NUR 676 Exam III Questions And Answers
What are the complications of dog bites? -Answer crush injuries, destructive soft tissue
injuries, neurovascular and orthopedic injuries, and death.
Dog bites commonly affect -Answer the extremities, children and young adults, and
animals who are provoked.
Cat bites commonly affect -Answer the hand and forearm in older women
Why is the infection rate higher in cat bites than in dogs? -Answer: cat bites include a
deeper puncture from the cats sharp teeth
What are the risk factors for infection of bite wounds? -Answer age >50 years, advanced
liver disease, alcoholism, DM, location of bite on hand or foot, failure to irrigate or
debride wound during initial management, treatment delay > 12 hours, edema at site of
bite, and peripheral vascular disease
What are the most common pathogens responsible for the infection in an animal bite? -
Answer Aerobic: Pasturella multocida, streptococci, staphylococci, and
Coryneubacterium species.
anaerobic: bacteriodes, actinomyces, porphyromonas, and fusobacterium.
What is rare bacteria from a dogs mouth may cause sepsis? - Answer Capnocytophagia
Canomoruses
What is often present/ transmitted in human bite? - Answer Eikinella Corroderes
Why should you be concerned about E corredens? - Answer it may be resistant to
empirically chozen antibiotics and produce beta lactamases.
,What history needs to be included about a bite injury? -Answer location and time of bite,
species and behavior of animal, rabies vaccine of animal and provoktion status.
what to include in documentation for bite: location, extent, depth of wound, type of
wound-puncture, scratch, tear, avulsion, tenderness and other signs of infection include
fever, erythema, edema, warmth, streaking, flactuation, adenopathy, and purulent
discharge. Testing for: Tendon lacerations, Joints and nerves, Compartment syndrome
sings such as pain, paresthesia, pallor, and paralysis
What diagnostics would you order for infected wounds? CBC, ESR, CRP aerobic and
anaerobic wound cultures, blood cultures if febrile
What diagnostics would you order for deep and complex wounds? xray studies
What diagnostics would you order for human bites? HIV, hep B, Hep C and titer
For what are CRP and ESR used? To monitor response to treatment
What is the immediate treatment after evaluation for life-threatening injury for all bites?
-Answer Irrigation of wound with 150 mL sterile saline solution to remove foreign bodies
or clots,
At what point post-bite do wounds start showing infection signs? -Answer 24-72 hours
post-bite
What is unique to the treatment of bites to the face? -Answer Extensive irrigation,
cautious debridement, pre-emptive antibiotics, primary closure, referral to ED or
plastics
Cat and human bites, deep puncture wounds, infectied wounds, wounds more than 6-12
hours old, and bites to the hand.
, What is important regarding wounds of the hand or foot? They should be immobilized
and elevated for 1-3 days
Which of the following bites require 5-7 days of prophylaxis? Cat bites or bites to the
hand
What is the most effective prophylactic therapy for fresh bites? - Answer Augmentin
500/125 every 8 hours for 5-7 days
What is the treatment of the bites in case of penicillin allergy? - Answer Clindamycin in
combination with doxy or batrim-additional would be levo or cipro
What should pregnant patients receive for the bites? - Answer Macrolides (azith,
claryth, eryth)
Older infected bites treatment protocol? 7-14 days of hospitalization and IV abx
(consider consulting infectious disease for osteoarticular complications)
Outpatient MRSA treatment? Po linezolid
Inpatient MRSA treatment? Bactrim, Doxy, Clindamycin
Treatment for complicated MRSA infections? Pareneteral vanc, daptomycin, linezolid,
ceftaroline, or tigecycline.
What do you administer if the pt has completed full tdap series, but no booster? -
Answer Td or Tdap booster should be administered
If the victim has not completed Tdap series, what should you adminsiter? - Answer
250-500 units of tetanus immunoglobulin with first three doses of Tetanus.
What is to be done on a reported bite and the animal may have rabies? Answer
What are the complications of dog bites? -Answer crush injuries, destructive soft tissue
injuries, neurovascular and orthopedic injuries, and death.
Dog bites commonly affect -Answer the extremities, children and young adults, and
animals who are provoked.
Cat bites commonly affect -Answer the hand and forearm in older women
Why is the infection rate higher in cat bites than in dogs? -Answer: cat bites include a
deeper puncture from the cats sharp teeth
What are the risk factors for infection of bite wounds? -Answer age >50 years, advanced
liver disease, alcoholism, DM, location of bite on hand or foot, failure to irrigate or
debride wound during initial management, treatment delay > 12 hours, edema at site of
bite, and peripheral vascular disease
What are the most common pathogens responsible for the infection in an animal bite? -
Answer Aerobic: Pasturella multocida, streptococci, staphylococci, and
Coryneubacterium species.
anaerobic: bacteriodes, actinomyces, porphyromonas, and fusobacterium.
What is rare bacteria from a dogs mouth may cause sepsis? - Answer Capnocytophagia
Canomoruses
What is often present/ transmitted in human bite? - Answer Eikinella Corroderes
Why should you be concerned about E corredens? - Answer it may be resistant to
empirically chozen antibiotics and produce beta lactamases.
,What history needs to be included about a bite injury? -Answer location and time of bite,
species and behavior of animal, rabies vaccine of animal and provoktion status.
what to include in documentation for bite: location, extent, depth of wound, type of
wound-puncture, scratch, tear, avulsion, tenderness and other signs of infection include
fever, erythema, edema, warmth, streaking, flactuation, adenopathy, and purulent
discharge. Testing for: Tendon lacerations, Joints and nerves, Compartment syndrome
sings such as pain, paresthesia, pallor, and paralysis
What diagnostics would you order for infected wounds? CBC, ESR, CRP aerobic and
anaerobic wound cultures, blood cultures if febrile
What diagnostics would you order for deep and complex wounds? xray studies
What diagnostics would you order for human bites? HIV, hep B, Hep C and titer
For what are CRP and ESR used? To monitor response to treatment
What is the immediate treatment after evaluation for life-threatening injury for all bites?
-Answer Irrigation of wound with 150 mL sterile saline solution to remove foreign bodies
or clots,
At what point post-bite do wounds start showing infection signs? -Answer 24-72 hours
post-bite
What is unique to the treatment of bites to the face? -Answer Extensive irrigation,
cautious debridement, pre-emptive antibiotics, primary closure, referral to ED or
plastics
Cat and human bites, deep puncture wounds, infectied wounds, wounds more than 6-12
hours old, and bites to the hand.
, What is important regarding wounds of the hand or foot? They should be immobilized
and elevated for 1-3 days
Which of the following bites require 5-7 days of prophylaxis? Cat bites or bites to the
hand
What is the most effective prophylactic therapy for fresh bites? - Answer Augmentin
500/125 every 8 hours for 5-7 days
What is the treatment of the bites in case of penicillin allergy? - Answer Clindamycin in
combination with doxy or batrim-additional would be levo or cipro
What should pregnant patients receive for the bites? - Answer Macrolides (azith,
claryth, eryth)
Older infected bites treatment protocol? 7-14 days of hospitalization and IV abx
(consider consulting infectious disease for osteoarticular complications)
Outpatient MRSA treatment? Po linezolid
Inpatient MRSA treatment? Bactrim, Doxy, Clindamycin
Treatment for complicated MRSA infections? Pareneteral vanc, daptomycin, linezolid,
ceftaroline, or tigecycline.
What do you administer if the pt has completed full tdap series, but no booster? -
Answer Td or Tdap booster should be administered
If the victim has not completed Tdap series, what should you adminsiter? - Answer
250-500 units of tetanus immunoglobulin with first three doses of Tetanus.
What is to be done on a reported bite and the animal may have rabies? Answer
