CCD Exam Practice Questions and Answers

CCD Exam Practice Questions and Answers Age for women at which BMD testing is indicated without caveat - Answer-75 Four risk factors that are indicators for BMD testing in post-menopausal women who are younger than 65, in women who are currently in the transition to menopause, and in med who are younger than 70: - Answer-1) low body weight 2) prior fracture 3) high risk medication use 4) disease/condition associated with bone loss Age at which BMD testing is indicated for men: - Answer-70 and older. What type of fracture is an indication for BMD testing in any adult? A fragility fracture Two generic indications for BMD testing: - Answer-1) Anyone being considered for pharmacologic therapy. 2)Anyone not receiving therapy in whom evidence of bone loss would lead to treatment. EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024 Page 2/24 One obvious indication for BMD testing: - Answer-Anyone being treated, to monitor treatment effect. A uniform Caucasian female normative database should be used as the reference for which cohorts? - Answer-1) Women of ALL ethnic groups 2) Men of ALL ethnic groups What reference standard should manufacturers use for femoral neck and total hip T-scores? - Answer-NHANES III data What reference standard should manufacturers use for the lumbar spine T-scores? - Answer-The manufacturer's own database Should local reference data be used to calculate T-scores? - Answer-No. Can local reference data be used to calculate Z-scores? - Answer-Yes, if local reference data is available. What is the WHO international reference standard for diagnosing osteoporosis? - Answer-A T-score of -2.5 or less at the femoral neck, which is calculated using the uniform female, white, age 20-29 years, NHANES III database. A T-score of -2.5 or less at any of which three sites earns the diagnosis of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men aged 50 and older? - Answer-1) Lumbar spine 2) Total hip EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024 Page 3/24 3) Femoral neck (In certain circumstances, the 33% radius may be utilized.) Can osteoporosis be diagnosed using the greater trochanter or Ward's area? - Answer-No Skeletal sites to measure BMD in all patients: - Answer-1) PA spine 2)hip Forearm BMD should be measured under which circumstances? - Answer-1)Hip and/or spine cannot be measured or interpreted. 2)Hyperparathyroidism 3)Very obese patients who are over the weight limit for DXA table Which vertebrae are used to measure spine BMD? - Answer-PA L1-L4 Which vertebrae should be excluded from evaluation? - Answer-Those that are affected by local structural change or artifact. EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024 Page 4/24 Those that are clearly abnormal and non-assessable within the resolution of the system How many vertebrae must be used for diagnostic classification? - Answer-At least two, but ideally all four will be used. What if only one evaluable vertebrae remains and has low BMD, how should diagnosis be made? - Answer-Diagnosis must be based on a different VALID skeletal site. If there is more than a ______ T-score difference between the vertebrae in question and adjacent vertebrae, exclude the vertebrae in question from analysis. - Answer-1.0 When vertebrae are excluded, what is used to derive the T-score? - Answer-the BMD of the remaining vertebrae The lateral spine only has a role in __________________ and should not be used for ____________________. - Answer-monitoring diagnosis BMD must be measured in which hip? - Answer-Either hip will s