General Biology - Final Exam
Study Guide Questions and
Answers
Describe the difference between a theory and a hypothesis. - -A hypothesis
is a prediction that can be tested. A theory has been tested several times, by
scientists, with the same results and date.
-Define
a. Independent Variable
b. Dependent Variable
c. Control - -a. What is being tested
b. Variable being measured
c. Constant
-List the characteristics of living organisms. - -Made of cells
Can reproduce
-Define the symbiotic relationships.
a. Predation
b. Parasitism
c. Commensalism
d. Mutualism - -a. One animal captures and feeds on another animal
b. One species benefits, one is harmed
c. One species benefits, one is unaffected
d. Both species benefit from the relationship
-Describe what an arrow means in a food chain. - -The direction in which the
food chain goes
-How is a carrying capacity of an ecosystem affected? - -Growth stops
-The monomer of carbohydrates are: - -Monosaccharides
-Which macromolecule is used for long-term energy storage, insulated the
body and cushions organs? - -Lipids
-This macromolecule contains the instructions for making proteins and the
genetic information. - -Nucleic Acids
-Enzymes are made from which macromolecule? - -Proteins
-Cell wall in plants is made from which macromolecule? - -Cellulose
, -When we did the Food nutrients Lab, Lugol's Iodine was used to indicate
which substance? - -Starch - it turns blue
-Draw and label the enzyme-substrate complex. - -
-What happens if enzymes are exposed to extreme temperatures? - -Stop
working
-Describe how enzymes work. - -They speed up reactions
-Where does the substrate bind? - -To the active site on the enzyme
-Define denature. - -Unfold
-What is a cell? - -The smallest function unit
-Who was the first person to describe cells? And what did he observe? - -
Robert Hooke; Dead cell walls of cork [plant] cells
-List the 3 parts of the cell theory. - -1.) All known living things are made up
of cells
2.) All living cells come from pre-existing cells through division
3.) Cells are the basic structure and function of life
-Describe the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic. - -Prokaryotic
- simple, single-celled organisms
Eukaryotic - complex, multicelled organisms
-Describe what each of the organelles do in a cell.
a. Ribosomes
b. Chloroplasts
c. Golgi Apparatus
d. Lysosomes
e. Mitochondria
f. Nucleus
g. Vacuole - -a. produces proteins (attaches amino acids together)
b. does photosynthesis
c. packages proteins into vesicles to leave the cell
d. holds enzymes to breakdown materials
e. produces energy (ATP)
f. holds DNA, control center
g. stores materials in cell
Study Guide Questions and
Answers
Describe the difference between a theory and a hypothesis. - -A hypothesis
is a prediction that can be tested. A theory has been tested several times, by
scientists, with the same results and date.
-Define
a. Independent Variable
b. Dependent Variable
c. Control - -a. What is being tested
b. Variable being measured
c. Constant
-List the characteristics of living organisms. - -Made of cells
Can reproduce
-Define the symbiotic relationships.
a. Predation
b. Parasitism
c. Commensalism
d. Mutualism - -a. One animal captures and feeds on another animal
b. One species benefits, one is harmed
c. One species benefits, one is unaffected
d. Both species benefit from the relationship
-Describe what an arrow means in a food chain. - -The direction in which the
food chain goes
-How is a carrying capacity of an ecosystem affected? - -Growth stops
-The monomer of carbohydrates are: - -Monosaccharides
-Which macromolecule is used for long-term energy storage, insulated the
body and cushions organs? - -Lipids
-This macromolecule contains the instructions for making proteins and the
genetic information. - -Nucleic Acids
-Enzymes are made from which macromolecule? - -Proteins
-Cell wall in plants is made from which macromolecule? - -Cellulose
, -When we did the Food nutrients Lab, Lugol's Iodine was used to indicate
which substance? - -Starch - it turns blue
-Draw and label the enzyme-substrate complex. - -
-What happens if enzymes are exposed to extreme temperatures? - -Stop
working
-Describe how enzymes work. - -They speed up reactions
-Where does the substrate bind? - -To the active site on the enzyme
-Define denature. - -Unfold
-What is a cell? - -The smallest function unit
-Who was the first person to describe cells? And what did he observe? - -
Robert Hooke; Dead cell walls of cork [plant] cells
-List the 3 parts of the cell theory. - -1.) All known living things are made up
of cells
2.) All living cells come from pre-existing cells through division
3.) Cells are the basic structure and function of life
-Describe the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic. - -Prokaryotic
- simple, single-celled organisms
Eukaryotic - complex, multicelled organisms
-Describe what each of the organelles do in a cell.
a. Ribosomes
b. Chloroplasts
c. Golgi Apparatus
d. Lysosomes
e. Mitochondria
f. Nucleus
g. Vacuole - -a. produces proteins (attaches amino acids together)
b. does photosynthesis
c. packages proteins into vesicles to leave the cell
d. holds enzymes to breakdown materials
e. produces energy (ATP)
f. holds DNA, control center
g. stores materials in cell
