EEG CLTM EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Which structure is the hippocampus part of? - Temporal lobe, responsible for learning
and memory
What does the amygdala do? - Long term emotional, processing of memory, the
amygdalae are considered part of the limbic system. Located in Temporal Lobe
Foramen Ovale Electrodes- ANSWER Used to diagnose mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
without penetration of the skull. These are 1 to 4 contact flexible platinum wires inserted
by needle thru the cheek in the ambient cistern with the help of an X-ray
Todd's Paralysis - ANSWER Paralysis or weakness in part of the body following a
seizure. The weakness usually affects an arm or leg, but may affect speech, eye
positioning, or vision. It usually completely resolves within 48 hours.
Rasmussen's Encepholopathy - ANSWER Rare, chronic focal encephalitis,
characterized by frequent severe seizures, loss of motor skills and speech,
hemiparesis, and dementia. The illness affects a single cerebral hemisphere and
generally occurs in children under the age of 15.
SUDEP - ANSWER defined as the sudden and unexpected, non-traumatic and
non-drowning death of a person with epilepsy without a known cause.
Current CPR chest compressions - ANSWER 30 to 2, or 100 per minute for adults. And
15 to 2 for children
Hip Thrusting - ANSWER #1 Characteristic of Non epileptic events
Gelastic Seizures - ANSWER Are associated with several different conditions, but
mainly hypothalamic hamartomas. Characterized by sudden outbursts of Laughter,
,crying or cough for no apparent or appropriate reason.
Cataplexy - ANSWER A sudden and transient episode of muscle weakness, with full
conscious awareness, typically precipitated by emotions such as laughing, crying,
terror, etc. It is the cardinal symptom of narcolepsy
Frontal lobe - ANSWER complex automatisms arise from what lobe?
Cortical Dysplasia - ANSWER A congenital abnormality where the neurons in an area of
the brain failed to migrate in proper formation in utero. Commonly found near the
cerebral cortex and is associated with seizures.
Lennox Gastaut - ANSWER Onset between age 2 & 6. characterized by frequent
seizures of different types; is often accompanied by developmental delay, psychological
and behavioral problems. About half of patients will have status. interictal EEG shows
slow spike-wave complexes.
Keppra - ANSWER Levetiracetam: used for partial seizures, or as an adjunctive therapy
for partial, myoclonic and tonic-clonic seizures.
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
(JME) - ANSWER Seen in ages 12 to 18, brief involuntary muscle twitching in the
morning. Most have generalized seizures, many also have absence seizures. Treated
with Depakote (Valproic Acid). EEG shows generalized 3-4 Hz polyspike and slow wave
discharges. Often provoked by Photic and HV
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ANSWER Recurring, unprovoked seizures originating from the
temporal lobe. Seizures involve sensory changes including smelling an unusual odor not
actually present, or a memory disturbance. The most common cause is mesial temporal
sclerosis. Surgery may be complicated by decreased cognitive function.
Simple Partial Seizures - ANSWER Are seizures involving small areas of the temporal
lobe such as the amygdala and hippocampus. There is no impairment to the level of
, consciousness.
Complex Partial seizures - ANSWER seizures which impair LOC. They typically start with
a single partial seizure, then spread to a greater part of the temporal lobe. may include :
motionless staring automatic movements of the hands or mouth inability to respond
unusual speech or other unusual behaviours
Deep brain stimulation-ANSWER neurosurgical procedure involving the implantation of
a medical device called a brain pacemaker, which sends electrical impulses, through
implanted electrodes, to specific parts of the brain-brain nucleus-for the treatment of
movement and affective disorders.
Ketogenic Diet - ANSWER A high fat, low-carb diet used to treat intractable seizures in
children. The diet forces the liver to convert fat into ketone bodies, which replace
glucose as an energy source. The elevated level of ketone bodies leads to a reduction in
seizures. May help Lenox Gastaut.
Wada test-ANSWER Used to determine hemispheric dominance, is conducted with the
patient awake. Sodium amobarbital is injected into one of the internal carotid arteries
one hemisphere at a time in order to assess language and memory function.
Hemispherectomy- ANSWER removal or a functional disconnection of most, or all of,
one half of the cerebrum. It is reserved for people with the most catastrophic epilepsies,
such as those due to Rasmussen syndrome.
Frontal lobe- ANSWER Hyper motor behaviour comes from what lobe?
Pentobarbital - ANSWER The trade name for this medication is Nembutal, also has an
indication in decreasing intracranial pressure in Reye's syndrome, traumatic brain
injury and induction of coma in cerebral ischemia patients.
Visual Cortex - ANSWER The area of the cortex occupying the whole surface of the
occipital lobe, & comprised of Brodmanns areas 17-19. It receives visual information
from the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus
Which structure is the hippocampus part of? - Temporal lobe, responsible for learning
and memory
What does the amygdala do? - Long term emotional, processing of memory, the
amygdalae are considered part of the limbic system. Located in Temporal Lobe
Foramen Ovale Electrodes- ANSWER Used to diagnose mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
without penetration of the skull. These are 1 to 4 contact flexible platinum wires inserted
by needle thru the cheek in the ambient cistern with the help of an X-ray
Todd's Paralysis - ANSWER Paralysis or weakness in part of the body following a
seizure. The weakness usually affects an arm or leg, but may affect speech, eye
positioning, or vision. It usually completely resolves within 48 hours.
Rasmussen's Encepholopathy - ANSWER Rare, chronic focal encephalitis,
characterized by frequent severe seizures, loss of motor skills and speech,
hemiparesis, and dementia. The illness affects a single cerebral hemisphere and
generally occurs in children under the age of 15.
SUDEP - ANSWER defined as the sudden and unexpected, non-traumatic and
non-drowning death of a person with epilepsy without a known cause.
Current CPR chest compressions - ANSWER 30 to 2, or 100 per minute for adults. And
15 to 2 for children
Hip Thrusting - ANSWER #1 Characteristic of Non epileptic events
Gelastic Seizures - ANSWER Are associated with several different conditions, but
mainly hypothalamic hamartomas. Characterized by sudden outbursts of Laughter,
,crying or cough for no apparent or appropriate reason.
Cataplexy - ANSWER A sudden and transient episode of muscle weakness, with full
conscious awareness, typically precipitated by emotions such as laughing, crying,
terror, etc. It is the cardinal symptom of narcolepsy
Frontal lobe - ANSWER complex automatisms arise from what lobe?
Cortical Dysplasia - ANSWER A congenital abnormality where the neurons in an area of
the brain failed to migrate in proper formation in utero. Commonly found near the
cerebral cortex and is associated with seizures.
Lennox Gastaut - ANSWER Onset between age 2 & 6. characterized by frequent
seizures of different types; is often accompanied by developmental delay, psychological
and behavioral problems. About half of patients will have status. interictal EEG shows
slow spike-wave complexes.
Keppra - ANSWER Levetiracetam: used for partial seizures, or as an adjunctive therapy
for partial, myoclonic and tonic-clonic seizures.
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
(JME) - ANSWER Seen in ages 12 to 18, brief involuntary muscle twitching in the
morning. Most have generalized seizures, many also have absence seizures. Treated
with Depakote (Valproic Acid). EEG shows generalized 3-4 Hz polyspike and slow wave
discharges. Often provoked by Photic and HV
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ANSWER Recurring, unprovoked seizures originating from the
temporal lobe. Seizures involve sensory changes including smelling an unusual odor not
actually present, or a memory disturbance. The most common cause is mesial temporal
sclerosis. Surgery may be complicated by decreased cognitive function.
Simple Partial Seizures - ANSWER Are seizures involving small areas of the temporal
lobe such as the amygdala and hippocampus. There is no impairment to the level of
, consciousness.
Complex Partial seizures - ANSWER seizures which impair LOC. They typically start with
a single partial seizure, then spread to a greater part of the temporal lobe. may include :
motionless staring automatic movements of the hands or mouth inability to respond
unusual speech or other unusual behaviours
Deep brain stimulation-ANSWER neurosurgical procedure involving the implantation of
a medical device called a brain pacemaker, which sends electrical impulses, through
implanted electrodes, to specific parts of the brain-brain nucleus-for the treatment of
movement and affective disorders.
Ketogenic Diet - ANSWER A high fat, low-carb diet used to treat intractable seizures in
children. The diet forces the liver to convert fat into ketone bodies, which replace
glucose as an energy source. The elevated level of ketone bodies leads to a reduction in
seizures. May help Lenox Gastaut.
Wada test-ANSWER Used to determine hemispheric dominance, is conducted with the
patient awake. Sodium amobarbital is injected into one of the internal carotid arteries
one hemisphere at a time in order to assess language and memory function.
Hemispherectomy- ANSWER removal or a functional disconnection of most, or all of,
one half of the cerebrum. It is reserved for people with the most catastrophic epilepsies,
such as those due to Rasmussen syndrome.
Frontal lobe- ANSWER Hyper motor behaviour comes from what lobe?
Pentobarbital - ANSWER The trade name for this medication is Nembutal, also has an
indication in decreasing intracranial pressure in Reye's syndrome, traumatic brain
injury and induction of coma in cerebral ischemia patients.
Visual Cortex - ANSWER The area of the cortex occupying the whole surface of the
occipital lobe, & comprised of Brodmanns areas 17-19. It receives visual information
from the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus
