PCB 3233 Exam One UCF
Immunology is the study of - correct answer ✔✔physiological mechanisms that are used to defend the
body from invasion by foreign or infectious agents
In response to diseases caused by infectious agents, the body develops cells dedicated to defense, these
form... - correct answer ✔✔the immune system
protective/adaptive immunity takes time to develop while ________________________ can _________
_______- and cause disease - correct answer ✔✔microorganisms can rapidly multiply
Immunity involves two responses: - correct answer ✔✔1. Flexible but specific defenses of the adaptive
immune response
2. Fixed defenses of the innate immune response
In adaptive = - correct answer ✔✔B and T cells
(you MUST inheret something from your parents)
To make B and T cells you need - correct answer ✔✔three segments of DNA that make a gene.
During vaccination we are given the strongest - correct answer ✔✔primary adaptive immune response
- correct answer ✔✔
microbes survive on ..... and release - correct answer ✔✔-animal and plant products
-release digestive enzymes
microbes grow on - correct answer ✔✔living tissues (extracellular) where they are bathed in nutrients
,other intracellular microbes infect animal/human cells, utilizing - correct answer ✔✔host cell sources
Some microbes are ________ and even __________ (ex:_____________) - correct answer ✔✔some are
harmless and helpful
ex: E. Coli
What is protecive immunity? - correct answer ✔✔People who survive a specific infection become
immune to it
To provide protective immunity, the immune system must first - correct answer ✔✔engage the
microorganism
What is the lag time between infection and protection? - correct answer ✔✔around 7 days
True or false, the first infection is the most dangerous one - correct answer ✔✔true
true or false, Disease is NOT prevented by prior exposure to an attenuated/killed infectious agent -
correct answer ✔✔false
Who recognized that only those who had recovered from the plague could nurse the sick without
becoming sick again? - correct answer ✔✔430 BC- Thucydides
During the fifteenth century- Chinese and Turks used what to induce immunity? What is this called? -
correct answer ✔✔dried crusts from smallpox pustules (inhaled or inserted into small cuts in the skin
"variolation")
Origins of immunology attributed to who? What did he discover? - correct answer ✔✔-Edward Jenner
-Discovered in 1796 that cowpox "vaccinia" protected from human smallpox
a pathogen is - correct answer ✔✔Any organism with potential to cause disease
ex: Influenza and typhoid bacillus
, Opportunistic pathogens cause disease if - correct answer ✔✔the body's defenses are weakened or it
gets into a part of the body it isn't normally found.
What are the four classes of pathogens? - correct answer ✔✔bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites
Candida albicans- - correct answer ✔✔normal inhabitant of the human body, thrush & systemic
infections
Staphylococcus aureus- - correct answer ✔✔gram positive bacterium that colonizes human skin, pimples
& boils
Mycobacterium tuberculosis- - correct answer ✔✔causes tuberculosis
Over _____ microbial species in the human gut (normal flora) This is called - correct answer ✔✔-1000
-Commensal bacteria (eat at the same table. Not harmful)
What is first line of external defense against infection? - correct answer ✔✔skin - it is a tough
impenetrable barrier
If a disease shares the same _________ (like smallpox and cowpox) you can use one or the other to
create a vaccination - correct answer ✔✔epitope
Mucosal surfaces are bathed in mucus; thick fluid containing ___________________,
____________________, and _____________________ - protective - correct answer ✔✔glycoproteins,
proteoglycans, and enzymes
Lysozyme in tears (~ 40% of protein) and saliva is - correct answer ✔✔- antibacterial
Why is Respiratory tract mucus continuously removed? - correct answer ✔✔to clear unwanted material
Immunology is the study of - correct answer ✔✔physiological mechanisms that are used to defend the
body from invasion by foreign or infectious agents
In response to diseases caused by infectious agents, the body develops cells dedicated to defense, these
form... - correct answer ✔✔the immune system
protective/adaptive immunity takes time to develop while ________________________ can _________
_______- and cause disease - correct answer ✔✔microorganisms can rapidly multiply
Immunity involves two responses: - correct answer ✔✔1. Flexible but specific defenses of the adaptive
immune response
2. Fixed defenses of the innate immune response
In adaptive = - correct answer ✔✔B and T cells
(you MUST inheret something from your parents)
To make B and T cells you need - correct answer ✔✔three segments of DNA that make a gene.
During vaccination we are given the strongest - correct answer ✔✔primary adaptive immune response
- correct answer ✔✔
microbes survive on ..... and release - correct answer ✔✔-animal and plant products
-release digestive enzymes
microbes grow on - correct answer ✔✔living tissues (extracellular) where they are bathed in nutrients
,other intracellular microbes infect animal/human cells, utilizing - correct answer ✔✔host cell sources
Some microbes are ________ and even __________ (ex:_____________) - correct answer ✔✔some are
harmless and helpful
ex: E. Coli
What is protecive immunity? - correct answer ✔✔People who survive a specific infection become
immune to it
To provide protective immunity, the immune system must first - correct answer ✔✔engage the
microorganism
What is the lag time between infection and protection? - correct answer ✔✔around 7 days
True or false, the first infection is the most dangerous one - correct answer ✔✔true
true or false, Disease is NOT prevented by prior exposure to an attenuated/killed infectious agent -
correct answer ✔✔false
Who recognized that only those who had recovered from the plague could nurse the sick without
becoming sick again? - correct answer ✔✔430 BC- Thucydides
During the fifteenth century- Chinese and Turks used what to induce immunity? What is this called? -
correct answer ✔✔dried crusts from smallpox pustules (inhaled or inserted into small cuts in the skin
"variolation")
Origins of immunology attributed to who? What did he discover? - correct answer ✔✔-Edward Jenner
-Discovered in 1796 that cowpox "vaccinia" protected from human smallpox
a pathogen is - correct answer ✔✔Any organism with potential to cause disease
ex: Influenza and typhoid bacillus
, Opportunistic pathogens cause disease if - correct answer ✔✔the body's defenses are weakened or it
gets into a part of the body it isn't normally found.
What are the four classes of pathogens? - correct answer ✔✔bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites
Candida albicans- - correct answer ✔✔normal inhabitant of the human body, thrush & systemic
infections
Staphylococcus aureus- - correct answer ✔✔gram positive bacterium that colonizes human skin, pimples
& boils
Mycobacterium tuberculosis- - correct answer ✔✔causes tuberculosis
Over _____ microbial species in the human gut (normal flora) This is called - correct answer ✔✔-1000
-Commensal bacteria (eat at the same table. Not harmful)
What is first line of external defense against infection? - correct answer ✔✔skin - it is a tough
impenetrable barrier
If a disease shares the same _________ (like smallpox and cowpox) you can use one or the other to
create a vaccination - correct answer ✔✔epitope
Mucosal surfaces are bathed in mucus; thick fluid containing ___________________,
____________________, and _____________________ - protective - correct answer ✔✔glycoproteins,
proteoglycans, and enzymes
Lysozyme in tears (~ 40% of protein) and saliva is - correct answer ✔✔- antibacterial
Why is Respiratory tract mucus continuously removed? - correct answer ✔✔to clear unwanted material
