Symptomatic Anemia, consider a blood transfusion if HGB<8 - ANSWER
Fatigue, dizziness, pallor, dyspnea, chest pain, in the presence of low
red blood cells and haemoglobin count
Hypovolemic Anemia - ANSWER Anemia due to blood loss, stop the
bleeding consider treatment with a blood transfusion
Pernicious anemia - ANSWER Anemia is caused by the absence of an
enzyme that aid in the absorption and utilization of B12 in the GI tract
Sickle Cell Anemia - ANSWER Anemia genetic in nature, characterized
by crescent-shaped RBC's severe pain commonly in the abdomen, back
and joints, jaundice r/t the rapid breakdown of RBCs, treated with pain
management
Iron Deficiency Anemia - ANSWER Teach the patient with
____________ anemia to eat eggs, nuts, legumes, dark green
vegetables, shellfish, organ meat, red meat, dark meat or take a ferrous
sulfate supplement
Neutrophils - ANSWER A CBC with differential is ordered and resulted
revealing an increase of ____________ . This is referred to as a shift
and means that an increasing infection is present due to the increased
number of immature WBC's
Neutropenic precautions - ANSWER Precautions requiring the nurse to
wear a mask when entering a patients room, prevention of the patient
receiving fresh fruits, vegetables, flowers and restricting visitors who
have any signs or symptoms of infection
Leukemia - ANSWER Also referred to as cancer of the blood,
characterized by the inability to produce or the production of
dysfunctional WBC's, diagnosed by bone marrow biopsy, treated with
Chemotherapy and/or bone marrow transplant
, Platelets:Thrombocytes - ANSWER Prevent blood loss via clot formation
they are produced in the bone marrow
Thrombocytopenia - ANSWER S/Sx of ____________________
petechiae, ecchymosis, epistaxis, gingival bleeding, hypotension, pallor,
internal bleeding, CNS changes. Most common cause is medication
induced followed by immune mediated, can also be present in patients
with liver failure. Requires that the nurse place the patient on bleeding
precautions
Von Williebrand's Disease - ANSWER Inherited bleeding disorder that
leads to a degree of clotting abnormality, prolonged bleeding time that
can be managed but requires close observation once bleeding occurs
Hemophilia - ANSWER Inherited bleeding disorder that primarily effects
males, patients are missing a clotting factor, must restore the clotting
factor once bleeding starts, a small cut could be fatal, goal is to prevent
bleeding, seek emergency care if bleeding starts
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) - ANSWER Wide spread
inflammation leads to release and use of all clotting factors causing
micro vascular clotting and hemorrhage at the same time
Lymphangitis - ANSWER Inflammation of the lymphatic vessels or
nodes, most commonly in the axilla and groin, causing a red streak to
appear, good prognosis with antibiotic treatment
Lymphedema - ANSWER Accumulation of Lymph in the soft tissue r/t
obstruction or removal of lymph nodes. No cure supportive care=strict
skin care, massage toward the heart, limit sodium intake, attend regular
appointments for wound care/compression bandage therapy, elevate
extremity at rest, avoid restrictive clothing
Hodgkin's lymphoma - ANSWER Neoplasm of lymphatic tissue, usually
begins in the cervical lymph nodes, spreads to other lymph nodes,
diagnoses by the presence of Reed-sternburg cells, if caught early cure
rates are in the 90th percentile
Fatigue, dizziness, pallor, dyspnea, chest pain, in the presence of low
red blood cells and haemoglobin count
Hypovolemic Anemia - ANSWER Anemia due to blood loss, stop the
bleeding consider treatment with a blood transfusion
Pernicious anemia - ANSWER Anemia is caused by the absence of an
enzyme that aid in the absorption and utilization of B12 in the GI tract
Sickle Cell Anemia - ANSWER Anemia genetic in nature, characterized
by crescent-shaped RBC's severe pain commonly in the abdomen, back
and joints, jaundice r/t the rapid breakdown of RBCs, treated with pain
management
Iron Deficiency Anemia - ANSWER Teach the patient with
____________ anemia to eat eggs, nuts, legumes, dark green
vegetables, shellfish, organ meat, red meat, dark meat or take a ferrous
sulfate supplement
Neutrophils - ANSWER A CBC with differential is ordered and resulted
revealing an increase of ____________ . This is referred to as a shift
and means that an increasing infection is present due to the increased
number of immature WBC's
Neutropenic precautions - ANSWER Precautions requiring the nurse to
wear a mask when entering a patients room, prevention of the patient
receiving fresh fruits, vegetables, flowers and restricting visitors who
have any signs or symptoms of infection
Leukemia - ANSWER Also referred to as cancer of the blood,
characterized by the inability to produce or the production of
dysfunctional WBC's, diagnosed by bone marrow biopsy, treated with
Chemotherapy and/or bone marrow transplant
, Platelets:Thrombocytes - ANSWER Prevent blood loss via clot formation
they are produced in the bone marrow
Thrombocytopenia - ANSWER S/Sx of ____________________
petechiae, ecchymosis, epistaxis, gingival bleeding, hypotension, pallor,
internal bleeding, CNS changes. Most common cause is medication
induced followed by immune mediated, can also be present in patients
with liver failure. Requires that the nurse place the patient on bleeding
precautions
Von Williebrand's Disease - ANSWER Inherited bleeding disorder that
leads to a degree of clotting abnormality, prolonged bleeding time that
can be managed but requires close observation once bleeding occurs
Hemophilia - ANSWER Inherited bleeding disorder that primarily effects
males, patients are missing a clotting factor, must restore the clotting
factor once bleeding starts, a small cut could be fatal, goal is to prevent
bleeding, seek emergency care if bleeding starts
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) - ANSWER Wide spread
inflammation leads to release and use of all clotting factors causing
micro vascular clotting and hemorrhage at the same time
Lymphangitis - ANSWER Inflammation of the lymphatic vessels or
nodes, most commonly in the axilla and groin, causing a red streak to
appear, good prognosis with antibiotic treatment
Lymphedema - ANSWER Accumulation of Lymph in the soft tissue r/t
obstruction or removal of lymph nodes. No cure supportive care=strict
skin care, massage toward the heart, limit sodium intake, attend regular
appointments for wound care/compression bandage therapy, elevate
extremity at rest, avoid restrictive clothing
Hodgkin's lymphoma - ANSWER Neoplasm of lymphatic tissue, usually
begins in the cervical lymph nodes, spreads to other lymph nodes,
diagnoses by the presence of Reed-sternburg cells, if caught early cure
rates are in the 90th percentile
