biostats midterm exam Questions
and answers
A researcher uses a six-sided dice to determine group membership. The
sampling method being used is:
a. random sample.
b. stratified sample.
c. convenience sample.
d. clustered sample. - - a. random sample
- The level of measurement has an absolute 0 as a meaningful value is:
a. nominal
b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio - - ratio
- A critical aspect of linear transformation of data is that it:
a. can change a curvilinear relationship between two variables into a linear
relationship.
b. may change the mean and standard deviation of a variable but not change
the shape of the distribution
c. can make a non-normal distribution more normalized.
d. can change the percentile rank of the individual scores. - - may change
the mean and standard deviation of a variable but not change the shape of
the distribution
- The level of measurement for a 10-point pain scale where 1 is no pain and
10 is very painful is:
a. nominal
b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio - - interval
- Likert-scaled instruments could be considered all BUT what level of
measurement:
a.nominal
b.ordinal
c.interval
d.ratio - - nominal
- The Gaussian distribution is also known as the ____________ distribution:
a. normal
b. exponential
c. positively-skewed
,d. platykurtic - - normal
- Approximately two-thirds of all values in the standard normal distribution
fall within how many standard deviations of the mean:
a.0
b.1
c.2
d.3 - - 1
- This element is not typically included in a behavioral experiment:
a. a treatment or intervention
b. assessment of an outcome.
c. random assignment
d. uncontrolled variables - - uncontrolled variables
- The degree to which a study's results can be replicated in real world
settings is:
a. rival explanation
b. temporal precedence
c. external validity
d. internal validity - - external validity
- What type of analysis should be used for a between-S design with more
than two levels for the independent variable group:
a. repeated measures analysis of variance
b.one-way analysis of variance
c. independent samples t-test
d. Friedman analysis of variance - - one-way analysis of variance
- A researcher has a categorical independent variable and a quantitative
dependent variable. Which of the following analyses would not be
appropriate:
a. paired-samples t-test
b. one-way between S analysis of variance
c. chi-square test of association
d. Wilcoxon signed-rank test - - chi square
- Which analysis would be appropriate when comparing subjects scores on a
pretest and a posttest:
a. independent samples t test
b. one-way between S analysis of variance
c. paired-samples t test
d. Wilcoxon rank sum test - - paired samples t test
- Assigning individuals to groups based on the study variable of interest is:
a. matching
, b. random assignment
c. random selection
d. repeated measures - - matching
- The degree to which a study supports a causal relationship is:
a. criterion validity
b. construct validity
c. internal validity
d. external validity - - internal validity
- If an extraneous variable is associated with the independent variable and
affects the outcome of the dependent variable, it is considered a:
a. temporal precedence
b. nuisance variable
c. outcome variable
d. confounded variable - - confounded variable
- Which type of analysis would you use a chi-square test of association:
a. both X and Y are categorical variables.
b. X is categorical and Y is quantitative.
c. X is quantitative and Y is categorical.
d. both X and Y are quantitative variables. - - both X and Y are categorical
variables
- True or False:
All members of a population of interest should be identifiable. - - true
- True or False:
A researcher surveys freshman college students at her school about
beverages available in the dining hall. After analyzing her results,. she
states, "Twenty percent of college students nationwide prefer non-
carbonated beverages." Is the researcher's conclusion accurate? - - false
- True or False:
Variables with interval- or ratio-level measurements are considered
quantitative variables. - - true
- True or False:
Means and standard deviations can be calculated with Likert-scaled
measurement. - - True
- True or False:
Parametric statistics include the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, the sign test, and
the Friedman one-way analysis of variance. - - False
- True of False :
and answers
A researcher uses a six-sided dice to determine group membership. The
sampling method being used is:
a. random sample.
b. stratified sample.
c. convenience sample.
d. clustered sample. - - a. random sample
- The level of measurement has an absolute 0 as a meaningful value is:
a. nominal
b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio - - ratio
- A critical aspect of linear transformation of data is that it:
a. can change a curvilinear relationship between two variables into a linear
relationship.
b. may change the mean and standard deviation of a variable but not change
the shape of the distribution
c. can make a non-normal distribution more normalized.
d. can change the percentile rank of the individual scores. - - may change
the mean and standard deviation of a variable but not change the shape of
the distribution
- The level of measurement for a 10-point pain scale where 1 is no pain and
10 is very painful is:
a. nominal
b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio - - interval
- Likert-scaled instruments could be considered all BUT what level of
measurement:
a.nominal
b.ordinal
c.interval
d.ratio - - nominal
- The Gaussian distribution is also known as the ____________ distribution:
a. normal
b. exponential
c. positively-skewed
,d. platykurtic - - normal
- Approximately two-thirds of all values in the standard normal distribution
fall within how many standard deviations of the mean:
a.0
b.1
c.2
d.3 - - 1
- This element is not typically included in a behavioral experiment:
a. a treatment or intervention
b. assessment of an outcome.
c. random assignment
d. uncontrolled variables - - uncontrolled variables
- The degree to which a study's results can be replicated in real world
settings is:
a. rival explanation
b. temporal precedence
c. external validity
d. internal validity - - external validity
- What type of analysis should be used for a between-S design with more
than two levels for the independent variable group:
a. repeated measures analysis of variance
b.one-way analysis of variance
c. independent samples t-test
d. Friedman analysis of variance - - one-way analysis of variance
- A researcher has a categorical independent variable and a quantitative
dependent variable. Which of the following analyses would not be
appropriate:
a. paired-samples t-test
b. one-way between S analysis of variance
c. chi-square test of association
d. Wilcoxon signed-rank test - - chi square
- Which analysis would be appropriate when comparing subjects scores on a
pretest and a posttest:
a. independent samples t test
b. one-way between S analysis of variance
c. paired-samples t test
d. Wilcoxon rank sum test - - paired samples t test
- Assigning individuals to groups based on the study variable of interest is:
a. matching
, b. random assignment
c. random selection
d. repeated measures - - matching
- The degree to which a study supports a causal relationship is:
a. criterion validity
b. construct validity
c. internal validity
d. external validity - - internal validity
- If an extraneous variable is associated with the independent variable and
affects the outcome of the dependent variable, it is considered a:
a. temporal precedence
b. nuisance variable
c. outcome variable
d. confounded variable - - confounded variable
- Which type of analysis would you use a chi-square test of association:
a. both X and Y are categorical variables.
b. X is categorical and Y is quantitative.
c. X is quantitative and Y is categorical.
d. both X and Y are quantitative variables. - - both X and Y are categorical
variables
- True or False:
All members of a population of interest should be identifiable. - - true
- True or False:
A researcher surveys freshman college students at her school about
beverages available in the dining hall. After analyzing her results,. she
states, "Twenty percent of college students nationwide prefer non-
carbonated beverages." Is the researcher's conclusion accurate? - - false
- True or False:
Variables with interval- or ratio-level measurements are considered
quantitative variables. - - true
- True or False:
Means and standard deviations can be calculated with Likert-scaled
measurement. - - True
- True or False:
Parametric statistics include the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, the sign test, and
the Friedman one-way analysis of variance. - - False
- True of False :
