FSC100 Exam review
Forensic biology incorporates related areas of - correct answer ✔✔- Bodily fluid identification (serology)
- Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis
Serology - correct answer ✔✔-Techniques are used to screen evidence items for the prescience and type
of body fluid disposition
- analyses and targets a the biochemicals and cells that define distinctive functional characteristics of
different body fluids: hemoglobin in blood and spermatozoa in semen
Deoxyribonucleic acid - correct answer ✔✔genetic information that dictates the firm and development
of an organism. A molecule found in almost all human cells
DNA is the genetic blueprint of: - correct answer ✔✔Life
Each strand of the helix is composed of: - correct answer ✔✔long chains of nucleotides, composedof a
phosphate group, a type of sugar called deoyribose, and one of four nitrogen-containing bases
4 bases of DNA - correct answer ✔✔Adenine(A), Thymine(T), Guanine(G), Cytosine(C)`
What 2 subunits form base pairs(BP) - correct answer ✔✔- Adenine(A) with Thymine(T)
- Guanine(G) with Cytosine(C)
Strands of DNA form codes of: - correct answer ✔✔proteins (genes) that provide genetic information in
the organism, like hair color, height, hair texture and skin
Human DNA contain approx.: - correct answer ✔✔3 billion total number of base pairs
Chromosomes - correct answer ✔✔structures carrying molecular strands of DNA
,Genome - correct answer ✔✔one cell collection of chromosomes
Humans inherit: - correct answer ✔✔a genome of 23 chromosomes from each parent for a total of 46.
Rosalind Franklin - correct answer ✔✔- died at 36
- contributions to understanding DNA, including RNA viruses coal and graphite
- found being female is significant as oppurtunities were limited to women chemical structure of DNA
similarly to all cellular organisms.
First DNA case - correct answer ✔✔- Narborough England
- rape and murder of 2, 15yo girls
- in ealry 1980, Dr Jeffery's lab produced first "restricition fragment Length polymorphism" = RFLP
Dr Alec Jeffery - correct answer ✔✔- Studied at Leicester University - England
- studying DNA variations and the evolution of gene families
- his interest and goal was to develop markers (a type of identification tag) to track the position of these
genes
RFLP - correct answer ✔✔Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
- Created 1980 in Dr. Jeffery's lab
- a molecular method of genetic analysis that allows individuals to be identified based on unique
patterns of restriction enzyme cutting in specific regions of DNA
1984 - correct answer ✔✔Jefferys developed and used the first DNA tests to be applied to a criminal
case
DNA Fingerprinting - correct answer ✔✔- first-generation typing system made by Dr.Jefferys.
- this method looks at sections of DNA located in different regions on different chromosomes
- multilocus typing system
, DNA typing - correct answer ✔✔describes the system of assessing variations in sections of DNA for
analysis
DNA profiling - correct answer ✔✔the second generation typing system (a more recent development)
that looks at one area- a single locus- on a single chromosome. this is the method now in use for forensic
analysis
DNA profile - correct answer ✔✔most simply viewed as a set of numbers representing the DNA 'variants'
as target locations
DNA locations - correct answer ✔✔also known as 'Loci' and are the genetic equivalents of addresses or
postal codes
genetic differences at loci are: - correct answer ✔✔variants or alleles
STR analysis - correct answer ✔✔a method of DNA profiling that compares the lengths of STR sequences
at specific sites in the genome
Regions with repeats of nine to eighty base pairs are referred to as: - correct answer ✔✔variable
number tandem repeats
Regions containing 2 to 5 base pair repeats are: - correct answer ✔✔short tandem repeats
today robotics use ____________ technologies that openbiological cells, selectively bind DNA to
magnetic beads, and then wash off the non-DNA components, leaving the purified DNA for further
analysis - correct answer ✔✔solid-phase
DNA standards and protocols - correct answer ✔✔- introduced in 1988
- arguments by scientists over practical applications and statistical calculations
- 1990s saw rapid increase in acceptance and usage
- by 1994, typing was firmly established from use in forensic investigations
Forensic biology incorporates related areas of - correct answer ✔✔- Bodily fluid identification (serology)
- Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis
Serology - correct answer ✔✔-Techniques are used to screen evidence items for the prescience and type
of body fluid disposition
- analyses and targets a the biochemicals and cells that define distinctive functional characteristics of
different body fluids: hemoglobin in blood and spermatozoa in semen
Deoxyribonucleic acid - correct answer ✔✔genetic information that dictates the firm and development
of an organism. A molecule found in almost all human cells
DNA is the genetic blueprint of: - correct answer ✔✔Life
Each strand of the helix is composed of: - correct answer ✔✔long chains of nucleotides, composedof a
phosphate group, a type of sugar called deoyribose, and one of four nitrogen-containing bases
4 bases of DNA - correct answer ✔✔Adenine(A), Thymine(T), Guanine(G), Cytosine(C)`
What 2 subunits form base pairs(BP) - correct answer ✔✔- Adenine(A) with Thymine(T)
- Guanine(G) with Cytosine(C)
Strands of DNA form codes of: - correct answer ✔✔proteins (genes) that provide genetic information in
the organism, like hair color, height, hair texture and skin
Human DNA contain approx.: - correct answer ✔✔3 billion total number of base pairs
Chromosomes - correct answer ✔✔structures carrying molecular strands of DNA
,Genome - correct answer ✔✔one cell collection of chromosomes
Humans inherit: - correct answer ✔✔a genome of 23 chromosomes from each parent for a total of 46.
Rosalind Franklin - correct answer ✔✔- died at 36
- contributions to understanding DNA, including RNA viruses coal and graphite
- found being female is significant as oppurtunities were limited to women chemical structure of DNA
similarly to all cellular organisms.
First DNA case - correct answer ✔✔- Narborough England
- rape and murder of 2, 15yo girls
- in ealry 1980, Dr Jeffery's lab produced first "restricition fragment Length polymorphism" = RFLP
Dr Alec Jeffery - correct answer ✔✔- Studied at Leicester University - England
- studying DNA variations and the evolution of gene families
- his interest and goal was to develop markers (a type of identification tag) to track the position of these
genes
RFLP - correct answer ✔✔Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
- Created 1980 in Dr. Jeffery's lab
- a molecular method of genetic analysis that allows individuals to be identified based on unique
patterns of restriction enzyme cutting in specific regions of DNA
1984 - correct answer ✔✔Jefferys developed and used the first DNA tests to be applied to a criminal
case
DNA Fingerprinting - correct answer ✔✔- first-generation typing system made by Dr.Jefferys.
- this method looks at sections of DNA located in different regions on different chromosomes
- multilocus typing system
, DNA typing - correct answer ✔✔describes the system of assessing variations in sections of DNA for
analysis
DNA profiling - correct answer ✔✔the second generation typing system (a more recent development)
that looks at one area- a single locus- on a single chromosome. this is the method now in use for forensic
analysis
DNA profile - correct answer ✔✔most simply viewed as a set of numbers representing the DNA 'variants'
as target locations
DNA locations - correct answer ✔✔also known as 'Loci' and are the genetic equivalents of addresses or
postal codes
genetic differences at loci are: - correct answer ✔✔variants or alleles
STR analysis - correct answer ✔✔a method of DNA profiling that compares the lengths of STR sequences
at specific sites in the genome
Regions with repeats of nine to eighty base pairs are referred to as: - correct answer ✔✔variable
number tandem repeats
Regions containing 2 to 5 base pair repeats are: - correct answer ✔✔short tandem repeats
today robotics use ____________ technologies that openbiological cells, selectively bind DNA to
magnetic beads, and then wash off the non-DNA components, leaving the purified DNA for further
analysis - correct answer ✔✔solid-phase
DNA standards and protocols - correct answer ✔✔- introduced in 1988
- arguments by scientists over practical applications and statistical calculations
- 1990s saw rapid increase in acceptance and usage
- by 1994, typing was firmly established from use in forensic investigations
