Exam 2 PCB 3233 UCF
When the Mannose receptor are engaged what mechanism is initiated in a phagocyte - correct answer
✔✔Activate the Lectin complement cascade
Enhance complement fixation to pathogen surfaces
When the CR3 CR4 receptor are engaged what mechanism is initiated in a phagocyte - correct answer
✔✔CR3 and CR4 recognize iC3b and other ligands such as:
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide (Gram negative bacteria)
- Lipophosphoglycan
- Filamentous hemagglutinin
- Cell-surface structures on yeast
When the Scavenger receptor are engaged what mechanism is initiated in a phagocyte - correct answer
✔✔preference for molecules that are negatively charged
Nucleic acids, phosphate-containing lipoteichoic acids (Gram positive bacteria) and LPS (Gram negative
bacteria)
When the following receptors are engaged what mechanism is initiated in a macrophage? TLR's. - correct
answer ✔✔TLR-4 expressed on Macrophages
TLR-4 detects LPS and sends a signal to the nucleus of the macrophage to make and secrete
inflammatory cytokines as well as cytokines that activate innate immune responses
What do TLR 3, 4, 5 and 7 bind to? - correct answer ✔✔Ligands
TLR3= double-stranded viral RNA Microorganisms recognized = RNA viruses
TLR4= lipopolysaccharide microorganisms recognized = gram negative bacteria
TLR5= Flagellin, protein Microorganisms recognized = bacteria
TLR7= single-stranded viral RNA's Microorganisms recognized = RNA viruses
, Know the TLR4 signaling mechanism. All of the extracellular including LBP and intracellular, MyD88-TIR
domain and IKK-NFkB-àsignaling. - correct answer ✔✔a. Adaptor protein →MyD88
b. Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase (IRAK)
c. Translocation of TF nuclear factor κB (NFκB) from cytoplasm to the nucleus
d. Directs the transcription of genes for inflammatory cytokines
what 5 genes (that you learned about) are transcribed because of the TLR-4 recognition? - correct
answer ✔✔1. IL-1
2. IL-6,
3. CXCL8,
4. IL-12
5. TNF-α
What is the general term given to these 5 gene products of TLR4? - correct answer ✔✔Proinflammatory
Cytokines
Know what neutrophils do and what lineage they come from during hematopoiesis. - correct answer
✔✔Dedicated phagocytes that are summoned to sites of infection
Excluded from healthy tissue
Release of inflammatory mediators at infection sites are what attracts neutrophils
Neutrophils become dominant phagocytic cells
Neutrophils → pus
What is another name for neutrophils. - correct answer ✔✔Neutrophil Granulocytes
(Polymorphonuclear PMN)
4 classes of adhesion molecules - correct answer ✔✔Selectins= bind carbohydrates. Initiate leukocyte-
endothelial interaction
Mucin-like vascular addressins= Bind to L-selectin. Initiate leukocyte-endothelial interaction
When the Mannose receptor are engaged what mechanism is initiated in a phagocyte - correct answer
✔✔Activate the Lectin complement cascade
Enhance complement fixation to pathogen surfaces
When the CR3 CR4 receptor are engaged what mechanism is initiated in a phagocyte - correct answer
✔✔CR3 and CR4 recognize iC3b and other ligands such as:
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide (Gram negative bacteria)
- Lipophosphoglycan
- Filamentous hemagglutinin
- Cell-surface structures on yeast
When the Scavenger receptor are engaged what mechanism is initiated in a phagocyte - correct answer
✔✔preference for molecules that are negatively charged
Nucleic acids, phosphate-containing lipoteichoic acids (Gram positive bacteria) and LPS (Gram negative
bacteria)
When the following receptors are engaged what mechanism is initiated in a macrophage? TLR's. - correct
answer ✔✔TLR-4 expressed on Macrophages
TLR-4 detects LPS and sends a signal to the nucleus of the macrophage to make and secrete
inflammatory cytokines as well as cytokines that activate innate immune responses
What do TLR 3, 4, 5 and 7 bind to? - correct answer ✔✔Ligands
TLR3= double-stranded viral RNA Microorganisms recognized = RNA viruses
TLR4= lipopolysaccharide microorganisms recognized = gram negative bacteria
TLR5= Flagellin, protein Microorganisms recognized = bacteria
TLR7= single-stranded viral RNA's Microorganisms recognized = RNA viruses
, Know the TLR4 signaling mechanism. All of the extracellular including LBP and intracellular, MyD88-TIR
domain and IKK-NFkB-àsignaling. - correct answer ✔✔a. Adaptor protein →MyD88
b. Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase (IRAK)
c. Translocation of TF nuclear factor κB (NFκB) from cytoplasm to the nucleus
d. Directs the transcription of genes for inflammatory cytokines
what 5 genes (that you learned about) are transcribed because of the TLR-4 recognition? - correct
answer ✔✔1. IL-1
2. IL-6,
3. CXCL8,
4. IL-12
5. TNF-α
What is the general term given to these 5 gene products of TLR4? - correct answer ✔✔Proinflammatory
Cytokines
Know what neutrophils do and what lineage they come from during hematopoiesis. - correct answer
✔✔Dedicated phagocytes that are summoned to sites of infection
Excluded from healthy tissue
Release of inflammatory mediators at infection sites are what attracts neutrophils
Neutrophils become dominant phagocytic cells
Neutrophils → pus
What is another name for neutrophils. - correct answer ✔✔Neutrophil Granulocytes
(Polymorphonuclear PMN)
4 classes of adhesion molecules - correct answer ✔✔Selectins= bind carbohydrates. Initiate leukocyte-
endothelial interaction
Mucin-like vascular addressins= Bind to L-selectin. Initiate leukocyte-endothelial interaction
