Penn Foster Biology Chapter 14-19
Exam Q&A with Complete Solutions
Evolution - ✔✔Genetic change in a line of descent over time.
Fossils - ✔✔Impressions, or casts, in sedimentary rocks of long deceased
organisms.
Biogeography - ✔✔Te study of the distribution of organisims throughout the
world.
Summarize how nineteenth-century scientists contributed to the study of
evolutionary change. - ✔✔The work of Charles Darwin helped shape
modern evolutionary thought. All species on Earth, including humans, have
a common ancestry due to the process of evolution. Scientific evidence
strongly supports evolutionary theory.
Explain how Darwin's study of fossils and biogeography contributed to the
development of the theory of natural selection. - ✔✔Darwin concluded that
related organisms have common ancestors. As adaptive characteristics
become more widespread in a population through successive generations,
the result is natural selection
, Describe the steps in the theory of natural selection. - ✔✔1. the members
of a population have heritable variations
2. the population produces more offspring than the resources of an
environment can support
3. the individuals that have favorable traits survive and reproduce to a
greater extent than those that lack these traits
4. across generations, a larger proportion of the population possesses the
favorable traits and the population becomes adapted to the environment
Distinguish between natural and artificial selection. - ✔✔natural selection is
survival of the fittest, and artificial selection is breeding out particular traits.
Explain how the fossil record, biogeographical evidence, comparative
anatomy, and biochemistry support evolutionary theory. - ✔✔1. fossil
record provides information about ancestors and transitional forms between
ancestors and organisms which exist today.
2 .The study of the distribution of organisms across the earth provides
evidence for evolution
3. The study of vestigial structures, homologous and analogous structures,
as well as developmental patterns among related groups of organisms,
provides evidence for evolution.
Exam Q&A with Complete Solutions
Evolution - ✔✔Genetic change in a line of descent over time.
Fossils - ✔✔Impressions, or casts, in sedimentary rocks of long deceased
organisms.
Biogeography - ✔✔Te study of the distribution of organisims throughout the
world.
Summarize how nineteenth-century scientists contributed to the study of
evolutionary change. - ✔✔The work of Charles Darwin helped shape
modern evolutionary thought. All species on Earth, including humans, have
a common ancestry due to the process of evolution. Scientific evidence
strongly supports evolutionary theory.
Explain how Darwin's study of fossils and biogeography contributed to the
development of the theory of natural selection. - ✔✔Darwin concluded that
related organisms have common ancestors. As adaptive characteristics
become more widespread in a population through successive generations,
the result is natural selection
, Describe the steps in the theory of natural selection. - ✔✔1. the members
of a population have heritable variations
2. the population produces more offspring than the resources of an
environment can support
3. the individuals that have favorable traits survive and reproduce to a
greater extent than those that lack these traits
4. across generations, a larger proportion of the population possesses the
favorable traits and the population becomes adapted to the environment
Distinguish between natural and artificial selection. - ✔✔natural selection is
survival of the fittest, and artificial selection is breeding out particular traits.
Explain how the fossil record, biogeographical evidence, comparative
anatomy, and biochemistry support evolutionary theory. - ✔✔1. fossil
record provides information about ancestors and transitional forms between
ancestors and organisms which exist today.
2 .The study of the distribution of organisms across the earth provides
evidence for evolution
3. The study of vestigial structures, homologous and analogous structures,
as well as developmental patterns among related groups of organisms,
provides evidence for evolution.
