Autism Spectrum Final Exam Questions
with Latest Update
Adaptive behavior - Answer-those behaviors critical to living independently, including
daily living skills, social skills and communication skills; children with ASD typically
display adaptive behavior impairments across all domains
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) - Answer-a complex lifelong development disability
which typically appears during early childhood
Charity/tragedy model of disability - Answer-declares disability to be a tragedy, a
misfortune, that must be tempered of erased by generous giving
Fine motor skills - Answer-cutting with scissors, drawing, etc.
Human rights model of disability - Answer-recognizes that a disability is a natural part of
diversity that must be respected and supported in all its forms; places the responsibility
on governments and society to ensure that people with disabilities have equal rights,
access, and opportunities
Imitation - Answer-typically developing children pay attention to and imitate purposeful
behaviors; lack of imitation often an early sign of ASD
Joint attention - Answer-the shared focus of two individuals on an object, achieved
when one individual alters another to an object by means of eye-gazing, pointing or
other verbal or non-verbal communication
Maintenance - Answer-continuing taught behavior even after reinforcer removed or time
lapse in practicing/using skill
Manual dexterity - Answer-tying shoes, riding a bike, etc.
Medical model of disability - Answer-insists on disability as a disease or condition and/or
treatable
Moral/religious model of disability - Answer-transforms disability into a sign of moral
weakness
Social play - Answer-children with ASD are typically lacking in social play
, Stereotyped behaviors - Answer-self-stimulatory behavior is often referred to as
"stimming" and includes repetitive behavior such as flapping hands, rocking, repeating
phrases/sounds, moving things in front of eyes, etc.
Stimulus overselectivity - Answer-"tunnel"
Supercrip model of disability - Answer-frames disability as a challenge to overcome and
disabled people as superheroes just for living our daily lives
Theory of mind - Answer-difficulty understanding that other people don't share the same
thoughts and feelings you do
Antecedent-based interventions - Answer-an evidence-based practice used to address
both interfering and on-task behaviors; this practice is most often used after a functional
behavior assessment has been conducted to identify the function of the interfering
behavior
Applied behavior analysis (ABA) - Answer-the process of systematically applying
interventions based upon the principles of behavior theory to improve socially significant
behaviors, including reading, academics, social skills, communication, and adaptive
living skills, to a meaningful degree, and to demonstrate that the interventions employed
are responsible for the improvement in behavior
Discrete trial training (DTT) - Answer-a one-to-one instructional approach used to teach
skills in a planned, controlled, and systematic manner
Emerging treatment - Answer-few published, peer reviewed studies showing beneficial
treatment effects
Evidence based - Answer-STAR; ESDM; TEACCH
Functional behavior assessment (FBA) - Answer-a systematic set of strategies used to
determine the underlying function of a behavior so that an effective intervention plan
can be developed
Functional communication training - Answer-a positive behavior support intervention
designed to reduce problem behaviors by replacing them with meaningful or functional
communication, whether verbal or gestural
Functionality - Answer-a skill that is meaningful to an individual, and if it is necessary for
current or future independence, promoting opportunities to "fit in"
Harmful treatment - Answer-several published, peer-reviewed studies; adverse effects
reported for one dependent variable for a specific target (harmful)
with Latest Update
Adaptive behavior - Answer-those behaviors critical to living independently, including
daily living skills, social skills and communication skills; children with ASD typically
display adaptive behavior impairments across all domains
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) - Answer-a complex lifelong development disability
which typically appears during early childhood
Charity/tragedy model of disability - Answer-declares disability to be a tragedy, a
misfortune, that must be tempered of erased by generous giving
Fine motor skills - Answer-cutting with scissors, drawing, etc.
Human rights model of disability - Answer-recognizes that a disability is a natural part of
diversity that must be respected and supported in all its forms; places the responsibility
on governments and society to ensure that people with disabilities have equal rights,
access, and opportunities
Imitation - Answer-typically developing children pay attention to and imitate purposeful
behaviors; lack of imitation often an early sign of ASD
Joint attention - Answer-the shared focus of two individuals on an object, achieved
when one individual alters another to an object by means of eye-gazing, pointing or
other verbal or non-verbal communication
Maintenance - Answer-continuing taught behavior even after reinforcer removed or time
lapse in practicing/using skill
Manual dexterity - Answer-tying shoes, riding a bike, etc.
Medical model of disability - Answer-insists on disability as a disease or condition and/or
treatable
Moral/religious model of disability - Answer-transforms disability into a sign of moral
weakness
Social play - Answer-children with ASD are typically lacking in social play
, Stereotyped behaviors - Answer-self-stimulatory behavior is often referred to as
"stimming" and includes repetitive behavior such as flapping hands, rocking, repeating
phrases/sounds, moving things in front of eyes, etc.
Stimulus overselectivity - Answer-"tunnel"
Supercrip model of disability - Answer-frames disability as a challenge to overcome and
disabled people as superheroes just for living our daily lives
Theory of mind - Answer-difficulty understanding that other people don't share the same
thoughts and feelings you do
Antecedent-based interventions - Answer-an evidence-based practice used to address
both interfering and on-task behaviors; this practice is most often used after a functional
behavior assessment has been conducted to identify the function of the interfering
behavior
Applied behavior analysis (ABA) - Answer-the process of systematically applying
interventions based upon the principles of behavior theory to improve socially significant
behaviors, including reading, academics, social skills, communication, and adaptive
living skills, to a meaningful degree, and to demonstrate that the interventions employed
are responsible for the improvement in behavior
Discrete trial training (DTT) - Answer-a one-to-one instructional approach used to teach
skills in a planned, controlled, and systematic manner
Emerging treatment - Answer-few published, peer reviewed studies showing beneficial
treatment effects
Evidence based - Answer-STAR; ESDM; TEACCH
Functional behavior assessment (FBA) - Answer-a systematic set of strategies used to
determine the underlying function of a behavior so that an effective intervention plan
can be developed
Functional communication training - Answer-a positive behavior support intervention
designed to reduce problem behaviors by replacing them with meaningful or functional
communication, whether verbal or gestural
Functionality - Answer-a skill that is meaningful to an individual, and if it is necessary for
current or future independence, promoting opportunities to "fit in"
Harmful treatment - Answer-several published, peer-reviewed studies; adverse effects
reported for one dependent variable for a specific target (harmful)
