ATI Proctored Exam Pediatrics

A nurse is caring for an adolescent following a lumbar puncture. which of the following actions should the nurse take? - initiate NPO status for the adolescent - place the adolescent in a supine position - place a moist, warm pack on the adolescents lower back - apply a eutectic mixture of local anesthetics to the adolescent's puncture site - Place the adolescent in supine position (The nurse should place the adolescent in a supine position for 30 minutes to an 1 hour following a lumbar puncture to decrease the risk of a post Dural puncture headache) A nurse is assessing a child who is receiving IV chemotherapy. assessment findings include extravasation of the tissues surrounding the IV insertion site. In which order should the nurse take the following actions? -Remove IV line -Elevate the extremity -Stop the infusion -Notify the provider - Stop the infusion Elevate the extremity Notify the provider Remove the IV line A nurse is discussing the causes of chronic diarrhea with a client. which of the following conditions is caused by malabsorption -Celiac disease -Ulcerative colitis -Hirschsprung's disease -Crohn's disease - Celiac Disease (the nurse should recognize that celiac disease causes chronic diarrhea due to malabsorption. other malabsorption conditions include short bowel syndrome, lactose intolerance, and congenital enzyme deficiency) A nurse is caring for an 8 year old child who has sickle cell anemia. which of the following actions should the nurse take? -Apply cool compresses to the painful area -Initiate contact isolation precautions -Give the child flavored popsicles -Administer phytonadione - Give the child flavored popsicles (Maintaining hydration with a child who has sickle cell anemia is important to prevent sickling. children often accept flavored popsicles as a source of fluid A nurse is caring for a toddler who has a fever, a high pitched cry, irritability, and vomiting. which of the following actions should the nurse take? -Administer 81 mg of aspirin to the toddler -Give the toddler a cold bath -Place the toddler in a supine position -Pad the rails of the toddler's bed - Pad the rails of the toddler's bed (When caring for a toddler who has manifestations of bacterial meningitis, the nurse should implement seizure precautions, which includes padding the side rails of the bed) A Nurse is teaching the guardian of a preschooler. The guardian states that the preschooler has had an imaginary playmate for about 3 months. which of the following pieces of information should the nurse give to guardian? -children commonly begin having imaginary friends when they reach school age -Notify your provider if the imaginary friend persists longer than 6 months -Have your child take responsibility for actions if he tries to blame the imaginary friend -Set limits by not allowing your child to have the imaginary friend present during family meals - Have your child take responsibility or actions if he tries to blame the imaginary friend (the nurse should inform the guardian that imaginary playmates are common during the preschool years due to the high level of imagination among this age group. Although having an imaginary friend is considered healthy, the preschooler might try to use this imaginary friend as a means of avoiding responsibility or punishment for unacceptable behavior. the nurse should inform the guardian of the need to have the preschooler take responsibility for his actions) A nurse in a providers office enters an examination room to assess an 8 month old infant for the first time. which of the following reactions by the infant should the nurse expect. -The infant gives the nurse a social smile -the infant turns away when the nurse approaches -The infant reaches out to the nurse to be held -The infant is responsive and alert as the nurse comes closer - the infant turns away when the nurse approaches (the nurse should expect an 8 month old infant to have a heightened fear of strangers. the infant is expected to cling to her parent and turn away when approached by a stranger.) A nurse is caring for a toddler who has gastroenteritis caused by salmonella. which of the following is the priority action for the nurse? -Weigh the child -Initiate contact precautions -Establish a skin care routine -Obtain a recent food history - Initiate contact precautions (Salmonella is a type of bacteria that is transmitted via contaminated feces, making contact precautions essential for preventing transmission. This client is at great risk for transmission of salmonella to others; therefore, contact precautions are the nurse's priority) A nurse is caring for a 4 month old child who is hospitalized. which f the following toys hsould the nurse provide for the child? -A board book with large pictures -A toy with movable parts -A plastic mirror -Push pull toy - A plastic mirror (A 4 month old infant can recognize herself and will also attempt to play with the baby in the mirror. a mirror is a bright object that provides appropriate visual stimulation for this age group. For the infants safety, however, the mirror must be unbreakable) A nurse is planning care for an adolescent who has sickle cell anemia and is experiencing a vaso occlusive crisis. which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? -Apply cold compresses to the child's extremities -Administer meperidine every 4 hr until the crisis has resolved -Maintain the child on bed rest -Decrease the child's fluid intake for 8 hours - Maintain the child on bed rest (The nurse should maintain bed rest for this child who is experiencing a vaso occlusive crisis to minimize energy expenditure and avoid additional oxygen needs A nurse is planning care for a 3 month old infant who has an ileostomy. which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? -Avoid laying the infant on his abdomen -avoid tucking the appliance into the infants diaper -check the bag for stool every 4 hours -Replace the appliance every 3 days - Check the bag for stool every 4 hours (the nurse should check the bag for stool every 4 hours or less to prevent the bag from overfilling and leaking stool from an ileostomy is acidic and can cause excoriation of the skin) A nurse is caring for an infant who has gastroenteritis and is dehydrated. which of the following characteristics places the infant at a higher risk of electrolyte imbalances compared to an adult client? -Less extracellular fluid -Reduced body surface area -Longer intestinal tract -Decreased rate of metabolism - Longer intestinal tract (Compared to adults or older children, infants have a longer intestinal tract. this results in greater fluid losses, especially through diarrhea)