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p
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1
➢ Define mental disorder. P. 4
○ A mental disorder is a group of emotional, cognitive, or behavioral symptoms
that cause distress or significant problems.
➢ Define abnormal psychology. P. 4
○ The scientific study of problematic feelings, thoughts, and behaviors associated
with mental disorders.
➢ What is a key judgment that a mental health professional makes in determining whether
or not a behavior is abnormal? P. 4-6
○ Deviance from the norm,
○ difficulties adapting to life’s demands,
○ experiences of personal distress.
➢ In treating early abnormal behavior, what belief was often considered? P. 12
○ Early theoreticians frequently attributed abnormal behavior to supernatural
causes such as possession by demons or evil spirits.
➢ Who was Hippocrates and what was his belief about brain dysfunction? P. 12
○ A Greek physician known as the father of modern medicine
○ Rejected the idea that the cause of mental disorders was evil spirits and said the
brain was the cause.
Chapter 2
➢ Who is the father of psychiatric classification? P. 23
○ Emil Kraepelin believed that syndromes and symptoms have biological causes.
➢ List Maslow’s hierarchy of needs P. 34
○ 1. Physiological needs
○ 2. Safety/security
○ 3. Social (belonging)
○ 4. Ego (esteem)
○ 5. Self-actualization
➢ Know about the five models that mental health professionals have developed. P. 22-23
○ 1. Biological model-
, ■ the focus on genetics, neurotransmitters, brain changes, and other
physical factors.
○ 2. Psychodynamic model-
■ focus on internal personality characteristics.
○ 3. Humanistic model-
■ focuses on personal growth, choice, and responsibility
○ 4. Cognitive behavior model-
■ focuses on specific thoughts and learning experiences.
○ 5. Sociocultural model-
■ focuses on external environmental events and includes the family systems
perspective.
➢ What is behavior genetics? P. 23-24
○ The study of knowing which genetic and environmental factors impact the
development of emotions, cognitions, and behavior
Chapter 3
➢ What results in the most symptoms of alcohol abuse? P. 53
○ A combination of strong predisposition and high-stress results in the most alcohol
use.
➢ What is meant by diathesis and diathesis-stress model? P. 52-54
○ Diathesis- a biological or psychological predisposition to disorders.
○ Diathesis-stress model: a way of integrating these models to explain mental
disorders.
➢ According to the diathesis-stress model, what two criteria are needed to produce
psychological problems in an individual? P. 53
○ A combination of predisposition and stress produces psychological problems.
Chapter 4
➢ What do health professionals mean by “continuum”? P. 74
○ A basis for symptoms to be compared and rated.
➢ What three criteria are to be considered in defining abnormal behavior? P. 74
○ 1. Behavior that deviates from the norm
○ 2. Behaviors associated with personal distress.
○ 3. Behaviors associated with difficulty adjusting to life’s demands
➢ Name the categorical approach to mental disorders used in the U.S. and much of the
world. P. 75
○ Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
➢ What are the advantages of diagnoses? P. 75
h
a
p
t
e
r
1
➢ Define mental disorder. P. 4
○ A mental disorder is a group of emotional, cognitive, or behavioral symptoms
that cause distress or significant problems.
➢ Define abnormal psychology. P. 4
○ The scientific study of problematic feelings, thoughts, and behaviors associated
with mental disorders.
➢ What is a key judgment that a mental health professional makes in determining whether
or not a behavior is abnormal? P. 4-6
○ Deviance from the norm,
○ difficulties adapting to life’s demands,
○ experiences of personal distress.
➢ In treating early abnormal behavior, what belief was often considered? P. 12
○ Early theoreticians frequently attributed abnormal behavior to supernatural
causes such as possession by demons or evil spirits.
➢ Who was Hippocrates and what was his belief about brain dysfunction? P. 12
○ A Greek physician known as the father of modern medicine
○ Rejected the idea that the cause of mental disorders was evil spirits and said the
brain was the cause.
Chapter 2
➢ Who is the father of psychiatric classification? P. 23
○ Emil Kraepelin believed that syndromes and symptoms have biological causes.
➢ List Maslow’s hierarchy of needs P. 34
○ 1. Physiological needs
○ 2. Safety/security
○ 3. Social (belonging)
○ 4. Ego (esteem)
○ 5. Self-actualization
➢ Know about the five models that mental health professionals have developed. P. 22-23
○ 1. Biological model-
, ■ the focus on genetics, neurotransmitters, brain changes, and other
physical factors.
○ 2. Psychodynamic model-
■ focus on internal personality characteristics.
○ 3. Humanistic model-
■ focuses on personal growth, choice, and responsibility
○ 4. Cognitive behavior model-
■ focuses on specific thoughts and learning experiences.
○ 5. Sociocultural model-
■ focuses on external environmental events and includes the family systems
perspective.
➢ What is behavior genetics? P. 23-24
○ The study of knowing which genetic and environmental factors impact the
development of emotions, cognitions, and behavior
Chapter 3
➢ What results in the most symptoms of alcohol abuse? P. 53
○ A combination of strong predisposition and high-stress results in the most alcohol
use.
➢ What is meant by diathesis and diathesis-stress model? P. 52-54
○ Diathesis- a biological or psychological predisposition to disorders.
○ Diathesis-stress model: a way of integrating these models to explain mental
disorders.
➢ According to the diathesis-stress model, what two criteria are needed to produce
psychological problems in an individual? P. 53
○ A combination of predisposition and stress produces psychological problems.
Chapter 4
➢ What do health professionals mean by “continuum”? P. 74
○ A basis for symptoms to be compared and rated.
➢ What three criteria are to be considered in defining abnormal behavior? P. 74
○ 1. Behavior that deviates from the norm
○ 2. Behaviors associated with personal distress.
○ 3. Behaviors associated with difficulty adjusting to life’s demands
➢ Name the categorical approach to mental disorders used in the U.S. and much of the
world. P. 75
○ Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
➢ What are the advantages of diagnoses? P. 75
