NURS 305 Exam 1 Review Questions with correct
answers
A patient who has been placed on Contact Precautions for Clostridium
difficile (C. difficile) asks you to explain what he should know about
this organism. What is the most appropriate information to include in
patient teaching? (Select all that apply.)
1. The organism is usually transmitted through the fecal-oral route.
2. Hands should always be cleaned with soap and water versus alcohol-
based hand sanitizer.
3. Everyone coming into the room must be wearing a gown and gloves.
4. While the patient is in Contact Precautions, he cannot leave the room.
5. C. difficile dies quickly once outside the body Correct Answer-
Answer: 1, 2, 3
Clostridium difficile is transmitted through the oral-fecal route and
spread through contact with contaminated feces or surfaces touched by
hands not appropriately cleaned after providing care to a patient infected
with C. difficile. The organism develops a hard spore and can live for
long periods of time on surfaces, making it very hard to eradicate. As
long as patient is continent of stool and first cleans hands and changes
gown, a patient with C. difficile may leave the room.
A patient is diagnosed with meningitis. Which type of isolation
precaution is most appropriate for this patient?
,1. Reverse isolation
2. Droplet Precautions
3. Standard Precautions
4. Contact Precautions Correct Answer-Answer: 2
Because the patient is diagnosed with meningitis, which can be spread
when the patient coughs or sneezes, droplet precautions are most
appropriate.
A patient is placed on Airborne Precautions for pulmonary tuberculosis.
The nurse notes that the patient seems to be angry, but he knows that this
is a normal response to isolation. Which is the best intervention?
1. Provide a dark, quiet room to calm the patient.
2. Reduce the level of precautions to keep the patient from becoming
angry.
3. Explain the reasons for isolation procedures and provide meaningful
stimulation.
4. Limit family and other caregiver visits to reduce the risk of spreading
the infection. Correct Answer-Answer: 3
By providing a rationale for the isolation, the patient is able to better
understand the safety risks and cooperate with care. Providing reading
material or other distractions for the patient will also help with times
when alone in the room.
,Which type of personal protective equipment should the nurse wear
when caring for a pediatric patient who is placed on Airborne
Precautions for confirmed chickenpox/herpes zoster? (Select all that
apply.)
1. Disposable gown
2. N95 respirator mask
3. Face shield or goggles
4. Disposable mask
5. Gloves Correct Answer-Answer: 1, 2, 5
Chicken pox is an airborne organism that can travel great distances, so it
is important that the air breathed by the nurse is filtered, and hands and
clothes are covered, as required for airborne precautions.
The infection control nurse has asked the staff to work on reducing the
number of iatrogenic infections on the unit. Which of the following
actions on your part would contribute to reducing health care-acquired
infections? (Select all that apply.)
1. Teaching correct handwashing to assigned patients
2. Using correct procedures in starting and caring for an intravenous
infusion
3. Providing perineal care to a patient with an indwelling urinary
catheter
, 4. Isolating a patient on antibiotics who has been having loose stool for
24 hours
5. Decreasing a patient's environmental stimuli to decrease nause
Correct Answer-Answer: 1, 2, 3
Nausea is not typically associated with transmission of infection, and
loose stools are a common side effect with antimicrobials. All the other
interventions break the cycle of infection transmission.
Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrate the practice of
core principles of surgical asepsis? (Select all that apply.)
1. The front and sides of the sterile gown are considered sterile from the
waist up.
2. Keep the sterile field in view at all times.
3. Consider the outer 2.5 cm (1 inch) of the sterile field as contaminated.
4. Only health care personnel within the sterile field must wear personal
protective equipment.
5. After cleansing the hands with antiseptic rub, apply clean disposable
gloves Correct Answer-Answer: 2, 3
Maintaining sterility throughout the procedure requires constant
vigilance and strict rules to ensure sterility, such as keeping the sterile
field in sight at all times, making sure everyone in the room is in
protective clothing like gowns, masks, eyewear and gloves, and
considering anything beyond the front or below the waist of the gown to
answers
A patient who has been placed on Contact Precautions for Clostridium
difficile (C. difficile) asks you to explain what he should know about
this organism. What is the most appropriate information to include in
patient teaching? (Select all that apply.)
1. The organism is usually transmitted through the fecal-oral route.
2. Hands should always be cleaned with soap and water versus alcohol-
based hand sanitizer.
3. Everyone coming into the room must be wearing a gown and gloves.
4. While the patient is in Contact Precautions, he cannot leave the room.
5. C. difficile dies quickly once outside the body Correct Answer-
Answer: 1, 2, 3
Clostridium difficile is transmitted through the oral-fecal route and
spread through contact with contaminated feces or surfaces touched by
hands not appropriately cleaned after providing care to a patient infected
with C. difficile. The organism develops a hard spore and can live for
long periods of time on surfaces, making it very hard to eradicate. As
long as patient is continent of stool and first cleans hands and changes
gown, a patient with C. difficile may leave the room.
A patient is diagnosed with meningitis. Which type of isolation
precaution is most appropriate for this patient?
,1. Reverse isolation
2. Droplet Precautions
3. Standard Precautions
4. Contact Precautions Correct Answer-Answer: 2
Because the patient is diagnosed with meningitis, which can be spread
when the patient coughs or sneezes, droplet precautions are most
appropriate.
A patient is placed on Airborne Precautions for pulmonary tuberculosis.
The nurse notes that the patient seems to be angry, but he knows that this
is a normal response to isolation. Which is the best intervention?
1. Provide a dark, quiet room to calm the patient.
2. Reduce the level of precautions to keep the patient from becoming
angry.
3. Explain the reasons for isolation procedures and provide meaningful
stimulation.
4. Limit family and other caregiver visits to reduce the risk of spreading
the infection. Correct Answer-Answer: 3
By providing a rationale for the isolation, the patient is able to better
understand the safety risks and cooperate with care. Providing reading
material or other distractions for the patient will also help with times
when alone in the room.
,Which type of personal protective equipment should the nurse wear
when caring for a pediatric patient who is placed on Airborne
Precautions for confirmed chickenpox/herpes zoster? (Select all that
apply.)
1. Disposable gown
2. N95 respirator mask
3. Face shield or goggles
4. Disposable mask
5. Gloves Correct Answer-Answer: 1, 2, 5
Chicken pox is an airborne organism that can travel great distances, so it
is important that the air breathed by the nurse is filtered, and hands and
clothes are covered, as required for airborne precautions.
The infection control nurse has asked the staff to work on reducing the
number of iatrogenic infections on the unit. Which of the following
actions on your part would contribute to reducing health care-acquired
infections? (Select all that apply.)
1. Teaching correct handwashing to assigned patients
2. Using correct procedures in starting and caring for an intravenous
infusion
3. Providing perineal care to a patient with an indwelling urinary
catheter
, 4. Isolating a patient on antibiotics who has been having loose stool for
24 hours
5. Decreasing a patient's environmental stimuli to decrease nause
Correct Answer-Answer: 1, 2, 3
Nausea is not typically associated with transmission of infection, and
loose stools are a common side effect with antimicrobials. All the other
interventions break the cycle of infection transmission.
Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrate the practice of
core principles of surgical asepsis? (Select all that apply.)
1. The front and sides of the sterile gown are considered sterile from the
waist up.
2. Keep the sterile field in view at all times.
3. Consider the outer 2.5 cm (1 inch) of the sterile field as contaminated.
4. Only health care personnel within the sterile field must wear personal
protective equipment.
5. After cleansing the hands with antiseptic rub, apply clean disposable
gloves Correct Answer-Answer: 2, 3
Maintaining sterility throughout the procedure requires constant
vigilance and strict rules to ensure sterility, such as keeping the sterile
field in sight at all times, making sure everyone in the room is in
protective clothing like gowns, masks, eyewear and gloves, and
considering anything beyond the front or below the waist of the gown to
