Infant Assessment - Answer--Infants <6M can lay on exam table, <6M sit on parents lap
-As much as poss, conduct so that infant can see parent or be held by parent
-Allow security object
-High-pitched, soft voice and smile help
/.Toddler Assessment - Answer--Use short, concrete terms
-Explainations and descriptions need to be repeated several times
-Visual aids, such as puppets/dolls help
-Allow to handle any medical equipment you will use
-Allow comfort object
-Allow access to parent
/.Pre-schooler Assessment - Answer--Allow to handle equipment and answer questions
about equipment
-Very modest, expose minimally
-Allow them to undress themselves
-Allow opportunities for questions
-Parental proximity is still important
/.School Age Assessment - Answer--May fear injury or embarrassment
-Allow time for composure and privacy
-Simple medical diagrams, teaching dolls useful to explain assessment process
-They are curious about function/usefulness of equipment
/.Adolescent Assessment - Answer--May respond to verbal approaches with
monosyllables, anger or other behaviors, may require more talking at beginning
-Ask what he/she knows about health contact and explain rationale for health
assessment
-Privacy/confidentiality, option to perform away from parent
-Preoccupied with image/function; give feedback from assessment
-Diagrams and models enhance feedback
-Avoid becoming too abstract, detailed and technical
/.Parents During Assessment - Answer--Broad questions
-Save focused/closed questions for later in assessment
-Listen without interrupting
-Involve the parent
-Avoid overwhelming parent with too much info
-Provide recognition, praise and reassurance for strengths
, /.Health History should include - Answer-1. Intro/Explaination
2. Demographic area
3. Chief concern
4. H/O chief concern
5. Health/family profile
6. Day history
7. past history, pregnancy history
8. Family health history
9. Review of systems
End with open ended question.
/.8. Beginning Assessment: Be Prepared - Answer-Be prepared for doing the entire
physical assessment before approaching the child. Better to have more supplies than
you need than not enough.
/.Body Measurements - Height - Answer-Plot on growth chart
/.Body measurements - Weight - Answer--Table scale for infants and toddlers <2yrs,
with scale paper
-Weigh infant nude
-Never leave alone on scale
-Plot on growth chart
/.Body measurements - Head Circumference - Answer--Re: brain growth and potential
neurological growth and potential neuro function
-Measured at birth and routinely at check-ups until 1
-Place tape just above eyebrows and most prominent portion of back of head.
-Plot on chart, should correlate with length
/.Body measurements - Abdominal Girth - Answer--Important determinant of detecting
disease
-Not usually performed in outpatient setting
-Place flexible tape measure at largest part of abdomen, usually at navel.
/.Temperature - Answer--Nml values are same as an adult
-Axillary, oral, tympanic, rectal, and temporal
/.Pulse - Answer--Measured at rest
-Brachial, apical pulse for infant
-Radial, brachial, or apical pulse for toddlers and older
-Best accuracy, measure for full minute
/.Respiration - Answer--Measure when undisturbed or at rest
/.BP - Answer--Routine in outpatient setting for children older than 3 yrs.
-As much as poss, conduct so that infant can see parent or be held by parent
-Allow security object
-High-pitched, soft voice and smile help
/.Toddler Assessment - Answer--Use short, concrete terms
-Explainations and descriptions need to be repeated several times
-Visual aids, such as puppets/dolls help
-Allow to handle any medical equipment you will use
-Allow comfort object
-Allow access to parent
/.Pre-schooler Assessment - Answer--Allow to handle equipment and answer questions
about equipment
-Very modest, expose minimally
-Allow them to undress themselves
-Allow opportunities for questions
-Parental proximity is still important
/.School Age Assessment - Answer--May fear injury or embarrassment
-Allow time for composure and privacy
-Simple medical diagrams, teaching dolls useful to explain assessment process
-They are curious about function/usefulness of equipment
/.Adolescent Assessment - Answer--May respond to verbal approaches with
monosyllables, anger or other behaviors, may require more talking at beginning
-Ask what he/she knows about health contact and explain rationale for health
assessment
-Privacy/confidentiality, option to perform away from parent
-Preoccupied with image/function; give feedback from assessment
-Diagrams and models enhance feedback
-Avoid becoming too abstract, detailed and technical
/.Parents During Assessment - Answer--Broad questions
-Save focused/closed questions for later in assessment
-Listen without interrupting
-Involve the parent
-Avoid overwhelming parent with too much info
-Provide recognition, praise and reassurance for strengths
, /.Health History should include - Answer-1. Intro/Explaination
2. Demographic area
3. Chief concern
4. H/O chief concern
5. Health/family profile
6. Day history
7. past history, pregnancy history
8. Family health history
9. Review of systems
End with open ended question.
/.8. Beginning Assessment: Be Prepared - Answer-Be prepared for doing the entire
physical assessment before approaching the child. Better to have more supplies than
you need than not enough.
/.Body Measurements - Height - Answer-Plot on growth chart
/.Body measurements - Weight - Answer--Table scale for infants and toddlers <2yrs,
with scale paper
-Weigh infant nude
-Never leave alone on scale
-Plot on growth chart
/.Body measurements - Head Circumference - Answer--Re: brain growth and potential
neurological growth and potential neuro function
-Measured at birth and routinely at check-ups until 1
-Place tape just above eyebrows and most prominent portion of back of head.
-Plot on chart, should correlate with length
/.Body measurements - Abdominal Girth - Answer--Important determinant of detecting
disease
-Not usually performed in outpatient setting
-Place flexible tape measure at largest part of abdomen, usually at navel.
/.Temperature - Answer--Nml values are same as an adult
-Axillary, oral, tympanic, rectal, and temporal
/.Pulse - Answer--Measured at rest
-Brachial, apical pulse for infant
-Radial, brachial, or apical pulse for toddlers and older
-Best accuracy, measure for full minute
/.Respiration - Answer--Measure when undisturbed or at rest
/.BP - Answer--Routine in outpatient setting for children older than 3 yrs.
