Glomerulonephritis Pathophysiology Exam Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions Graded
A+
Glomerulonephritis refers to - Answers several renal diseases affecting both kidneys
function of glomerulus - Answers filter waste and fluids from the blood
inflammation of glomerulus is caused by - Answers primary and secondary glomerular injury, immune
mechanisms are the major cause for both
primary glomerular injury - Answers immunologic responses, ischemia, vascular disorders and infections,
free radicals, drugs, toxins
secondary glomerular injury - Answers systemic diseases, diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus,
erythematous, CHV, HIV, related kidney disease
what does damage to the glomeruli cause? - Answers blood and protein are lost in the urine,
proteinuria, hematuria or both
major symptoms of severe glomerulonephritis - Answers hematuria with red blood cell casts, proteinuria
w/ > 3-5g/day w/ albumin
other symptoms of glomerulonephritis - Answers smoky brown tinged urine or pink/reddish urine,
foamy urine due to proteinuria, high blood pressure , fluid retention/edema in face, hands, feet and
abdomen, fatigue
diabetic neuropathy - Answers develops from metabolic and vascular complications
lupus nephritis - Answers caused by formation of autoantibodies against double stranded DNA w/
glomerular deposition of immune complexes, complement activation and cascade of inflammatory
events leading to damage on glomerular membrane and mesangial expansion
IgA neuropathy - Answers Berger's disease, most common form of acute glomerulonephritis in
developed countries. Abnormal glycosylated IgA and complement molecules bind to glomerular
mesangial cells stimulating them to proliferate and release oxidants and proteases contributing to
glomerular injury and glomerularsclerosis
membranous neuropathy - Answers most common form,by circulating antibodies formed in situ to
antigens expressed by podocytes on the glomerular membrane. Anitgen-antibody complexes activate
C5b and C9 fragments of the complement, increased membrane permeability, thickening of glomerular
membrane and ultimately glomerulosclerosis
Chronic glomerulonephritis - Answers encompasses several glomerular diseases w/ a progressive course
leading to chronic kidney failure
15 y/o male was diagnosed w/ pharyngitis, 8 days later he developed acute glomerulonephritis, what is
the most likely cause of the disease - Answers group A B hemolytic streptococcus
A+
Glomerulonephritis refers to - Answers several renal diseases affecting both kidneys
function of glomerulus - Answers filter waste and fluids from the blood
inflammation of glomerulus is caused by - Answers primary and secondary glomerular injury, immune
mechanisms are the major cause for both
primary glomerular injury - Answers immunologic responses, ischemia, vascular disorders and infections,
free radicals, drugs, toxins
secondary glomerular injury - Answers systemic diseases, diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus,
erythematous, CHV, HIV, related kidney disease
what does damage to the glomeruli cause? - Answers blood and protein are lost in the urine,
proteinuria, hematuria or both
major symptoms of severe glomerulonephritis - Answers hematuria with red blood cell casts, proteinuria
w/ > 3-5g/day w/ albumin
other symptoms of glomerulonephritis - Answers smoky brown tinged urine or pink/reddish urine,
foamy urine due to proteinuria, high blood pressure , fluid retention/edema in face, hands, feet and
abdomen, fatigue
diabetic neuropathy - Answers develops from metabolic and vascular complications
lupus nephritis - Answers caused by formation of autoantibodies against double stranded DNA w/
glomerular deposition of immune complexes, complement activation and cascade of inflammatory
events leading to damage on glomerular membrane and mesangial expansion
IgA neuropathy - Answers Berger's disease, most common form of acute glomerulonephritis in
developed countries. Abnormal glycosylated IgA and complement molecules bind to glomerular
mesangial cells stimulating them to proliferate and release oxidants and proteases contributing to
glomerular injury and glomerularsclerosis
membranous neuropathy - Answers most common form,by circulating antibodies formed in situ to
antigens expressed by podocytes on the glomerular membrane. Anitgen-antibody complexes activate
C5b and C9 fragments of the complement, increased membrane permeability, thickening of glomerular
membrane and ultimately glomerulosclerosis
Chronic glomerulonephritis - Answers encompasses several glomerular diseases w/ a progressive course
leading to chronic kidney failure
15 y/o male was diagnosed w/ pharyngitis, 8 days later he developed acute glomerulonephritis, what is
the most likely cause of the disease - Answers group A B hemolytic streptococcus
