasma; Koch's postulates proved the germ theory. Thus, germs cause infectious disease, not miasmas. When you tell a friend that you are taking microbiology this semester, she asks "Exactly what is microbiology?" How do you answer her? ️One explanation could be: The scientific study of microscopic organisms and viruses, and their interactions with other organisms and the environment. However, there are many other ways of describing the basics of microbiology. archaea ️the domain of living organisms that excludes the bacteria and Eukarya biofilm ️a complex community of microorganisms that form a protective and adhesive matrix that attaches to a surface, such as a catheter or industrial pipeline cell membrane, cell plasma ️a thin bilayer of phospholipids and proteins that surrounds the prokaryotic cell cytoplasm cell wall ️a carbohydrate- containing structure surrounding fungal, algal, and most bacterial and archaeal cells chromosome ️a structure in the nucleoid or cell nucleus that carries hereditary information in the form of genes cytoplasm ️the complex of chemicals and structures within a cell; in plant and animal cells excluding the nucleus differential stain ️a technique using two dyes to differentiate cells or cellular objects based on their staining DNA ️the genetic material of all cells and many viruses endosymbiosis ️the idea that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from free-living bacterial cells and cyanobacteria that took up residence in a primitive eukaryotic cell genus ️a rank in the classification system of organisms composed of one or more species; a collection of genera constitute a family