SLCC Physiology Exam 2 Questions
Correct Answers Current Update (A+
Pass)
Anterior Pituitary - Answers -✔✔ Hypothalamus is connected to it through a capillary
system called the hypothalamic-pituitary portal system
Posterior Pituitary - Answers -✔✔ Hypothalamus is connected to it through a nerve
impulse
Posterior Pituitary Hormones - Answers -✔✔ neurotransmitters
ADH-Antidiuretic Hormone: Control Blood volume AKA vasopressin-->Smooth muscles
in blood vessels (both increase blood pressure)
Oxytocin: Stimulate Uterine contractions, mammeries, bonding
Hyposecretion of ADH - Answers -✔✔ diabetes insipidus caused by decrease of ADH
Hypothalamic Pituitary Portal System - Answers -✔✔ Links two capillary beds to
exchange between blood and tissue occurs in capillaries-pick up hypothalamus
hormones to deliver to be picked up in the pituitary gland that will secrete their hormone
into the full blood system
Tropic Hormones - Answers -✔✔ Secreted by hypothalamus to signal secondary
hormones to anterior pituitary to travel to distant endocrine gland to trigger release of
hormone.
Releasing hormones
Inhibiting hormones
Hypothalamic Tropic Hormones - Answers -✔✔ Releasing hormones are Peptides:
Prolactin releasing hormone (PRH)
Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)
Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)
Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH)
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
Inhibiting hormones:
Prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH) = dopamine (only Steroid)
Growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH or somatostatin)
Anterior Pituitary Hormones - Answers -✔✔ Prolactin-->Mammary-->Milk
Growth hormone (GH)-->growth & Metabolism
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)-->Thyroid Hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-->Adrenal glands
, Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)-->develop ovoocytes, increase estrogen, Male
Sperm development
Luteinizing hormone (LH)-->stimulates ovulation
Effects of Growth Hormone (GH) - Answers -✔✔ Growth: Bones, soft tissue
Tropic hormone: Liver—> insulin-like growth factors (IGFs)—>Metabolism=increases
protein synthesis, increases release of fatty acids from adipose tissue (lipolysis),
increases blood glucose
Growth Hormone - Answers -✔✔ GH. A hormone released by the anterior pituitary that
targets all cells in the body. Growth hormone stimulates whole body growth in children
and adolescents, and increases cell turnover rate in adults.
Hyposecretion of GH - Answers -✔✔ Dwarfism-child onset
Hypersecretion of GH - Answers -✔✔ Gigantism-child-onset, Acromegaly-adult-onset
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone - Answers -✔✔ Alt. Name: Thyroid Hormone, TH.
Hormone made by the anterior pituitary that regulates the production of T3
(triiodothyronine), T4(tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine), Calcitonin, Decreases calcium
levels in blood.
Hyperthyroidism - Answers -✔✔ a hormone imbalance that increases BMR
Hypothyroidism - Answers -✔✔ a hormone imbalance that decreases BMR, Cretinism-
child onset, Goiter-enlarged thyroid gland
Parathyroid Hormone - Answers -✔✔ Increase Ca2+ levels in blood and stimulates
kidneys to activate Vitamin D3
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - Answers -✔✔ Alt. Names: ACTH. Hormone that signals
adrenal cortex to produce glucocorticoids and androgens.
Cushings - Answers -✔✔ Hypersecretion of ACTH that metabolizes energy stores but
then deposits in the wrong place
Addison's Disease - Answers -✔✔ Hyposecretion of ACTH imbalance that causes Na+
& H20 Low BP
Antidiuretic Hormone - Answers -✔✔ Alt. Name ADH, Vasopressin. Control Blood
volume through kidney functions. Smooth muscles in blood vessels dilate-contract to
both increase/decrease blood pressure. Disorder: Hyposecetion- Diabetes insipidus
Oxytocin - Answers -✔✔ Alt Name: bonding hormone. Stimulates uterine contractions
during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding.
Correct Answers Current Update (A+
Pass)
Anterior Pituitary - Answers -✔✔ Hypothalamus is connected to it through a capillary
system called the hypothalamic-pituitary portal system
Posterior Pituitary - Answers -✔✔ Hypothalamus is connected to it through a nerve
impulse
Posterior Pituitary Hormones - Answers -✔✔ neurotransmitters
ADH-Antidiuretic Hormone: Control Blood volume AKA vasopressin-->Smooth muscles
in blood vessels (both increase blood pressure)
Oxytocin: Stimulate Uterine contractions, mammeries, bonding
Hyposecretion of ADH - Answers -✔✔ diabetes insipidus caused by decrease of ADH
Hypothalamic Pituitary Portal System - Answers -✔✔ Links two capillary beds to
exchange between blood and tissue occurs in capillaries-pick up hypothalamus
hormones to deliver to be picked up in the pituitary gland that will secrete their hormone
into the full blood system
Tropic Hormones - Answers -✔✔ Secreted by hypothalamus to signal secondary
hormones to anterior pituitary to travel to distant endocrine gland to trigger release of
hormone.
Releasing hormones
Inhibiting hormones
Hypothalamic Tropic Hormones - Answers -✔✔ Releasing hormones are Peptides:
Prolactin releasing hormone (PRH)
Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)
Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)
Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH)
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
Inhibiting hormones:
Prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH) = dopamine (only Steroid)
Growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH or somatostatin)
Anterior Pituitary Hormones - Answers -✔✔ Prolactin-->Mammary-->Milk
Growth hormone (GH)-->growth & Metabolism
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)-->Thyroid Hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-->Adrenal glands
, Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)-->develop ovoocytes, increase estrogen, Male
Sperm development
Luteinizing hormone (LH)-->stimulates ovulation
Effects of Growth Hormone (GH) - Answers -✔✔ Growth: Bones, soft tissue
Tropic hormone: Liver—> insulin-like growth factors (IGFs)—>Metabolism=increases
protein synthesis, increases release of fatty acids from adipose tissue (lipolysis),
increases blood glucose
Growth Hormone - Answers -✔✔ GH. A hormone released by the anterior pituitary that
targets all cells in the body. Growth hormone stimulates whole body growth in children
and adolescents, and increases cell turnover rate in adults.
Hyposecretion of GH - Answers -✔✔ Dwarfism-child onset
Hypersecretion of GH - Answers -✔✔ Gigantism-child-onset, Acromegaly-adult-onset
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone - Answers -✔✔ Alt. Name: Thyroid Hormone, TH.
Hormone made by the anterior pituitary that regulates the production of T3
(triiodothyronine), T4(tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine), Calcitonin, Decreases calcium
levels in blood.
Hyperthyroidism - Answers -✔✔ a hormone imbalance that increases BMR
Hypothyroidism - Answers -✔✔ a hormone imbalance that decreases BMR, Cretinism-
child onset, Goiter-enlarged thyroid gland
Parathyroid Hormone - Answers -✔✔ Increase Ca2+ levels in blood and stimulates
kidneys to activate Vitamin D3
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - Answers -✔✔ Alt. Names: ACTH. Hormone that signals
adrenal cortex to produce glucocorticoids and androgens.
Cushings - Answers -✔✔ Hypersecretion of ACTH that metabolizes energy stores but
then deposits in the wrong place
Addison's Disease - Answers -✔✔ Hyposecretion of ACTH imbalance that causes Na+
& H20 Low BP
Antidiuretic Hormone - Answers -✔✔ Alt. Name ADH, Vasopressin. Control Blood
volume through kidney functions. Smooth muscles in blood vessels dilate-contract to
both increase/decrease blood pressure. Disorder: Hyposecetion- Diabetes insipidus
Oxytocin - Answers -✔✔ Alt Name: bonding hormone. Stimulates uterine contractions
during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding.
