©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025 YEAR PUBLISHED, 2024
General Surgery EOR Exam Questions
and Answers 100% Solved
Barrett's Esophagus pathology - ✔✔squamous cell into precancerous
metaplastic columnar cells
GERD dx: - ✔✔Endoscope (usually used first)
24 hr ambulatory pH monitoring (GS) `
GERD tx: - ✔✔1st (lifestyle)
2nd (H2 receptor antagonists)
3rd (PPI->Nissen fundoplication)
Achalasia sxs: - ✔✔dysphagia to both solids and liquids
Achalasia dx: - ✔✔Esophageal manometry (GS- shows increased LES
pressure)
Esophagram (Bird's beak appearance of LES)
Achalasia tx: - ✔✔botulin injection
Most common cause of esophageal varices - ✔✔Cirrhosis
,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025 YEAR PUBLISHED, 2024
Esophageal varices sxs: - ✔✔upper GI bleed (hematochezia, melena,
hematemesis)
Esophageal varices tx: - ✔✔endoscopic ligation (tx of choice)
Octreotide (drug for acute bleeding)
Surgery (trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt- TIPS)
Rebleeds: nonselective BB (propanolol, nadolol)
Hiatal hernia types: - ✔✔Type 1: sliding hernia (most common type)
Type 2: rolling hernia- fundus of stomach through the diaphragm
Gastritis etiologies: - ✔✔H.pyloti (MC cause)
NSAIDs/Aspirin
Stress
Gastritis dx: - ✔✔endoscopy
Gastritis tx: - ✔✔H pylori +: clarithromycin, amoxicillin, PPI
-: PPI, sucrafulate
Zollinger Ellison Syndrome def. - ✔✔gastrin producing tumor in stomach
Non-healing ulcers
PUD sxs: - ✔✔epigastric pain (dyspepsia)- worse at night
, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025 YEAR PUBLISHED, 2024
GI bleed
Most common cause of upper GI bleed - ✔✔PUD
PUD dx: - ✔✔endoscopy (GS)
Upper GI series
H.Pylori Testing - ✔✔Endoscopy with bx (GS)
Stool antigen (confirm eradication)
Urea breath test (if endoscopy can't be done)
Prevention of NSAID induced ulcers - ✔✔misoprostol
Cytoprotective agent for PUD/gastritis - ✔✔Sucralfate
Duodenal vs Gastric Ulcers - ✔✔Duodenal (more common, likely benign,
better with meals)
Gastric (more malignant, worse with meals)
Zollinger ellison syndrome dx: - ✔✔fasting gastrin level (best screening
test)
Gallbladder disease progression - ✔✔Cholelithiasis-cholecystitis-
choledocholithiasis- cholangitis
Most common type of gallstone - ✔✔cholesterol
Risk factor for gallstones - ✔✔female, fat, forty, fertile, fair
General Surgery EOR Exam Questions
and Answers 100% Solved
Barrett's Esophagus pathology - ✔✔squamous cell into precancerous
metaplastic columnar cells
GERD dx: - ✔✔Endoscope (usually used first)
24 hr ambulatory pH monitoring (GS) `
GERD tx: - ✔✔1st (lifestyle)
2nd (H2 receptor antagonists)
3rd (PPI->Nissen fundoplication)
Achalasia sxs: - ✔✔dysphagia to both solids and liquids
Achalasia dx: - ✔✔Esophageal manometry (GS- shows increased LES
pressure)
Esophagram (Bird's beak appearance of LES)
Achalasia tx: - ✔✔botulin injection
Most common cause of esophageal varices - ✔✔Cirrhosis
,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025 YEAR PUBLISHED, 2024
Esophageal varices sxs: - ✔✔upper GI bleed (hematochezia, melena,
hematemesis)
Esophageal varices tx: - ✔✔endoscopic ligation (tx of choice)
Octreotide (drug for acute bleeding)
Surgery (trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt- TIPS)
Rebleeds: nonselective BB (propanolol, nadolol)
Hiatal hernia types: - ✔✔Type 1: sliding hernia (most common type)
Type 2: rolling hernia- fundus of stomach through the diaphragm
Gastritis etiologies: - ✔✔H.pyloti (MC cause)
NSAIDs/Aspirin
Stress
Gastritis dx: - ✔✔endoscopy
Gastritis tx: - ✔✔H pylori +: clarithromycin, amoxicillin, PPI
-: PPI, sucrafulate
Zollinger Ellison Syndrome def. - ✔✔gastrin producing tumor in stomach
Non-healing ulcers
PUD sxs: - ✔✔epigastric pain (dyspepsia)- worse at night
, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025 YEAR PUBLISHED, 2024
GI bleed
Most common cause of upper GI bleed - ✔✔PUD
PUD dx: - ✔✔endoscopy (GS)
Upper GI series
H.Pylori Testing - ✔✔Endoscopy with bx (GS)
Stool antigen (confirm eradication)
Urea breath test (if endoscopy can't be done)
Prevention of NSAID induced ulcers - ✔✔misoprostol
Cytoprotective agent for PUD/gastritis - ✔✔Sucralfate
Duodenal vs Gastric Ulcers - ✔✔Duodenal (more common, likely benign,
better with meals)
Gastric (more malignant, worse with meals)
Zollinger ellison syndrome dx: - ✔✔fasting gastrin level (best screening
test)
Gallbladder disease progression - ✔✔Cholelithiasis-cholecystitis-
choledocholithiasis- cholangitis
Most common type of gallstone - ✔✔cholesterol
Risk factor for gallstones - ✔✔female, fat, forty, fertile, fair
