MTTC Biology Exam Questions And 100% Correct
Answers Latest Updated
hyphae - ANSWER filaments composed of tubular walls surrounding plasma membranes
& cytoplasm - part of most fungi
Batesian mimicry - ANSWER when a harmless species has resemblance to harmful
species to avoid being preyed upon
Okazaki fragments - ANSWER formed during DNA replication of lagging strand, then
joined (ligated) by DNA ligase
DNA polymerase enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA at the replication
fork by adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand
nucleoside triphosphate nucleotides added to the elongating DNA strand, containing 3
phosphate groups, 2 of which are lost and then hydrolyzed for energy to drive the
polymerization reaction
triglyceride ANSWER lipid macromolecule composed of glycerol and 3 fatty acid chains;
whether fat is saturated solid @ room temp or unsaturated liquid @ room temp depends
on shape of fatty acid tail
steroid ANSWER lipid macromolecule composed of four carbon rings, include
cholesterol and many vertebrate sex hormones
polypeptide ANSWER polymer of amino acids linked in sequence; a protein is composed
of one or more polypeptide chains
, mRNA- carries information specifying amino acid sequences of proteins from DNA to
ribosomes tRNA - serves as adaptor molecule in protein synthesis; translates mRNA
codons into amino acids rRNA - catalytic (ribosome) roles and structural roles in
ribosomes primary transcript - RNA precursor to mRNA, rRNA or tRNA, may be
processed by splicing or cleavage; often contains introns that are spliced out during
processing
phloem - ANSWER plant tissue that transports solutions of nutrients and carbohydrates
xylem - ANSWER plant tissue that transports water
apoptosis - ANSWER programmed cell death
necrosis - ANSWER traumatic cell death due to cellular injury
cDNA - ANSWER produced from mRNA, used by geneticists in attempting to get a cell to
express a protein that the cell does not normally express (cDNA transferred into cell),
also produced by retroviruses such as HIV and integrated into host's genome
plasmid - ANSWER small DNA molecule, separate from and can replicate independently
of chromosomal DNA; most commonly found in bacteria
cones - ANSWER eye structure found in retina that gives the eye its colour sensitivity
rods - ANSWER photoreceptor in retina responsible for night and peripheral vision,
more sensitive than cones but play little role in sensing colour
mosses (Bryophyta) - ANSWER haploid gametophyte stage is dominant, produce
spore-bearing capsules on stems (diploid sporophyte stage)
stem cell - ANSWER undifferentiated biological cell that may reproduce many times
Answers Latest Updated
hyphae - ANSWER filaments composed of tubular walls surrounding plasma membranes
& cytoplasm - part of most fungi
Batesian mimicry - ANSWER when a harmless species has resemblance to harmful
species to avoid being preyed upon
Okazaki fragments - ANSWER formed during DNA replication of lagging strand, then
joined (ligated) by DNA ligase
DNA polymerase enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA at the replication
fork by adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand
nucleoside triphosphate nucleotides added to the elongating DNA strand, containing 3
phosphate groups, 2 of which are lost and then hydrolyzed for energy to drive the
polymerization reaction
triglyceride ANSWER lipid macromolecule composed of glycerol and 3 fatty acid chains;
whether fat is saturated solid @ room temp or unsaturated liquid @ room temp depends
on shape of fatty acid tail
steroid ANSWER lipid macromolecule composed of four carbon rings, include
cholesterol and many vertebrate sex hormones
polypeptide ANSWER polymer of amino acids linked in sequence; a protein is composed
of one or more polypeptide chains
, mRNA- carries information specifying amino acid sequences of proteins from DNA to
ribosomes tRNA - serves as adaptor molecule in protein synthesis; translates mRNA
codons into amino acids rRNA - catalytic (ribosome) roles and structural roles in
ribosomes primary transcript - RNA precursor to mRNA, rRNA or tRNA, may be
processed by splicing or cleavage; often contains introns that are spliced out during
processing
phloem - ANSWER plant tissue that transports solutions of nutrients and carbohydrates
xylem - ANSWER plant tissue that transports water
apoptosis - ANSWER programmed cell death
necrosis - ANSWER traumatic cell death due to cellular injury
cDNA - ANSWER produced from mRNA, used by geneticists in attempting to get a cell to
express a protein that the cell does not normally express (cDNA transferred into cell),
also produced by retroviruses such as HIV and integrated into host's genome
plasmid - ANSWER small DNA molecule, separate from and can replicate independently
of chromosomal DNA; most commonly found in bacteria
cones - ANSWER eye structure found in retina that gives the eye its colour sensitivity
rods - ANSWER photoreceptor in retina responsible for night and peripheral vision,
more sensitive than cones but play little role in sensing colour
mosses (Bryophyta) - ANSWER haploid gametophyte stage is dominant, produce
spore-bearing capsules on stems (diploid sporophyte stage)
stem cell - ANSWER undifferentiated biological cell that may reproduce many times
