Nurs 202 Nutrition question with correct answers
Nutritional Status affected by Correct Answer-intake, storage & use of
nutrients
Macronutrients - Carbohydrates, Protein & Fats Correct Answer-• Used
for energy; unused calories are stored as fat
• Adequate nutrition is essential for:
• growth
• normal body system function
• resistance to infection
• repair of tissue
Micronutrients - Vitamins, Minerals & Electrolytes Correct Answer-•
Required for use of major nutrients (it is hard to measure the
micronutrients, so taking a multiviatmin daily may be prudent)
• Provide structural materials in bone/teeth, cell membranes &
connective tissue
• Regulate cellular metabolism, maintain acid base balance & osmotic
pressure
• Maintain nerve & muscle irritability for transmission of impulses &
contraction of muscles
(e.g., cramps with magnesium deficiency (extravascular depletion)
,Energy Produced From Calories Correct Answer-(one pound = 3,500
cal)
• Carbohydrate (CHO)= 4 cal/gm
• Protein (PRO) = 4 cal/gm
• Fat = 9 cal/gm
**If person has a balanced diet then they are prob getting enough
mirconutrients
**products higher in fat = more calories!
Malnutrition Correct Answer-• an alteration in nutritional status
associated with increased morbidity (e.g., poor wound healing, increased
infection) & mortality
• may be over-nutrition or under-nutrition
Types & Amount of Energy Stores : Carbs Correct Answer-(amount of
nutrients in storage depends on body weight)
Body stores = approximately 250 gm (1000 cal)
---Ready source of energy that is quickly depleted
• Stored in the liver & muscle as glycogen
• Lasts approximately 15-20 hrs (then stores depleted)(if a person doesn't
eat)
, Types & Amount of Energy Stores: Protein Correct Answer-Body stores
= 6,000 gm (24,000 cal)
• Stored as plasma proteins, Hemoglobin, clotting components,
hormones, antibodies, skeletal & smooth muscle
• PRO stores serve important physiologic functions (breakdown results
in loss of
essential function [e.g., PRO breakdown can cause bleeding due to
decreased
clotting factors])
Types & Amount of Energy Stores: Fat Correct Answer-Body stores =
15,000 gm (135,000 cal)
• Stored as triglycerides
• Excellent energy source (breakdown doesn't compromise essential
body function
Starvation Process Step 1 Correct Answer-(may be seen with chronic
illness) (like Ca)
• 1st 15-20 hrs: all glycogen [CHO] stores depleted from muscle & liver
Starvation Process Step 2 Correct Answer-Next, fat stores broken down
• Resting energy expenditure (metabolism) decreases to conserve PRO
(a problem with crash diets causing slow weight loss)
Nutritional Status affected by Correct Answer-intake, storage & use of
nutrients
Macronutrients - Carbohydrates, Protein & Fats Correct Answer-• Used
for energy; unused calories are stored as fat
• Adequate nutrition is essential for:
• growth
• normal body system function
• resistance to infection
• repair of tissue
Micronutrients - Vitamins, Minerals & Electrolytes Correct Answer-•
Required for use of major nutrients (it is hard to measure the
micronutrients, so taking a multiviatmin daily may be prudent)
• Provide structural materials in bone/teeth, cell membranes &
connective tissue
• Regulate cellular metabolism, maintain acid base balance & osmotic
pressure
• Maintain nerve & muscle irritability for transmission of impulses &
contraction of muscles
(e.g., cramps with magnesium deficiency (extravascular depletion)
,Energy Produced From Calories Correct Answer-(one pound = 3,500
cal)
• Carbohydrate (CHO)= 4 cal/gm
• Protein (PRO) = 4 cal/gm
• Fat = 9 cal/gm
**If person has a balanced diet then they are prob getting enough
mirconutrients
**products higher in fat = more calories!
Malnutrition Correct Answer-• an alteration in nutritional status
associated with increased morbidity (e.g., poor wound healing, increased
infection) & mortality
• may be over-nutrition or under-nutrition
Types & Amount of Energy Stores : Carbs Correct Answer-(amount of
nutrients in storage depends on body weight)
Body stores = approximately 250 gm (1000 cal)
---Ready source of energy that is quickly depleted
• Stored in the liver & muscle as glycogen
• Lasts approximately 15-20 hrs (then stores depleted)(if a person doesn't
eat)
, Types & Amount of Energy Stores: Protein Correct Answer-Body stores
= 6,000 gm (24,000 cal)
• Stored as plasma proteins, Hemoglobin, clotting components,
hormones, antibodies, skeletal & smooth muscle
• PRO stores serve important physiologic functions (breakdown results
in loss of
essential function [e.g., PRO breakdown can cause bleeding due to
decreased
clotting factors])
Types & Amount of Energy Stores: Fat Correct Answer-Body stores =
15,000 gm (135,000 cal)
• Stored as triglycerides
• Excellent energy source (breakdown doesn't compromise essential
body function
Starvation Process Step 1 Correct Answer-(may be seen with chronic
illness) (like Ca)
• 1st 15-20 hrs: all glycogen [CHO] stores depleted from muscle & liver
Starvation Process Step 2 Correct Answer-Next, fat stores broken down
• Resting energy expenditure (metabolism) decreases to conserve PRO
(a problem with crash diets causing slow weight loss)
