NUSCTX 10 Final Exam Notes Study Guide Berkeley Fall 2023 (Questions & Answers)

NUSCTX 10 Final Exam Notes Study
Guide Berkeley Fall 2023 (Questions &
Answers)

EssentialiNutrientsi-iCorrectiAnswer-
nutrientsithatimustibeiprovidediinitheidietibecauseitheibodyieitherican'ti
makeiitiorican'timakeienoughiofiit


FortifiediFoodsi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Foodithatinutrientsihaveibeeniaddeditoiprocessiofiaddinginutrientsitoifo
odsithatidon'tinormallyihaveiit.iTheiaddedinutrientsiareigenerallyinotifo
undiinifoodioriareiaddediinimuchilargeriamounts,isuchiasifortifyingiojiwit
hicalcium


EnrichediGrainsi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Girainsithatihave:iThiamin,iRiboflavin,iNiacin,iIron,iandiFoliciAcidi(sincei1
998)iaddeditoithem;iaddinginutrientsibackitoifoodsithatimayihaveilostin
utrientsidueitoiprocessing


RefinediGrainsi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Germiandibraniremoved;ijustileftiwithitheiendosperm


Macronutrientsi-iCorrectiAnswer-ainutrientineedediinilargeiamounts

,Micronutrientsi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Nutrientineedediinismalliamounts,iprovideinoienergy


Metabolismi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Allitheichemicalireactionsithatitakeiplaceiiniailivingiorganism


Homeostasisi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Physiologicalistateiofiinternalibodyistability


Nutrigenomicsi(nutritionaligenomics)i-iCorrectiAnswer-
Studyiofihowiouridietiaffectsiourigenesiandihowiindividualigeneticivariat
ionicaniaffectitheiimpactiofinutrientsiandifoodionihealth


NutrientiDensityi-iCorrectiAnswer-
Evaluationiofitheinutrienticontentiofiaifoodiinicomparisonitoitheicalories
iitiprovides




FoodiPyramidi-iCorrectiAnswer-Olderiversioniofinutrientiguide


Myplatei-iCorrectiAnswer-
Newiversioniofinutrientiguide;irecommendediportions


DRIsi(idietaryireferenceiintakes)i-iCorrectiAnswer-
usediforiplanningiandiassessingitheidietsiofihealthyipeopleiinitheiU.S.ian
diCanada

,EARi(iestimatediaverageirequirements)i-iCorrectiAnswer-
meetiestablishedinutrientineedsiofi50%iofiindividuals


AIi(iadequateiintake)i-iCorrectiAnswer-
shouldibeiusediasiaigoaliwheniRDAidoesn'tiexist


RDAi(irecommendedidietaryiallowance)i-iCorrectiAnswer-
meetitheinutrientineedsiofialmostiallihealthyipeople


ULi(iupperiintakeilevels)i-iCorrectiAnswer-
Maxidailyiintakesithatiareiunlikelyitoiposeiairiskiofibadihealthieffects


EERi(estimatedienergyirequirements)i-iCorrectiAnswer-
energyiintakesitoimaintainibodyiweightiinihealthyipeople


AMDRi(iacceptableimacronutrientidistributioniranges)i-iCorrectiAnswer-
rangeiofiintakeiforienergyiyieldinginutrientsithatiareiassociatediwithired
ucediriskiofichronicidiseaseiwhileiprovidingiadequateiintakesiofiessentia
linutrients


DGAi-i4iMajoriRecommendationsi-iCorrectiAnswer-
DietaryiandilifestyleiguidelinesiforiAmericansithatiwillipromoteihealth


1.iBalancingicaloriesitoimanageiweight
i

, 2.iIncreaseicertainifoods
3.iReduceiCertainifoods
4.iBuildingiHealthyiEatingiPatterns


WhatiisitheimainidifferenceibetweeniHarvardiHealthyieatingiplateiandi
MyiPlate?i-iCorrectiAnswer-Havardiaccountsiforiexercise


HarvardiHealthyiEatingiPlani(iHHEP)i-iCorrectiAnswer-
switchiwateriforidairyiaddihealthyioils,idifferentiplateiproportionsithani
MyiPlateiDigestiveiSystem


Digestioni-iCorrectiAnswer-
Processiofibreakingifoodiintoicomponentsismallienoughitoibeiabsorbedii
ntoitheibody


GastrointestinaliTracti-iCorrectiAnswer-
Whereidigestioniandiabsorptionioccuri-
iHollowitube,i30ifeetilongifromimouthitoianus.iMadeiupiofimouth,iphary

nx,iesophagus,istomach,ismalliintestine,ilargeiintestine,ianus


Salivaifunctioniinidigestion?i-iCorrectiAnswer-
producediandisecretediinimouthibyisalivaryiglandsicontainsilubricants,ie
nzymes