Pathoma High Yields- Questions and Answers 100% Pass
What three locations does EBV primarily infect? Correct Ans-1. Oropharynx
2. Liver
3. B Cells
Kids who contract EBV should follow what recommendation? Why? Correct Ans-Avoid
contact sports for 1 year
Increased risk for splenic rupture
What group represents the most common class of patients to develop Acute Lymphoblastic
Leukemia? Correct Ans-Most commonly arises in children and is associated with Down
Syndrome that USUALLY DEVELOPS AFTER THE AGE OF 5 YEARS -> "down syndrome kids
always want ALL the hugs"
What are the two most common translocations that lead to ALL and what groups are they
seen in? Correct Ans-t(12;21) has a good prognosis -> commonly seen in children
(especially Down syndrome patients after age 5)
t(9;22) has a poor prognosis -> commonly seen in adults (Philadelphia chromosome)
How do you differentiate lymphoblasts from myeloblasts? Correct Ans-Lymphoblasts = TdT
(+)
,Pathoma High Yields- Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Myeloblasts = MPO (+)
How do you differentiate B-ALL from T-ALL? Correct Ans-MAINLY THE PRESENCE OF CD10
B-ALL will have the following cell markers: CD10, CD19, and CD20
T-ALL will have the following cell markers: CD2 up to CD8 (AND NO CD10!)
What is a possible diagnosis for a Thymic mass that presents in a Teenager? Hint: When kids
become teenagers, suddenly they may become very what? Correct Ans-T-ALL
What is the classic diagnosis for crystal aggregates of MPO seen on histology? What are these
aggregates called? Correct Ans-Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Auer Rods
Who gets APL and what is the issue associated with it? Correct Ans-Acute Promyelocytic
Leukemia is considered A MEDICAL EMERGENCY DUE TO RISK FOR DIC
t(15;17)-translocation of retinoic acid receptor on 17 to 15 -> this blocks maturation and
promyelocytes accumulate
, Pathoma High Yields- Questions and Answers 100% Pass
How do you treat promyelocytic leukemia? Correct Ans-all-trans-retinoic-acid (ATRA)
which is a Vit. A derivative -> this binds the altered retinoic acid receptor and causes the
blasts to mature and eventually die
Where is vWF derived from? Correct Ans-Weibel-Palade bodies of endothelial cells and
alpha granules of platelets
Where does iron absorption occur? Correct Ans-In the duodenum where the enterocytes
have DMT1 heme transporters
What is sideroblastic anemia? Correct Ans-Anemia due to defective protoporphyrin
synthesis
Thalassemia patients have a causative inherited mutation that protects them against what?
Correct Ans-Plasmodium falciparum malaria
What typically causes Alpha-Thalassemia?
What typically causes Beta-Thalassemia? Correct Ans-Alpha = GENE DELETION
Beta = GENE MUTATIONS
What do the electrophoresis results from a Beta-Thalassemia major patient show? Correct
Ans-Little or no hemoglobin alpha
What three locations does EBV primarily infect? Correct Ans-1. Oropharynx
2. Liver
3. B Cells
Kids who contract EBV should follow what recommendation? Why? Correct Ans-Avoid
contact sports for 1 year
Increased risk for splenic rupture
What group represents the most common class of patients to develop Acute Lymphoblastic
Leukemia? Correct Ans-Most commonly arises in children and is associated with Down
Syndrome that USUALLY DEVELOPS AFTER THE AGE OF 5 YEARS -> "down syndrome kids
always want ALL the hugs"
What are the two most common translocations that lead to ALL and what groups are they
seen in? Correct Ans-t(12;21) has a good prognosis -> commonly seen in children
(especially Down syndrome patients after age 5)
t(9;22) has a poor prognosis -> commonly seen in adults (Philadelphia chromosome)
How do you differentiate lymphoblasts from myeloblasts? Correct Ans-Lymphoblasts = TdT
(+)
,Pathoma High Yields- Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Myeloblasts = MPO (+)
How do you differentiate B-ALL from T-ALL? Correct Ans-MAINLY THE PRESENCE OF CD10
B-ALL will have the following cell markers: CD10, CD19, and CD20
T-ALL will have the following cell markers: CD2 up to CD8 (AND NO CD10!)
What is a possible diagnosis for a Thymic mass that presents in a Teenager? Hint: When kids
become teenagers, suddenly they may become very what? Correct Ans-T-ALL
What is the classic diagnosis for crystal aggregates of MPO seen on histology? What are these
aggregates called? Correct Ans-Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Auer Rods
Who gets APL and what is the issue associated with it? Correct Ans-Acute Promyelocytic
Leukemia is considered A MEDICAL EMERGENCY DUE TO RISK FOR DIC
t(15;17)-translocation of retinoic acid receptor on 17 to 15 -> this blocks maturation and
promyelocytes accumulate
, Pathoma High Yields- Questions and Answers 100% Pass
How do you treat promyelocytic leukemia? Correct Ans-all-trans-retinoic-acid (ATRA)
which is a Vit. A derivative -> this binds the altered retinoic acid receptor and causes the
blasts to mature and eventually die
Where is vWF derived from? Correct Ans-Weibel-Palade bodies of endothelial cells and
alpha granules of platelets
Where does iron absorption occur? Correct Ans-In the duodenum where the enterocytes
have DMT1 heme transporters
What is sideroblastic anemia? Correct Ans-Anemia due to defective protoporphyrin
synthesis
Thalassemia patients have a causative inherited mutation that protects them against what?
Correct Ans-Plasmodium falciparum malaria
What typically causes Alpha-Thalassemia?
What typically causes Beta-Thalassemia? Correct Ans-Alpha = GENE DELETION
Beta = GENE MUTATIONS
What do the electrophoresis results from a Beta-Thalassemia major patient show? Correct
Ans-Little or no hemoglobin alpha
