CLTM ASET Exam Questions and Answers with Solutions 2024

LH (Lutenizing hormmone) is produced where? - Pituitary gland (anterior pituitary) What are the benefits of presurgical mapping in epilepsy surgery or tumor removal cases? (select all that apply) – *minimize functional deficit *provide data for intra-operative guidance and maximize resection *assess risk and benefit of surgery *plan surgical approach Why is it important to record eye movements, EKG, EMG & respirations on neonatal EEGs? - Which of the following electrophysiological events is thought to generate the EEG signal? (mult answers) - *EPSP *IPSP High concentration of neural soma (neuronal cell bodies) - Gray matter a spike has a duration of? - 20-7- milliseconds In the bipole of the eye - The cornia is positive with respect to the retina A is a secure connection on the internet that uses cryptographic methods to limit the uses access - VPN Rare & fatal neurological disorder thought to be assoc w/ measles virus, usually developing in children or adolescents with progressive dementia, myoclonic jerks & sz w/ characteristic EEG pattern of diffuse periodic complexes seen early in the development of the disease & having long interval between 4-15 seconds - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis An artifact that can mimic frontal slowing, even with eye leads in place is - glossokinetic (GKP) Which of the following is an abnormal cortical response to photic driving? - photoparoxysmal response often produces polymorphonuclear cell responses resulting in widespread slow wave activity. Epileptiform activity may be seen as well. - Bacterial meningitis Non-convulsive status epilepticus lasting greater than 20 hours may result in ? - death What function is the primary difference between the WAN and the mega- WAN? - The facility WAN is usually connected to the internet and external users Why is the Wada test performed? - verifies language and memory function in the brain Similar to alhzeimers, affects the frontal and temporal lobes first, with earliest symptoms showing up as changes in personality and decline in function at home and work. - Pick's disease The drug phenytoin (dilantin) will have little effect on the EEG at therapeutic levels, however when approaching toxic levels the drug can cause what EEG change? - slowing in the background alpha and increased gen delta activity Artifacts that can impair adequate interpretation during therapeutic hypothermia cEEG monitoring are? (mult answers) - *sweat artifact during re-warming *60hz from other ICU instruments *shivering from patient *pulse *IV drip How does stroke present? - *sudden onset (key factor) *focal neurological deficits *weakness & numbness *speech arrest, difficult or slurring or confusion or balance disturbance or any combo. Hemorrhagic stroke is caused by a rupture of the blood vessels which feed the brain. (T/F) - True EEG/LTM information systems are designed to (mult answers) - *provide efficient digital recording & manipulation of the overwhelming amount of data *digitalized video & EEG signals easily transmitted between various computers using network tech driven by the observation, interpretation & storage needs that define the function of the EMU/LTM *store video and EEG digital data and transmit it to staff who observe, interpret, prune and archive relevant portions of that info *allows for a combo of human screening algorithmic detection and marking of relevant portions of the recording by patients and staff. This syndrome is defined as severe developmental delay and multiple sz types - LGS In , old bone is broken down and replaced at a faster rate than normal. The new bone is larger, softer, weaker, and more easily broken than normal bone. This disease can affect any bones, including the skull, spine, hip, pelvis, and limbs. - Paget's disease Patients with prior status epilepticus or freq sz should be monitored - *ideally for 24-48 hrs *until they are sz free The onset of stage 2 sleep is indicated by the appearance of - sleep spindles most sz in the ICU are non-convulsive - True The EEG recording during infantile spasm would likely show - electrodecremental event (sudden onset of low volt act) w/ brief run of beta or alpha act during the spasm w/ return of hypsarrhythmia after the sz. Which of the following is an expected outcome of an analysis of your protected data? - *the determination of which back up method should be used *when to use encryption data *the ID of what data should be backed up *the type of data encryption to be used. is a genetic epilepsy syndrome whose gene has bee mapped to chromosomes 6 and becomes evident in normal teenagers w/ early morning myoclonic jerks & GTC's - JME A disorder of severe language regression and receptive aphasia, often mistaken for autism is - Landau-Kleffner syndrome The trigeminal nerve is? - is the major sensory nerve of the face The olfactory aura preceding a major seizure is - the hallucination of an unpleasant smell The most common form of NCSE(non-clinical status epilepticus)in hospitalized and critically ill icu pts is - a secondary generalized NCSE Retrospective studies of acutely ill children with non-convulsive sz & NCSE have reported HIE as a common acute etiology - TRUE The importance of knowing the gestational age and the chronological age in any particular neonate is because - it helps to determine what EEG rhythms are normal for a particular age group This type of imaging can be used to map language, motor spikes and evaluate cerebral blood flow - fMRI 24 hrs of EEG recording w/ video uses hoe much storage space? - 14 GB What % of children who have a febrile sz will have another non-feb sz by the age of 7yrs? - 5% ? Which of the following are benefits of a wide area network (WAN) - *it can cover an extended distribution * user rights are typically used to regulate users If your elderly uncle called you to tell you he had been experiencing difficulty getting out of chairs for several months and now noted that his hands had rhythmic tremor while he was watching TV, it would be reasonable to suspect - Parkinsons disease Info of the portion of the brain that develops from the three primary vesicles of the embryonic neural tube is called - mesencephalitis (involves the midbrain) Electrocerebral inactivity is defined as no electrical activity greater then - 2.0 uv The EEG is not as sensitive in picking up immediate changes in blood flow of the brain as imaging techniques such as CT & MRI - FALSE-changes are immediately seen in EEG while they are still not visible on standard imaging tests A good practive to limit the exposure of data to unauthorized persons is to use only secure connections such as SSL - TRUE Fasciculation refers to - involuntary twitching of muscle fibers In an absence seizure the patient is - unaware of the enviroment During this event the patient stretches, has slowing of HR, & then loses consciousness briefly - stretch syncope Parkinsonism is caused by unknown mechanisms leading to cell death in the - substantia nigra The periodic pattern seen with Herpes Simplex Enchephalitis most often occurs in he - temporal lobes cEEG is useful to ID clinically silent neurological events in ICU pts - True Named for the japanese term "puff of smoke" because of the appearance of these pts angiogram, this disorder causes children to suffer from strokes - Moya-Moya disease It is common for a defect in the skull either from surgery or injurt to produce which of the following patterns? - breach rhythm The EEG of an aphasic pt whose CT scan reveals subdural hematoma is most likely to show - attenuation of background in the left hemisphere A patient can become the pathway for least resistance and therefore electrically susceptible to shock when - the pt has an indwelling heart catheter During active sleep the full term neonate has - irregular respirations and EMG? Rare and fatal neurological disorder presenting clinically w/ cognitive changes, followed by behavioral changes, then myoclonic jerks, followed by severe dementia w/ a characteristic EEG pattern consisting of periodic short interval diffuse discharges at a rate pf 0.5 to 1sec - Crutzfeldt-jakob disease/CJD Breach rhythm is produced by - skull defect Xanthochromic refers to - the yellowish appearance of cerebrospinal fluid in particular medical conditions especially subarachnoid hemorrhage. Sharply contoured rhythmic theta can be - wickets An EEG recording showing periodic long interval diffuse discharges recurring at intervals of 4-15 sec in a child or adolescent w/cognitive disturbances, irritability, myoclonic jerks, seizures and personality changes; - SSPE Diffuse rhythmic theta along with sharply contoured occip delta seen in light sleep is normal in a child - age 12 months- 2 yrs On a neurological exam, a typical ? might be "How is a car like a bicycle?" The pts response is determined by - the pts ability to compare items in abstract fashion In LTM the electrode set up is - the standard international 10-20 system placement The stimulating electrode of the VNS is wrapped around the cervical portion of the vagus nerve - Left vagus nerve Most burns assoc w/ END electrodes can be described as skin tissue that is altered from its normal physiologic state, so the appropriate term for electrode burn is - lesion Networks connected to the hospital backbone - *are connected to the hospitals network *may have security restrictions Magnetic resonance spectroscopy uses MRI imaging to give quantitative chemical info of the brain, displayed graphically. This can be combined w/ an MRI and is called - MRSI Recent cardiac illness, recent stroke, distressed breathing, extreme hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, severe asthma, MoyaMoya disease, sickle cell anemia, and intra-cranial or extra-cranial hemorrhage are all - indications to omit HV during EEG A partial seizure - arises from a localized area of abnormality in one part of the brain Anterograde amnesia leave the pt - unable to form and store new memories The term incidence refers to - the number of new patients with a given diagnosis appearing in a defined population over a period of time (such as a month or year) No difference in electrical potential is called - equipotential A disorder often confused with parkinsons disease at the onset, with more aggressive symptoms is called - Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) Temporal spikes &/sharp waves occurring at a rate of one every 1 to 3 seconds are seen with - Herpes simplex encephalitis In children what % of sz were detected in the first hour? 24 hours? - 50% and 80% Bicycling movements in the neonate - is a sign of seizures in a neonate Sodium amytal is used in neurodiagnostics for - wada test A clinical syndrome characterized by loss of function in multiple cognitive abilities in an individual with prev. normal or higher intellect is called - dementia Spinocerebellar degeneration - Friedreichs Ataxia Seizures may frequently occur in pts with encephalitis and the EEG may be expected to show activity - viral and paroxysmal epileptiform Which two basic montages should you use during electrode screening? - #381 A biphasic horizontal, vertical, diagonal or rotaional ocular oscillation in which at least one phase is slow - Homonymous hemianopsia An acquired disorder of language secondary to focal brain damage in the dominant hemisphere - aphasia Which types of electrodes are currently used for cEEG - *scalp disk electrodes *subdermal needle or wire electrodes Alzheimers is a disorder - cortical The substantia nigra supplies the neurotransmitter - dopamine Gum hypertrophy and coarsening of facial features are a side effect of - phenytoin A wide area network can be used to link multiple focal area networks - True A FT neonate usually enters into sleep in a state - REM Brenda Milner is - neuropsychologist To aid in the diagnosis of narcolepsy which test is performed? - Multiple sleep latency Inflamm of the coverings of the brain or spinal cord is called - meningitis Which infection is most likely to produce headache, fever, nuchal rigidity, coma, and death? - Meningitis Disadvantages of digital EEG recording include - Not all techs are comfortable with computers (what yr is this?!) Infantile spasms have also been called - Jacknife seizures Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) in humans in transmitted by and called - Prions, CJD A port wine stain birthmark on the face is a characteristic sign of - sturge weber syndrome Which electrodes do not record directly from the brain? - subdermal When connecting electrodes to cables be sure to - *observe connectivity via a monitor *begin with the first amplifier and the first cable *verify and/ all ID features (electrode colors, labels, etc.) *complete a hook up worksheet. Around a blood vessel? - perivascular? other answers; *necrosis-no *phagocytosis *hyperplasia-wrong answer benzodiazepines reduce - REM sleep Atonic sz are freq in - LGS To minimize artifact from a high freq ventilator or ECMO pump - keep the headbox off the bed A is a string of characters used to authenticate a user identity - password In a Columbia study of comatose pts evaluated separately what % did not have their 1st sz recorded until 24 hrs? 48 hrs? - 20% & 13%