Gastroenteritis, Dehydration, and Congenital Heart Disorders Exam Solution Manual Already Passed
Gastroenteritis - Answers An infection in the stomach and gut causing diarrhea and vomiting, common
in pediatric population.
Dehydration - Answers Resulting from gastroenteritis, leading to fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
Congenital Heart Disorders - Answers Heart conditions present at birth, requiring medical attention.
Extracellular Fluid - Answers One of the body's fluid compartments, surrounding cells and including
interstitial, intravascular, and transcellular fluids.
Intracellular Fluid - Answers Fluid within cells, making up 2/3 of body fluids, moving through diffusion,
osmosis, and active transport.
Diffusion - Answers Net movement from higher to lower concentration.
Osmosis - Answers Net movement of solvent molecules through a membrane to equalize solute
concentrations.
Active Transport - Answers Moving molecules across a membrane using cellular energy.
Total Body Water (TBW) - Answers The total water content in the body, varying with age and higher in
infants and children.
Electrolyte Balance - Answers Maintaining the right levels of electrolytes in the body, crucial for various
bodily functions.
Body Surface Area - Answers The total area of the body exposed to the external environment,
influencing fluid intake and loss.
Hypernatremia - Answers High sodium levels in the blood, more common in children due to immature
systems and inability to verbalize thirst.
Fluid Balance - Answers Maintaining equilibrium between fluid intake and output over a 24-hour period.
Fluid Deficit - Answers Occurs when fluid output exceeds intake, leading to dehydration.
Fluid Overload - Answers Excess fluid intake or decreased fluid requirement causing edema.
Insensible Water Losses - Answers Unnoticeable water loss like through breathing or sweating.
Electrolytes - Answers Minerals like sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium essential for bodily
functions.
Sodium - Answers Normal range 135-145 mEq/L, hypernatremia from dehydration, hyponatremia from
heart failure.
Gastroenteritis - Answers An infection in the stomach and gut causing diarrhea and vomiting, common
in pediatric population.
Dehydration - Answers Resulting from gastroenteritis, leading to fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
Congenital Heart Disorders - Answers Heart conditions present at birth, requiring medical attention.
Extracellular Fluid - Answers One of the body's fluid compartments, surrounding cells and including
interstitial, intravascular, and transcellular fluids.
Intracellular Fluid - Answers Fluid within cells, making up 2/3 of body fluids, moving through diffusion,
osmosis, and active transport.
Diffusion - Answers Net movement from higher to lower concentration.
Osmosis - Answers Net movement of solvent molecules through a membrane to equalize solute
concentrations.
Active Transport - Answers Moving molecules across a membrane using cellular energy.
Total Body Water (TBW) - Answers The total water content in the body, varying with age and higher in
infants and children.
Electrolyte Balance - Answers Maintaining the right levels of electrolytes in the body, crucial for various
bodily functions.
Body Surface Area - Answers The total area of the body exposed to the external environment,
influencing fluid intake and loss.
Hypernatremia - Answers High sodium levels in the blood, more common in children due to immature
systems and inability to verbalize thirst.
Fluid Balance - Answers Maintaining equilibrium between fluid intake and output over a 24-hour period.
Fluid Deficit - Answers Occurs when fluid output exceeds intake, leading to dehydration.
Fluid Overload - Answers Excess fluid intake or decreased fluid requirement causing edema.
Insensible Water Losses - Answers Unnoticeable water loss like through breathing or sweating.
Electrolytes - Answers Minerals like sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium essential for bodily
functions.
Sodium - Answers Normal range 135-145 mEq/L, hypernatremia from dehydration, hyponatremia from
heart failure.
