Advanced Life Support (2024 LATEST
UPDATE)CORRECT 100%
who is ILCOR - ANSWER International Liason Committee On Resuscitation is an umbrella society that
gains knowledge and research via independent councils worldwide. From this knowledge, they produce
guidelines for use
when did ILCOR first produce their CPR guideline? - ANSWER 2000
SEERS - ANSWER Scientific Evidence Evaluation and Review System
COSTR - ANSWER Consenus on Resus. and Treatment Recommendations is used by ILCOR to review and
ensure we are always using the best evidence based practise in the field
ARC - ANSWER Australian Resus. Council is a member of ILCOR
4 rings of chain of survival - adults - ANSWER - early recognition and call for help
- early cpr
- early defib
- post resus care
how many rings of chain of survival - paeds?
+ most important - ANSWER 5 chains
- first ring child safety and LCOD is injury in children 1yr and above. (targeted interventions is belts and
safety seats in cars and correct use of these)
- 3rd ring is activate emergency response system
what is the most common cause of CA for paeds? - ANSWER asphyxia
,why was the GCS invented + what year - ANSWER 1974, to be used in a hospital setting to determine an
individuals cerebral functioning
steps to obtain GCS (3) (stimulus wise) - ANSWER 1. verballing introduce
2. peripheral stimulus - nail bed pressure (bilateral)
3. central stimulus - trap squeeze (bilateral)
scale of consciousness (7) - ANSWER 1. conscious
2. confused
3. disorientated
4. lethargy
5. stupor
6. vegetative state
7. coma
what is AEIOUTIPS used for - ANSWER diagnostic tool for LOC
AEIOU TIPS - ANSWER Alcohol,
Epilepsy, encephalitis, electrolyte imbalance, endocrine
Insulin, Infection
Overdose or O2 (hypoxia)
Uremia,
Trauma, temp
Ischaemia
Poison
Stroke, shock, space occupying lesions
AEIOUTIPS (alcohol) - ANSWER - ethanol
- CNS depressant
, - absorbed rapidly across the wall of the intestine and carried to the brain
- effects are exacerbated in the elderly
- amount consumed usually results in different types of effects
AEIOUTIPS (ischaemia) - ANSWER - Global ischaemia occurs with the delivery of oxygen and glucose as
well as the removal of metabolic waste products is inadequate
- When dealing with the CNS, unconsciousness occurs within seconds of global ischaemia
- If circulation restored quickly ---> Consciousness regained quickly with minimal long-term physical
impacts
AEIOUTIPS (overdose) - ANSWER - Drugs that lead to effects to the CNS - including prescription drugs and
illicit drugs
(Narcotics, benzodiazepines, anti-depressants, paracetamol, anti psychotics)
- Uncommon that pts are trying to inflict harm on themselves
- TIP: Always suspect poly-pharmacy overdose
AEIOUTIPS (oxygen deficiency) - ANSWER - A lower-than-normal concentration of oxygen in arterial
blood, results in hypoxia (oxygen levels available to tissues and organs). Hypoxia will occur with any
interruption of normal respiration
- Pure hypoxia is the deprivation of oxygen with a maintained blood flow
AEIOUTIPS (uremia) - ANSWER - excessive amounts of urea in the blood
- sign of kidney disease or failure
- clinical syndrome associated with fluid, electrolyte, and hormone imbalances and metabolic
abnormalities, which develop in parallel with deterioration of renal function
- Severe complications of untreated uraemia include seizure, coma, cardiac arrest, and death.
Spontaneous bleeding can occur with severe uraemia and may include gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding,
spontaneous subdural hematomas, increased bleeding from any underlying disorder, or bleeding
associated with trauma
AEIOUTIPS (trauma) - ANSWER - Compression = of skull and / or contents
- Concussion = Brain shake
, - Contusion = hematoma
AEIOUTIPS (temp) - ANSWER - Hyperthermia >40°C
***Temperature regulating mechanisms are overwhelmed by:
- high temperatures in environment or
- Excessive exercise in moderate to extremely high temperatures
***Temperature regulating centers of the body fail - usually in older adults or ill or incapacitated patients
- Hypothermia <35°C
***A decrease in heat production
***An increase in heat loss
***Mild (33-36°C), Moderate (33-34°C) or Severe (<30°C)
AEIOUTIPS (infection) - ANSWER - The invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria,
viruses, and parasites that are not normally present within the body. An infection may cause no
symptoms and be subclinical, or it may cause symptoms and be clinically apparent
- An infection may remain localized, or it may spread through the blood or lymphatic vessels to become
systemic (body wide)
E.g. Sepsis, UTI, URTI, Chest Infection, Pericarditis, Meningitis, Flu
AEIOUTIPS (poison) - ANSWER - Poison is anything that kills or injures through its chemical actions. Most
poisons are swallowed (ingested), but can also be taken up by:
§ Breathing
§ Skin
§ IV injections
§ Exposure to radiation
UPDATE)CORRECT 100%
who is ILCOR - ANSWER International Liason Committee On Resuscitation is an umbrella society that
gains knowledge and research via independent councils worldwide. From this knowledge, they produce
guidelines for use
when did ILCOR first produce their CPR guideline? - ANSWER 2000
SEERS - ANSWER Scientific Evidence Evaluation and Review System
COSTR - ANSWER Consenus on Resus. and Treatment Recommendations is used by ILCOR to review and
ensure we are always using the best evidence based practise in the field
ARC - ANSWER Australian Resus. Council is a member of ILCOR
4 rings of chain of survival - adults - ANSWER - early recognition and call for help
- early cpr
- early defib
- post resus care
how many rings of chain of survival - paeds?
+ most important - ANSWER 5 chains
- first ring child safety and LCOD is injury in children 1yr and above. (targeted interventions is belts and
safety seats in cars and correct use of these)
- 3rd ring is activate emergency response system
what is the most common cause of CA for paeds? - ANSWER asphyxia
,why was the GCS invented + what year - ANSWER 1974, to be used in a hospital setting to determine an
individuals cerebral functioning
steps to obtain GCS (3) (stimulus wise) - ANSWER 1. verballing introduce
2. peripheral stimulus - nail bed pressure (bilateral)
3. central stimulus - trap squeeze (bilateral)
scale of consciousness (7) - ANSWER 1. conscious
2. confused
3. disorientated
4. lethargy
5. stupor
6. vegetative state
7. coma
what is AEIOUTIPS used for - ANSWER diagnostic tool for LOC
AEIOU TIPS - ANSWER Alcohol,
Epilepsy, encephalitis, electrolyte imbalance, endocrine
Insulin, Infection
Overdose or O2 (hypoxia)
Uremia,
Trauma, temp
Ischaemia
Poison
Stroke, shock, space occupying lesions
AEIOUTIPS (alcohol) - ANSWER - ethanol
- CNS depressant
, - absorbed rapidly across the wall of the intestine and carried to the brain
- effects are exacerbated in the elderly
- amount consumed usually results in different types of effects
AEIOUTIPS (ischaemia) - ANSWER - Global ischaemia occurs with the delivery of oxygen and glucose as
well as the removal of metabolic waste products is inadequate
- When dealing with the CNS, unconsciousness occurs within seconds of global ischaemia
- If circulation restored quickly ---> Consciousness regained quickly with minimal long-term physical
impacts
AEIOUTIPS (overdose) - ANSWER - Drugs that lead to effects to the CNS - including prescription drugs and
illicit drugs
(Narcotics, benzodiazepines, anti-depressants, paracetamol, anti psychotics)
- Uncommon that pts are trying to inflict harm on themselves
- TIP: Always suspect poly-pharmacy overdose
AEIOUTIPS (oxygen deficiency) - ANSWER - A lower-than-normal concentration of oxygen in arterial
blood, results in hypoxia (oxygen levels available to tissues and organs). Hypoxia will occur with any
interruption of normal respiration
- Pure hypoxia is the deprivation of oxygen with a maintained blood flow
AEIOUTIPS (uremia) - ANSWER - excessive amounts of urea in the blood
- sign of kidney disease or failure
- clinical syndrome associated with fluid, electrolyte, and hormone imbalances and metabolic
abnormalities, which develop in parallel with deterioration of renal function
- Severe complications of untreated uraemia include seizure, coma, cardiac arrest, and death.
Spontaneous bleeding can occur with severe uraemia and may include gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding,
spontaneous subdural hematomas, increased bleeding from any underlying disorder, or bleeding
associated with trauma
AEIOUTIPS (trauma) - ANSWER - Compression = of skull and / or contents
- Concussion = Brain shake
, - Contusion = hematoma
AEIOUTIPS (temp) - ANSWER - Hyperthermia >40°C
***Temperature regulating mechanisms are overwhelmed by:
- high temperatures in environment or
- Excessive exercise in moderate to extremely high temperatures
***Temperature regulating centers of the body fail - usually in older adults or ill or incapacitated patients
- Hypothermia <35°C
***A decrease in heat production
***An increase in heat loss
***Mild (33-36°C), Moderate (33-34°C) or Severe (<30°C)
AEIOUTIPS (infection) - ANSWER - The invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria,
viruses, and parasites that are not normally present within the body. An infection may cause no
symptoms and be subclinical, or it may cause symptoms and be clinically apparent
- An infection may remain localized, or it may spread through the blood or lymphatic vessels to become
systemic (body wide)
E.g. Sepsis, UTI, URTI, Chest Infection, Pericarditis, Meningitis, Flu
AEIOUTIPS (poison) - ANSWER - Poison is anything that kills or injures through its chemical actions. Most
poisons are swallowed (ingested), but can also be taken up by:
§ Breathing
§ Skin
§ IV injections
§ Exposure to radiation
