Medsci 142-Neurons Exam Questions And
Correct Answers
Epithalamus - ANSWER A small region superior and posterior to the thalamus.
Composed of pineal gland and habenular nuclei.
Pineal Gland - ANSWER About the size of a pea. In the epithalamus. Projects from the
posterior midline of third ventricle. Part of endocrine system due to its secretion of the
hormone melatonin (hormone for signaling sleep).
Habenuclear Nuclei - ANSWER Involved in olfaction, especially emotional responses to
smells. e.g. Mum's cookies, loved ones cologne.
Olfaction - ANSWER Action of smelling
Post-Central Gyrus - ANSWER Primary sensory cortex. A lesion in this area may stop
feeling to the corresponding area of the body.
Pre-Central Gyrus - ANSWER Primary motor function (motor strip). Every cell involved in
muscle movement is located there. Each position corresponds to a muscle in the body.
E.g. a specific points moves your thumb. Soma topically organised (homunculus-body
map).
Central Sulcus - ANSWER Key defining landmark
Frontal Lobe - ANSWER Frontal association cortex-Intelligence, personality, behaviour,
mood, cognitive function
Occipital Lobe - ANSWER Slightly more tightly packed gyrus
, Temporal Lobe - ANSWER Temporal association cortex-memory, mood, aggression,
intelligence
Pariental Lobe - ANSWER Parietal association cortex-spatial skills, 3D recognition,
shapes, face, concept, abstract, perception.
Pareto Occipital Sulcus - ANSWER
Lateral Fissure - ANSWER Chasm most obvious
Wernicke's Area - ANSWER Secondary auditory cortex. Identifies sounds. Higher
processing e.g. pen clicking in the background, interpret speech.
Fluent Aphasia - ANSWER A lesion in the Wernick's area. This means able to talk but not
make any sense. able to understand speech. To test this you ask them a question and if
they answer in way that is not comprehendible then they have fluent aphasia
Broca's Area - ANSWER Located next to the pre-central sulcus. The ability to formulate
speech. Area right next to where the point where lip motion is located on the pre-central
gyrus.
Arcuate Fascicules - ANSWER A connection between the Wernicke's area and the
Broca's area. Arch shaped. Millions of fibres connecting them. This allows the brain to
understand speech and than formulate speech effectively.
Connectional Aphasia- ANSWER A lesion located on the arcuate fascicules. this is
tested by telling the person to copy what you say and if they can't they have this type of
aphasia
Non-Fluent Aphasia/ Motor Aphasia- ANSWER A lesion located on the Broca's area. This
is when the person cannot formulate speech
Correct Answers
Epithalamus - ANSWER A small region superior and posterior to the thalamus.
Composed of pineal gland and habenular nuclei.
Pineal Gland - ANSWER About the size of a pea. In the epithalamus. Projects from the
posterior midline of third ventricle. Part of endocrine system due to its secretion of the
hormone melatonin (hormone for signaling sleep).
Habenuclear Nuclei - ANSWER Involved in olfaction, especially emotional responses to
smells. e.g. Mum's cookies, loved ones cologne.
Olfaction - ANSWER Action of smelling
Post-Central Gyrus - ANSWER Primary sensory cortex. A lesion in this area may stop
feeling to the corresponding area of the body.
Pre-Central Gyrus - ANSWER Primary motor function (motor strip). Every cell involved in
muscle movement is located there. Each position corresponds to a muscle in the body.
E.g. a specific points moves your thumb. Soma topically organised (homunculus-body
map).
Central Sulcus - ANSWER Key defining landmark
Frontal Lobe - ANSWER Frontal association cortex-Intelligence, personality, behaviour,
mood, cognitive function
Occipital Lobe - ANSWER Slightly more tightly packed gyrus
, Temporal Lobe - ANSWER Temporal association cortex-memory, mood, aggression,
intelligence
Pariental Lobe - ANSWER Parietal association cortex-spatial skills, 3D recognition,
shapes, face, concept, abstract, perception.
Pareto Occipital Sulcus - ANSWER
Lateral Fissure - ANSWER Chasm most obvious
Wernicke's Area - ANSWER Secondary auditory cortex. Identifies sounds. Higher
processing e.g. pen clicking in the background, interpret speech.
Fluent Aphasia - ANSWER A lesion in the Wernick's area. This means able to talk but not
make any sense. able to understand speech. To test this you ask them a question and if
they answer in way that is not comprehendible then they have fluent aphasia
Broca's Area - ANSWER Located next to the pre-central sulcus. The ability to formulate
speech. Area right next to where the point where lip motion is located on the pre-central
gyrus.
Arcuate Fascicules - ANSWER A connection between the Wernicke's area and the
Broca's area. Arch shaped. Millions of fibres connecting them. This allows the brain to
understand speech and than formulate speech effectively.
Connectional Aphasia- ANSWER A lesion located on the arcuate fascicules. this is
tested by telling the person to copy what you say and if they can't they have this type of
aphasia
Non-Fluent Aphasia/ Motor Aphasia- ANSWER A lesion located on the Broca's area. This
is when the person cannot formulate speech
