BTE 210 - Exam 1/exam study guide/questions and answers/review exam correct/rated 5 stars/fall 2024

BTE 210 - Exam 1/exam study guide/questions and answers/review exam correct/rated 5 stars/fall 2024 BTE 210 - Exam 1/exam study guide/questions and answers/review exam correct/rated 5 stars/fall 2024 Computer-based information systems - correct answers-Hardware Database Software Network Computer's Hardware - correct answers-The physical equipment used for the input, processing, output, and storage activities of a computer system Central Processing Unit (CPU) - correct answers-- manipulates the data and controls the tasks performed by the other components - "the brain" - most expensive piece of hardware inside a computer Primary Storage - correct answers-temporarily stores data and program instructions during processing ex: everything that is running on a computer right now Secondary Storage - correct answers-stores data and programs for future use; longterm. Input Technologies - correct answers-Accept data and instructions and convert them to a form that the computer can understand ex: scanner, mouse, keyboard Output technologies - correct answers-present data and information in a form people can understand ex: printer, speakers, monitor Communication technologies - correct answers-provide the flow of data from external computer networks (Internet) to the CPU, and from the CPU to computer networks Types of Servers - correct answers-Supercomputers, mainframe computers Supercomputers - correct answers-the fastest computers available at any time; high cost. Who uses supercomputers? - correct answers-Generally used by large organizations to complete tasks by involving large data sets Ex: military, national weather service Mainframe Computers - correct answers-computers at the high end of the performance and reliability scales and can handle millions of transactions per day Types of Clients - correct answers-microcomputers (desktop PCs), laptops, netbooks, tablets, wearable clients Microcomputers - correct answers-the smallest and least expensive category of general-purpose computers ex: desktop PCS (fat clients) Laptops - correct answers-small, easily transportable, lightweight microcomputers Thin Client Systems - correct answers-Desktop computer systems that do not offer the full functionality of a PC. These are less complex, particularly because they do not have locally installed software. When they need to run an application, they access it from a server over a network instead of from a local disk drive. Netbooks - correct answers-small and low cost portable computers. Used for web browsing and email. Tablets - correct answers-a complete computer contained entirely in a flat touchscreen Wearable clients - correct answers-apple watch Data Measures - correct answers-1 byte = 8 bits Types of Primary Storage (main memory) - correct answers-register memory, cache memory, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM) Register Memory - correct answers-Primary storage- part of the CPU. They have the least capacity, storing extremely limited amounts of instructions and data only immediately before and after processing Cache Memory - correct answers-Primary storage - High-speed memory that enables the computer to temporarily store blocks of data that are used more often and that a processor can access more rapidly than the main memory (RAM). Located closer to the CPU than RAM. Random Access Memory (RAM) - correct answers-Primary storage- Part of primary storage that holds a software program and small amounts of data for processing; Short term memory. Read only Memory (ROM) - correct answers-Primary storage- type of chip where certain critical instructions are held and retains these instructions even when the computer is off. Cannot be rewritten Types of Secondary Storage - correct answers-Magnetic tape, magnetic discs, solid state drives (SSD), Optical storage devices, Flash memory (memory cards) Magnetic tape - correct answers-secondary storage - on a large open reel or in a smaller cartridge or cassette Magnetic Discs - correct answers-secondary storage - most widely used Solid state drives (SSD) - correct answers-secondary storage- serve the same purpose as a hard drive and store data in memory chips, but do not have moving parts. Faster & more reliable than hard drives. Optical storage devices - correct answers-secondary storage- laser reads the surface of a reflective plastic platter. Ex: CD & DVD's Flash Memory Devices (memory cards) - correct answers-secondary storage - nonvolatile electronic storage devices with no moving parts and use 30x less battery power than hard drives. Also, smaller and more durable than hard drives. Types of computer memory - correct answers-primary storage (main memory), secondary storage Role of Software - correct answers-- application software: users - systems software: hardware Types of system softwares - correct answers-Operating systems (OS), programming languages, system utilities most essential system software - correct answers-Operating systems (OS) types of operating systems - correct answers-single user, multiuser Single User Operating System - correct answers-designed primarily for a single user, such as Windows and Mac Multiuser operating system - correct answers-permits hundreds of concurrent users such as Linux, Unix, and windows server editions Operating system functions - correct answers-- user interface (GUI) - degree of hardware independence - manage system memory - manage processing tasks - provide network capability - control access to system resources - manage files