NURS300 Final Oxygenation Questions And
Correct Answers
respiration- movement of gases into and out of the lungs diffusion- respiratory gases
exchanged across the capillary membrane of alveoli perfusion-cardiovascular pumping
blood to and from the lungs and body How are gases transported into & out of the
lungs? Answer-intrapleural pressure is negative, less than atmospheric
- Intrapleural pressure is made more negative to allow air to flow into the lungs, creating
a density gradient between the atmosphere and alveoli.
- The contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles increases the
negative pleural pressure while enlarging the thorax size for inspiration.
- The relaxation of the diaphragm and contraction of the internal intercostal muscles
allow air to escape from the lungs.
work of breathing- The product of pressure and volume for each breath
inspiration- The process of breathing in (inhalation)
expiration- The act of breathing out, or exhalation
surfectant - Substance that coats the walls of the alveolus preventing collapse
atelectasis A condition wherein alveoli in your lung or a part of your lung deflates thus
leading to partial or complete collapsed lung
compliance-the sum compliance of the two lungs, giving the volume change of the lungs
for any given pressure change
, airway resistance-the pressure difference developed as the cross-sectional area of the
airways decreases from mouth/nose to alveoli.
tidal volume-Volume of air entering and leaving the lungs in one normal respiration.
residual volume - Answer amount of air remaining in lungs after a forcible exhalation
forced vital capacity - Answer maximum volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled from
the lungs after a maximum inspiration
spirometry - Answer a record of breathing (or lung volumes)
respiratory gas exchange - Answer respiratory gases diffuses across the
alveolar-capillary membrane- diffusion rate dependent on thickness of the membrane
thickening of membrane - Answer decreases diffusion, it takes longer for gases to cross
membrane- slower rate of exchange, less oxygen is delivered to tissues
ex: pulmonary edema, pulmonary infiltrates, pulmonary effusion
factors that change alveolar capillary membrane surface area - Answer - chronic
disease (emphysema)
- acute disease (pneumothorax)
- surgical process (lobectomy)
pneumothorax - Answer a condition in which air leaks into the space between your lung
and chest wall, causing your lung to collapse
transport of oxygen- Answer lungs and CV system
delivery depends on amount of blood entering the lungs- ventilation, blood floe to the
lungs and tissues- perfusion, rate of diffusion & oxygen carrying capacity
factors that determine oxygen carrying capacity- Answer- amount of dissolved oxygen
in the plasma
- amount of hemoglobin Hb
Correct Answers
respiration- movement of gases into and out of the lungs diffusion- respiratory gases
exchanged across the capillary membrane of alveoli perfusion-cardiovascular pumping
blood to and from the lungs and body How are gases transported into & out of the
lungs? Answer-intrapleural pressure is negative, less than atmospheric
- Intrapleural pressure is made more negative to allow air to flow into the lungs, creating
a density gradient between the atmosphere and alveoli.
- The contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles increases the
negative pleural pressure while enlarging the thorax size for inspiration.
- The relaxation of the diaphragm and contraction of the internal intercostal muscles
allow air to escape from the lungs.
work of breathing- The product of pressure and volume for each breath
inspiration- The process of breathing in (inhalation)
expiration- The act of breathing out, or exhalation
surfectant - Substance that coats the walls of the alveolus preventing collapse
atelectasis A condition wherein alveoli in your lung or a part of your lung deflates thus
leading to partial or complete collapsed lung
compliance-the sum compliance of the two lungs, giving the volume change of the lungs
for any given pressure change
, airway resistance-the pressure difference developed as the cross-sectional area of the
airways decreases from mouth/nose to alveoli.
tidal volume-Volume of air entering and leaving the lungs in one normal respiration.
residual volume - Answer amount of air remaining in lungs after a forcible exhalation
forced vital capacity - Answer maximum volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled from
the lungs after a maximum inspiration
spirometry - Answer a record of breathing (or lung volumes)
respiratory gas exchange - Answer respiratory gases diffuses across the
alveolar-capillary membrane- diffusion rate dependent on thickness of the membrane
thickening of membrane - Answer decreases diffusion, it takes longer for gases to cross
membrane- slower rate of exchange, less oxygen is delivered to tissues
ex: pulmonary edema, pulmonary infiltrates, pulmonary effusion
factors that change alveolar capillary membrane surface area - Answer - chronic
disease (emphysema)
- acute disease (pneumothorax)
- surgical process (lobectomy)
pneumothorax - Answer a condition in which air leaks into the space between your lung
and chest wall, causing your lung to collapse
transport of oxygen- Answer lungs and CV system
delivery depends on amount of blood entering the lungs- ventilation, blood floe to the
lungs and tissues- perfusion, rate of diffusion & oxygen carrying capacity
factors that determine oxygen carrying capacity- Answer- amount of dissolved oxygen
in the plasma
- amount of hemoglobin Hb
