GH 125 A&P Chapters 8 and 9 Test With Complete Solution

GH 125 A&P Chapters 8 and 9 Test With
Complete Solution


Bones - 4 types - ANSWER Long (femur, humerus) - covered in dense fibrous
tissue

Short (carpals, metacarpals, phalanges)

Flat (skull)

Irregular (vertebrae)

Parts of a long bone - ANSWER Diaphysis (shaft) yellow marrow, fat stores

Epiphysis (2 ends) red marrow, red blood cell production, responsible for
bone growth

Bone Structure - ANSWER Focus on: Epiphysis, diaphysis, epiphyseal line

Articular cartilage

Cancellous bone (spongy)

Red marrow and yellow marrow cavities

Compact bone

Medullary cavity

Endosteum and Periosteum

Formation of bone - ANSWER Cartilage present before birth, calcify as they
turn into bone after birth

, Osteoblasts - bone forming cells

Osteocytes - surround osteoblasts to make new bone

Osteoclasts - breakdowns existing bone for new bone growth




Cartilage - ANSWER Chondrocytes (cartilage cells)

Lack blood vessels

Heals slowly

Fontanel (soft spot) on baby's skull

Suture Line - where skull bones meet and fuse




Bones - ANSWER Skeleton: refer to figure 8-9, p. 182




Facial bones - ANSWER Focus on:

Mandible (lower jaw): moveable

Maxilla (upper jaw): non-moveable

Both have teeth




Sella turcica - ANSWER Cavity in the skull "small seat" that contains the
pituitary gland