BIL 150 Exam 2 Review || ANSWERS RATED 100%
CORRECT.
Which of the following statements is correct regarding starch and cellulose? correct answers
They are polymers of glucose.
Why can humans digest starch but not cellulose? correct answers Humans have enzymes that
can hydrolyze the α-glycosidic linkages of starch but not the β-
glycosidic linkages of cellulose.
Which of the following statements correctly describes "saturated fats"? correct answers They
contain more hydrogen than unsaturated fats that consist of the same number of carbon
atoms.
Which part of an amino acid gives it its unique identity? correct answers The components of
its side chain
What does the "acid" in the name "amino acid" refer to? correct answers The -COOH
(carboxylic acid) group attached to the central Carbon
The tertiary structure of a protein is determined by _________ correct answers Interactions
between the R groups (side chains) of different amino acids in a polypeptide
If 14C-labeled uracil is added to the growth medium of cells, what macromolecules will be
labeled? correct answers RNA
The "flow of genetic information" in molecular biology follows the following path,
________. correct answers DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is translated into protein
E. coli is an average-sized bacterium that lives in the lower intestine of mammals. Imagine
that you are shrunk down to the size of an E. coli cell (about 1x10-6 meters = 1000
nanometers = 1 micrometer). From your new perspective, an average protein molecule (about
1x10-8 meters = 10 nanometers) would be roughly the size of: correct answers a marble that
fits onto the end of your index finger.
E. coli is an average-sized bacterium that lives in the lower intestine of mammals. Imagine
that you are shrunk down to the size of an E. coli cell (about 1x10-6 meters = 1000
nanometers = 1 micrometer). Coincidentally, you are now also approximately the size of an
average condensed human chromosome. From your new perspective, approximately how
many of you could fit into the nucleus of a human cell (diameter about 1x10-5 meters, or a
radius of 5x10-6 meters): correct answers 5^3 = 125.
Which of the following statements best describes one major difference between prokaryotic
cells and eukaryotic cells? correct answers Eukaryotic cells have mitochondria, while
prokaryotic cells do not.
Which of the following differences best explains why Eukaryotic cells have membrane-
bound organelles but prokaryotic cells do not? correct answers Eukaryotic cells are much
, larger than prokaryotic cells and therefore require cell processes to be compartmentalized due
to diffusion limitation.
Disruption of nuclear pore complexes in a eukaryotic cell will most likely interfere with the
transport of which of the following molecules out of the nucleus? correct answers mRNA
Examination of a cell by transmission electron microscopy reveals a high density of
ribosomes in the cytoplasm. This observation suggests that the cell is actively producing large
amounts of which of the following molecules? correct answers Proteins
The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following
structures is abundant in liver cells and primarily responsible for detoxification processes?
correct answers Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following organelles is primarily responsible for the production and
modification of glycoproteins that will be secreted? correct answers Golgi apparatus
A cell with a predominance of rough endoplasmic reticulum is most likely involved in which
of the following processes? correct answers Producing large quantities of proteins for
secretion
A cell with a predominance of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is most likely specialized to
carry out which of the following processes? correct answers Synthesis of large quantities of
lipids
Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic disorder that results in cellular accumulation of very
large, complex, undigested lipids. Which of the following organelles is most likely defective
in
Tay-Sachs disease? correct answers The lysosome
A newly synthesized protein destined for secretion from a eukaryotic cell will generally
follow which of the pathways listed below? correct answers rough ER → Golgi → transport
vesicle → plasma membrane
Asbestos is a material that was extensively used in construction for decades. One risk from
working in a building that contains asbestos is the development of asbestosis caused by the
inhalation of asbestos fibers. Cells will take up asbestos by phagocytosis, but are not able to
degrade it. Toxicity most likely results from accumulation of asbestos in which of the
following
organelles? correct answers Lysosomes
Disruption of the function of which of the following organelles would result in a dramatic
decrease in ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells? correct answers Mitochondrion
Cyanide binds with at least one protein complex involved in producing ATP. If a cell is
exposed to cyanide, most of the bound cyanide is likely to be localized within which of the
following organelles? correct answers Mitochondria
CORRECT.
Which of the following statements is correct regarding starch and cellulose? correct answers
They are polymers of glucose.
Why can humans digest starch but not cellulose? correct answers Humans have enzymes that
can hydrolyze the α-glycosidic linkages of starch but not the β-
glycosidic linkages of cellulose.
Which of the following statements correctly describes "saturated fats"? correct answers They
contain more hydrogen than unsaturated fats that consist of the same number of carbon
atoms.
Which part of an amino acid gives it its unique identity? correct answers The components of
its side chain
What does the "acid" in the name "amino acid" refer to? correct answers The -COOH
(carboxylic acid) group attached to the central Carbon
The tertiary structure of a protein is determined by _________ correct answers Interactions
between the R groups (side chains) of different amino acids in a polypeptide
If 14C-labeled uracil is added to the growth medium of cells, what macromolecules will be
labeled? correct answers RNA
The "flow of genetic information" in molecular biology follows the following path,
________. correct answers DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is translated into protein
E. coli is an average-sized bacterium that lives in the lower intestine of mammals. Imagine
that you are shrunk down to the size of an E. coli cell (about 1x10-6 meters = 1000
nanometers = 1 micrometer). From your new perspective, an average protein molecule (about
1x10-8 meters = 10 nanometers) would be roughly the size of: correct answers a marble that
fits onto the end of your index finger.
E. coli is an average-sized bacterium that lives in the lower intestine of mammals. Imagine
that you are shrunk down to the size of an E. coli cell (about 1x10-6 meters = 1000
nanometers = 1 micrometer). Coincidentally, you are now also approximately the size of an
average condensed human chromosome. From your new perspective, approximately how
many of you could fit into the nucleus of a human cell (diameter about 1x10-5 meters, or a
radius of 5x10-6 meters): correct answers 5^3 = 125.
Which of the following statements best describes one major difference between prokaryotic
cells and eukaryotic cells? correct answers Eukaryotic cells have mitochondria, while
prokaryotic cells do not.
Which of the following differences best explains why Eukaryotic cells have membrane-
bound organelles but prokaryotic cells do not? correct answers Eukaryotic cells are much
, larger than prokaryotic cells and therefore require cell processes to be compartmentalized due
to diffusion limitation.
Disruption of nuclear pore complexes in a eukaryotic cell will most likely interfere with the
transport of which of the following molecules out of the nucleus? correct answers mRNA
Examination of a cell by transmission electron microscopy reveals a high density of
ribosomes in the cytoplasm. This observation suggests that the cell is actively producing large
amounts of which of the following molecules? correct answers Proteins
The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following
structures is abundant in liver cells and primarily responsible for detoxification processes?
correct answers Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following organelles is primarily responsible for the production and
modification of glycoproteins that will be secreted? correct answers Golgi apparatus
A cell with a predominance of rough endoplasmic reticulum is most likely involved in which
of the following processes? correct answers Producing large quantities of proteins for
secretion
A cell with a predominance of smooth endoplasmic reticulum is most likely specialized to
carry out which of the following processes? correct answers Synthesis of large quantities of
lipids
Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic disorder that results in cellular accumulation of very
large, complex, undigested lipids. Which of the following organelles is most likely defective
in
Tay-Sachs disease? correct answers The lysosome
A newly synthesized protein destined for secretion from a eukaryotic cell will generally
follow which of the pathways listed below? correct answers rough ER → Golgi → transport
vesicle → plasma membrane
Asbestos is a material that was extensively used in construction for decades. One risk from
working in a building that contains asbestos is the development of asbestosis caused by the
inhalation of asbestos fibers. Cells will take up asbestos by phagocytosis, but are not able to
degrade it. Toxicity most likely results from accumulation of asbestos in which of the
following
organelles? correct answers Lysosomes
Disruption of the function of which of the following organelles would result in a dramatic
decrease in ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells? correct answers Mitochondrion
Cyanide binds with at least one protein complex involved in producing ATP. If a cell is
exposed to cyanide, most of the bound cyanide is likely to be localized within which of the
following organelles? correct answers Mitochondria
