SLCC Pathophysiology Exam 3 GUIDE
FROM CATT86 Questions With Complete
Solutions
3 Second Assessment Check wrist pulse ask them to take a deep breath and move their
foot
Airways
Breathing
Circulation
Decrease in neurological function
Arteriosclerosis An INFLAMMATORY PROCESS that causes abnormal thickening and
hardening of arterial wall from deposition of collagen into vessel wall leads to diminished
distensability.
Atherosclerosis is the narrowing of the artery because of plaque build-up. It is a form of
arteriosclerosis resulting from fat being deposited in vessel wall that reduce lumen size.
Steps of Atherosclerosis Development 1. Ulceration of vessel-tear arterial wall
2. Fatty streak
, SLCC Pathophysiology Exam 3 GUIDE
FROM CATT86 Questions With Complete
Solutions
3. Fibrous plaque
4. Complicated lesion (Thrombosis)
5. Thrombus to Embolus-could result in everything from localized tissue necrosis to death from a
pulmonary embolism that lodges in the lungs
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Etiology: atherosclerosis, vasospasm, thrombi
Incidence: 50% all deaths (35% deaths in 35-65 year old)
Pathophysiology: coronary artery occlusion → decreased myocardial perfusion → myocardial
ischemia → angina → ischemia persists (>20 minutes) → ischemic cells are injured → injured
cells necrosis (Myocardial infarction) → myocardium scars over dead tissue dead tissue will not
conduct electrical current → NO HEART BEAT! (this results in abnormal EKG readings).
Risk Factors Coronary Artery Disease Non-modifiable - age >60, gender especially male,
genetic predisposition, Type I Diabetes
Modifiable - hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol), hypertension, smoking, obesity, sedentary
lifestyle, Type II Diabetes.
, SLCC Pathophysiology Exam 3 GUIDE
FROM CATT86 Questions With Complete
Solutions
DVT RISK FACTORS: Prior history of a DVT (**this is the #1 highest risk factor**);
Pregnancy;
sitting for long periods (i.e., driving/flying); desk job; Birth control pills; obesity; smoking.
Pathophysiology: hemostasis→ activation of intrinsic clotting cascade → thrombus formation
that is the source of blood clots that break off and travel to different parts of the body (emboli) -
usually to lungs and causing P.E. (pulmonary emboli).
S/S: tenderness, swelling, redness/warmth in affected leg (when compared to other leg)
Rx: anticoagulants (like Heparin, Coumadin, Plavix or Lovenox) and prevention
Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Drug Therapy: ARB
*end in -in
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Drug Therapy: ACE Inhibitor
Beta blocker Drug Therapy: Blocks beta receptors I (heart) & II (lungs). Heart slows
down and lowers blood pressure. Causes lungs to bronco-dilate and causes coughing.
*End in -olol
FROM CATT86 Questions With Complete
Solutions
3 Second Assessment Check wrist pulse ask them to take a deep breath and move their
foot
Airways
Breathing
Circulation
Decrease in neurological function
Arteriosclerosis An INFLAMMATORY PROCESS that causes abnormal thickening and
hardening of arterial wall from deposition of collagen into vessel wall leads to diminished
distensability.
Atherosclerosis is the narrowing of the artery because of plaque build-up. It is a form of
arteriosclerosis resulting from fat being deposited in vessel wall that reduce lumen size.
Steps of Atherosclerosis Development 1. Ulceration of vessel-tear arterial wall
2. Fatty streak
, SLCC Pathophysiology Exam 3 GUIDE
FROM CATT86 Questions With Complete
Solutions
3. Fibrous plaque
4. Complicated lesion (Thrombosis)
5. Thrombus to Embolus-could result in everything from localized tissue necrosis to death from a
pulmonary embolism that lodges in the lungs
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Etiology: atherosclerosis, vasospasm, thrombi
Incidence: 50% all deaths (35% deaths in 35-65 year old)
Pathophysiology: coronary artery occlusion → decreased myocardial perfusion → myocardial
ischemia → angina → ischemia persists (>20 minutes) → ischemic cells are injured → injured
cells necrosis (Myocardial infarction) → myocardium scars over dead tissue dead tissue will not
conduct electrical current → NO HEART BEAT! (this results in abnormal EKG readings).
Risk Factors Coronary Artery Disease Non-modifiable - age >60, gender especially male,
genetic predisposition, Type I Diabetes
Modifiable - hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol), hypertension, smoking, obesity, sedentary
lifestyle, Type II Diabetes.
, SLCC Pathophysiology Exam 3 GUIDE
FROM CATT86 Questions With Complete
Solutions
DVT RISK FACTORS: Prior history of a DVT (**this is the #1 highest risk factor**);
Pregnancy;
sitting for long periods (i.e., driving/flying); desk job; Birth control pills; obesity; smoking.
Pathophysiology: hemostasis→ activation of intrinsic clotting cascade → thrombus formation
that is the source of blood clots that break off and travel to different parts of the body (emboli) -
usually to lungs and causing P.E. (pulmonary emboli).
S/S: tenderness, swelling, redness/warmth in affected leg (when compared to other leg)
Rx: anticoagulants (like Heparin, Coumadin, Plavix or Lovenox) and prevention
Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Drug Therapy: ARB
*end in -in
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Drug Therapy: ACE Inhibitor
Beta blocker Drug Therapy: Blocks beta receptors I (heart) & II (lungs). Heart slows
down and lowers blood pressure. Causes lungs to bronco-dilate and causes coughing.
*End in -olol
