Q1.
The halogens are elements in Group 7.
(a) Bromine is in Group 7.
Give the number of electrons in the outer shell of a bromine atom.
_______________________
(1)
(b) Bromine reacts with hydrogen. The gas hydrogen bromide is produced.
What is the structure of hydrogen bromide?
Tick one box.
Giant covalent
Ionic lattice
Metallic structure
Small molecule
(1)
(c) What is the formula for fluorine gas?
Tick one box.
F
F2
F2
2F
(1)
A student mixes solutions of halogens with solutions of their salts.
The table below shows the student’s observations.
Potassium Potassium Potassium
chloride bromide iodide
Page 1 of 84
, (colourless) (colourless) (colourless)
Chlorine Solution turns Solution turns
(colourless) orange brown
Bromine Solution turns
No change
(orange) brown
Iodine
No change No change
(brown)
(d) Explain how the reactivity of the halogens changes going down Group 7.
Use the results in the table above.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(3)
A company uses chlorine to produce titanium chloride from titanium dioxide.
(e) What is the relative formula mass (Mr) of titanium dioxide, TiO2?
Relative atomic masses (Ar): O = 16 Ti = 48
Tick one box.
64
80
128
768
(1)
(f) The company calculates that 500 g of titanium dioxide should produce 1.2 kg of
titanium chloride.
However, the company finds that 500 g of titanium dioxide only produces 900 g of
titanium chloride.
Calculate the percentage yield.
Page 2 of 84
, ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Percentage yield = __________________ %
(2)
(Total 9 marks)
Q2.
This question is about elements in Group 1.
A teacher burns sodium in oxygen.
(a) Complete the word equation for the reaction.
sodium + oxygen ⟶ ___________________
(1)
(b) What is the name of this type of reaction?
Tick one box.
Decomposition
Electrolysis
Oxidation
Precipitation
(1)
(c) The teacher dissolves the product of the reaction in water and adds universal
indicator.
The universal indicator turns purple.
What is the pH value of the solution?
Tick one box.
(1)
(d) The solution contains a substance with the formula NaOH
Page 3 of 84
, Give the name of the substance.
___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(e) All alkalis contain the same ion.
What is the formula of this ion?
Tick one box.
H+
Na+
OH−
O2−
(1)
(f) A solution of NaOH had a concentration of 40 g/dm 3
What mass of NaOH would there be in 250 cm 3 of the solution?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Mass = ______________________ g
(2)
(g) The melting points of the elements in Group 1 show a trend.
The table below shows the atomic numbers and melting points of the Group 1
elements.
Atomic
Element Melting point in °C
number
Lithium 3 181
Sodium 11 98
Potassium 19 63
Rubidium 37 X
Caesium 55 29
Page 4 of 84
The halogens are elements in Group 7.
(a) Bromine is in Group 7.
Give the number of electrons in the outer shell of a bromine atom.
_______________________
(1)
(b) Bromine reacts with hydrogen. The gas hydrogen bromide is produced.
What is the structure of hydrogen bromide?
Tick one box.
Giant covalent
Ionic lattice
Metallic structure
Small molecule
(1)
(c) What is the formula for fluorine gas?
Tick one box.
F
F2
F2
2F
(1)
A student mixes solutions of halogens with solutions of their salts.
The table below shows the student’s observations.
Potassium Potassium Potassium
chloride bromide iodide
Page 1 of 84
, (colourless) (colourless) (colourless)
Chlorine Solution turns Solution turns
(colourless) orange brown
Bromine Solution turns
No change
(orange) brown
Iodine
No change No change
(brown)
(d) Explain how the reactivity of the halogens changes going down Group 7.
Use the results in the table above.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(3)
A company uses chlorine to produce titanium chloride from titanium dioxide.
(e) What is the relative formula mass (Mr) of titanium dioxide, TiO2?
Relative atomic masses (Ar): O = 16 Ti = 48
Tick one box.
64
80
128
768
(1)
(f) The company calculates that 500 g of titanium dioxide should produce 1.2 kg of
titanium chloride.
However, the company finds that 500 g of titanium dioxide only produces 900 g of
titanium chloride.
Calculate the percentage yield.
Page 2 of 84
, ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Percentage yield = __________________ %
(2)
(Total 9 marks)
Q2.
This question is about elements in Group 1.
A teacher burns sodium in oxygen.
(a) Complete the word equation for the reaction.
sodium + oxygen ⟶ ___________________
(1)
(b) What is the name of this type of reaction?
Tick one box.
Decomposition
Electrolysis
Oxidation
Precipitation
(1)
(c) The teacher dissolves the product of the reaction in water and adds universal
indicator.
The universal indicator turns purple.
What is the pH value of the solution?
Tick one box.
(1)
(d) The solution contains a substance with the formula NaOH
Page 3 of 84
, Give the name of the substance.
___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(e) All alkalis contain the same ion.
What is the formula of this ion?
Tick one box.
H+
Na+
OH−
O2−
(1)
(f) A solution of NaOH had a concentration of 40 g/dm 3
What mass of NaOH would there be in 250 cm 3 of the solution?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Mass = ______________________ g
(2)
(g) The melting points of the elements in Group 1 show a trend.
The table below shows the atomic numbers and melting points of the Group 1
elements.
Atomic
Element Melting point in °C
number
Lithium 3 181
Sodium 11 98
Potassium 19 63
Rubidium 37 X
Caesium 55 29
Page 4 of 84
