PCB 3233 EXAM 6
If you got multiple immunizations with the same antigen, what would you find with regard to Ab levels
(IgG) and antibody affinity? - correct answer ✔✔-IgG would increase
-affinity would be high
What is the difference between protective immunity and secondary immune response? - correct answer
✔✔Primary response:
-small number of pathogen-specific cells respond at the start
-delay before pathogen-specific antibodies are produced
-non-isotype-switched antibody having a mixture of affinities for the pathogen is produced at the start
-high threshold of activation
-delay before effector T cells are generated and are able to enter infected tissues
-innate immunity works alone until an adaptive response is generated
Secondary response:
-large numbers of pathogen-specific cells respond immediately
-pathogen-specific antibodies already present
-antibodies are isotope-switched and have high affinity for the pathogen
-lower threshold for activation
-effector T ells are present and can enter infected tissue immediately
-close cooperation between innate and adaptive immunity from the start
What cells/molecules are used in each? - correct answer ✔✔primary- naive cells
secondary- memory cells (not naive)
Do B-cells go through the same types of processes during a secondary immune response as they do
during a primary immune response? - correct answer ✔✔yes
, Do we typically have more memory B-cells specific for antigen in a secondary IR than we had naïve B-cell
(antigen specific) in the primary response? - correct answer ✔✔more memory cells in 2 response
Know what original antigenic sin is and how to use the concept if you are asked a clinical type of
question. - correct answer ✔✔a phenomenon whereby the first influenza strain to infect a person
constrains the future response to the other strains
Can a naive B cell be activated in a secondary immune response? - correct answer ✔✔No
Can we use this knowledge to help us in things like hemolytic disease of the newborn (how does
RhoGAM work)? - correct answer ✔✔-Yes
-RhoGAM tricks mom's immune response into thinking that it is a 2 immune response
-First pregnancy of RhD- mother carrying a RhD+ fetus-->primary immune response, IgM plus low
amounts of low-affinity IgG-->minor destruction of fetal erythrocytes by anti-RhD IgG--> healthy
newborn baby
-Second and subsequent pregnancies of RhD- mother carrying a RhD+ fetus--> secondary immune
response abundant, high-affinity IgG transcytosed to fetal circulation-->massive destruction of fetal
erythrocytes triggered by anti-RhD IgG-->Anemic newborn babies
-First and subsequent pregnancies of RhD- mother carrying a RhD+ fetus and infused with anti-Rh IgG--
>primary immune response to RhD is inhibited by the presence of RhD-specific IgG--> fetal erythrocytes
are not destroyed-->healthy newborn babies
Understand figure 11.12 - correct answer ✔✔Highly mutable viruses such as infuenza gradually escape
from immunological memory without stimulating a compensatory immune response. A person's history
of infection with infuenza is shown here. The first infection is with a strain of influenza virus that elicits a
primary antibody response to viral epitopes A, B, C, and D. The next four infections are with viruses that
successively lose the epitopes of the first virus and gain in turn the epitopes E, F, G, and H. With each
infection the strength of the person's memory response declines but cannot be compensated for by a
new primary response until all the epitopes of the original strain are lost at the fifth infection. Then, no
memory response is elicited, disease ensues, and a primary immune response against all the new
epitopes is made.
If you got multiple immunizations with the same antigen, what would you find with regard to Ab levels
(IgG) and antibody affinity? - correct answer ✔✔-IgG would increase
-affinity would be high
What is the difference between protective immunity and secondary immune response? - correct answer
✔✔Primary response:
-small number of pathogen-specific cells respond at the start
-delay before pathogen-specific antibodies are produced
-non-isotype-switched antibody having a mixture of affinities for the pathogen is produced at the start
-high threshold of activation
-delay before effector T cells are generated and are able to enter infected tissues
-innate immunity works alone until an adaptive response is generated
Secondary response:
-large numbers of pathogen-specific cells respond immediately
-pathogen-specific antibodies already present
-antibodies are isotope-switched and have high affinity for the pathogen
-lower threshold for activation
-effector T ells are present and can enter infected tissue immediately
-close cooperation between innate and adaptive immunity from the start
What cells/molecules are used in each? - correct answer ✔✔primary- naive cells
secondary- memory cells (not naive)
Do B-cells go through the same types of processes during a secondary immune response as they do
during a primary immune response? - correct answer ✔✔yes
, Do we typically have more memory B-cells specific for antigen in a secondary IR than we had naïve B-cell
(antigen specific) in the primary response? - correct answer ✔✔more memory cells in 2 response
Know what original antigenic sin is and how to use the concept if you are asked a clinical type of
question. - correct answer ✔✔a phenomenon whereby the first influenza strain to infect a person
constrains the future response to the other strains
Can a naive B cell be activated in a secondary immune response? - correct answer ✔✔No
Can we use this knowledge to help us in things like hemolytic disease of the newborn (how does
RhoGAM work)? - correct answer ✔✔-Yes
-RhoGAM tricks mom's immune response into thinking that it is a 2 immune response
-First pregnancy of RhD- mother carrying a RhD+ fetus-->primary immune response, IgM plus low
amounts of low-affinity IgG-->minor destruction of fetal erythrocytes by anti-RhD IgG--> healthy
newborn baby
-Second and subsequent pregnancies of RhD- mother carrying a RhD+ fetus--> secondary immune
response abundant, high-affinity IgG transcytosed to fetal circulation-->massive destruction of fetal
erythrocytes triggered by anti-RhD IgG-->Anemic newborn babies
-First and subsequent pregnancies of RhD- mother carrying a RhD+ fetus and infused with anti-Rh IgG--
>primary immune response to RhD is inhibited by the presence of RhD-specific IgG--> fetal erythrocytes
are not destroyed-->healthy newborn babies
Understand figure 11.12 - correct answer ✔✔Highly mutable viruses such as infuenza gradually escape
from immunological memory without stimulating a compensatory immune response. A person's history
of infection with infuenza is shown here. The first infection is with a strain of influenza virus that elicits a
primary antibody response to viral epitopes A, B, C, and D. The next four infections are with viruses that
successively lose the epitopes of the first virus and gain in turn the epitopes E, F, G, and H. With each
infection the strength of the person's memory response declines but cannot be compensated for by a
new primary response until all the epitopes of the original strain are lost at the fifth infection. Then, no
memory response is elicited, disease ensues, and a primary immune response against all the new
epitopes is made.
