Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions
With Complete Solutions
What is a homologues? members of a pair of chromosomes
What is a homologous chromosome? one of two paired chromosomes, one from each
parent, that carries genes for a specific trait at the same location
What is the cell cycle? an orderly set of stages that take place between the time a
eukaryotic cell divides and the time the resulting daughter cells also divide (mitosis)
What happens before the next division? (mitosis) the cell grows larger, number of
organelles double, DNA is replicated
What are the two major stages of the cell cycle? (mitosis) Interphase (includes several
stages) - cell growing
Mitotic stage (includes mitosis and cytokinesis) - division of the nucleus
Most of the cell cycle is spent in what stage? (mitosis) Interphase (growing stage), but
varies by cell type
, Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions
With Complete Solutions
ex. skill cells will stay in this phase a lot, nerve cells will not
How long does interphase last for adult mammalian cells? (mitosis) about 20 hours, which
is 90% of the cell cycle
What are the three stages of interphase? (mitosis) G1, S, G2
What happens during G1 stage? (mitosis) the cell grows and synthesizes many enzymes
and nutrients for later during DNA replication
What is each double helix called? chromatid
What are two identical chromatids called? sister chromatids
How many chromosomes enter S phase? (mitosis) 1 chromatid each
How many chromosomes leave S phase? (mitosis) 2 identical chromatids (sister
chromatids) each
, Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions
With Complete Solutions
What happens during G2 stage? (mitosis) cell synthesizes proteins (happens between
DNA replication and onset of mitosis)
What stage does the cell going into after interphase? (mitosis) M stage
What stages go under the M stage? (mitosis) mitosis (nuclear division) and cytokinesis
(division of the cytoplasm)
During mitosis, daughter chromosomes are distributed by what? mitotic spindle
How many checkpoints are there in the cell cycle? three
What are cyclins? signaling proteins used at checkpoints that increase and decrease as the
cell cycle continues
Where are the checkpoints in the cell cycle? (mitosis) G1 stage, G2 stage, and M stage
, Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions
With Complete Solutions
What is a signal? a molecule that influences the activities of a cell
What is the primary checkpoint of the cell cycle? (mitosis) G1 checkpoint
What is the signaling protein in mammalian cells? p53 (stops the cycle at the G1
checkpoint when DNA is damaged)
What is apoptosis? programmed cell death
What protein is responsible for interpreting growth signals and also nutrient availability signals?
(mitosis) RB (retinoblastoma)
What cancer occurs when the RB gene undergoes a mutation? cancer of the retina
What does the checkpoint at the M stage check for? (mitosis) Make sure the chromosomes
line up together before splitting into two during metaphase
With Complete Solutions
What is a homologues? members of a pair of chromosomes
What is a homologous chromosome? one of two paired chromosomes, one from each
parent, that carries genes for a specific trait at the same location
What is the cell cycle? an orderly set of stages that take place between the time a
eukaryotic cell divides and the time the resulting daughter cells also divide (mitosis)
What happens before the next division? (mitosis) the cell grows larger, number of
organelles double, DNA is replicated
What are the two major stages of the cell cycle? (mitosis) Interphase (includes several
stages) - cell growing
Mitotic stage (includes mitosis and cytokinesis) - division of the nucleus
Most of the cell cycle is spent in what stage? (mitosis) Interphase (growing stage), but
varies by cell type
, Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions
With Complete Solutions
ex. skill cells will stay in this phase a lot, nerve cells will not
How long does interphase last for adult mammalian cells? (mitosis) about 20 hours, which
is 90% of the cell cycle
What are the three stages of interphase? (mitosis) G1, S, G2
What happens during G1 stage? (mitosis) the cell grows and synthesizes many enzymes
and nutrients for later during DNA replication
What is each double helix called? chromatid
What are two identical chromatids called? sister chromatids
How many chromosomes enter S phase? (mitosis) 1 chromatid each
How many chromosomes leave S phase? (mitosis) 2 identical chromatids (sister
chromatids) each
, Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions
With Complete Solutions
What happens during G2 stage? (mitosis) cell synthesizes proteins (happens between
DNA replication and onset of mitosis)
What stage does the cell going into after interphase? (mitosis) M stage
What stages go under the M stage? (mitosis) mitosis (nuclear division) and cytokinesis
(division of the cytoplasm)
During mitosis, daughter chromosomes are distributed by what? mitotic spindle
How many checkpoints are there in the cell cycle? three
What are cyclins? signaling proteins used at checkpoints that increase and decrease as the
cell cycle continues
Where are the checkpoints in the cell cycle? (mitosis) G1 stage, G2 stage, and M stage
, Exam 3: Biology 1010 – SLCC Questions
With Complete Solutions
What is a signal? a molecule that influences the activities of a cell
What is the primary checkpoint of the cell cycle? (mitosis) G1 checkpoint
What is the signaling protein in mammalian cells? p53 (stops the cycle at the G1
checkpoint when DNA is damaged)
What is apoptosis? programmed cell death
What protein is responsible for interpreting growth signals and also nutrient availability signals?
(mitosis) RB (retinoblastoma)
What cancer occurs when the RB gene undergoes a mutation? cancer of the retina
What does the checkpoint at the M stage check for? (mitosis) Make sure the chromosomes
line up together before splitting into two during metaphase
